形容词
第一章 比较级、最高级变化一览表
规则变化
1. 单音节以及少数双音节的词尾加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：
bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest broad（广阔的）—broader—broadest
cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest clever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverest cold（寒冷的）—colder—coldest cool（凉的）—cooler—coolest dark（黑暗的）—darker—darkest
dear（贵的）—dearer—dearest deep（深的）—deeper—deepest fast（迅速的）—faster—fastest few（少的）—fewer—fewest great（伟大的）—greater—greatest hard（困难的，硬的）—harder—hardest high（高的）—higher—highest kind（善良的）—kinder—kindest light（轻的）—lighter—lightest long（长的）—longer—longest loud（响亮的）—louder—loudest low（低的）—lower—lowest near（近的）—nearer—nearest new（新的）—newer—newest
poor（穷的）—poorer—poorest quick（快的）—quicker—quickest quiet（安静的）—quieter—quietest rich（富裕的）—richer—richest
short（短的）—shorter—shortest slow（慢的）—slower—slowest small（小的）—smaller—smallest smart（聪明的）—smarter—smartest soft（柔软的）—softer—softest strong（强壮的）—stronger—strongest
sweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetest tall（高的）-taller - tallest thick（厚的）—thicker—thickest warm（温暖的）—warmer—warmest weak（弱的）—weaker—weakest young（年轻的）—younger—youngest 2以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词（即重读闭音节词），双写结尾的辅音字母er，-est
big（大的）—bigger—biggest fat（胖的）—fatter—fattest
hot（热的）—hotter—hottest red（红的）—redder—reddest sad（伤心的）—sadder—saddest thin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnest wet（湿的）—wetter—wettest mad（疯的）—madder—maddest
特别提醒：new, few, slow, clean等词含有字母组合，且发的是长元音，不用双写。
3.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上 “r” “st” 构成比较级、最高级：
able（能干的）—abler—ablest brave（勇敢的）—braver—bravest close（接近的）—closer—closest fine（好的，完美的）—finer—finest
large（巨大的）—larger—largest late（迟的）—later—latest nice（好的）—nicer—nicest ripe（成熟的）—riper—ripest
rude（粗鲁的）—ruder—rudest safe（安全的）—safer—safest strange（奇怪的）—stranger—strangest wide（宽广的）—wider—widest wise（睿智的，聪明的）—wiser—wisest white（白的）—whiter—whitest
4. “以辅音字母+y”结尾的词改y为i，再加-er, -est
busy（忙碌的）—busier—busiest dirty（脏的）—dirtier—dirtiest
dry（干燥的）—drier—driest early（早的）—earlier—earliest easy（容易的）—easier—easiest friendly（友好的）—friendlier—friendliest funny（好玩的）—funnier—funniest happy（开心的）—happier—happiest healthy（健康的）—healthier—healthiest heavy（重的）—heavier—heaviest hungry（饿的）—hungrier—hungriest lazy（懒惰的）—lazier—laziest lucky（幸运的）—luckier—luckiest naughty（调皮的）—naughtier—naughtiest noisy（嘈杂的）—noisier—noisiest pretty（美丽的）—prettier—prettiest silly（傻的）—sillier—silliest spicy（辣的）—spicier—spiciest thirsty（渴的）—thirstier—thirstiest ugly（丑的）—uglier—ugliest
5.双音节、多音节形容词(即音标中含有三个或三个以上元音音素的词)，在单词前面加上 “more” “most” 构成比较级、最高级：
afraid（害怕的）—more afraid—most afraid
beautiful（美丽的）—more beautiful—most beautiful careful（仔细的）—more careful—most careful
cheerful（开心的）—more cheerful—most cheerful crowded（拥挤的）—more crowded—most crowded
dangerous（危险的）—more dangerous—most dangerous delicious（美味的）—more delicious—most delicious difficult（困难的）—more difficult—most difficult exciting（令人兴奋的）—more exciting—most exciting expensive（昂贵的）—more expensive—most expensive famous（著名的）—more famous—most famous
frightened（受惊的）—more frightened—most frightened
frightening（令人害怕的）—more frightening—most frightening hard-working（勤奋的）—more hard-working—most hard-working helpful（有帮助的）—more helpful—most helpful honest（诚实的）—more honest—most honest
important（重要的）—more important—most important
interesting（有趣的）—more interesting—most interesting polite（有礼貌的）—more polite—most polite
terrible（可怕的）—more terrible—most terrible tired（累的）—more tired—most tired
特别提醒：以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况， 如：unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest 6. 以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more，most
Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly 特别提醒：early -earlier-earliest
7. 由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。
interesting- more interesting -most interesting excited- more excited - most exciting
tired- more tired - most tired boring-more boring -most boring
不规则变化
bad（坏的）—worse—worst
far（远的）—farther—farthest (far—further—furthest) good（好的）—better—best ill（病的）—worse—worst little（少的）—less—least many（多的）—more—most much（多的）—more—most
old（年老的）—older—oldest ( old—elder—eldest) well（好的，身体好的）—better—best
特别提醒：
◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”，还可指“程度更深”。记住以下三个词组：further study(进修)
further education(继续教育) further information (进一步的信息)
◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行，如: elder sister(姐姐) elder brother (哥哥) ◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词，修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。
第二章 形容词副词比较级较难考点
◇少数单音节词前面加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级， 这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词
afraid -more afraid, most afraid tired - more tired , most tired fond - more fond , most fond glad -more glad , most glad
bored - more bored , most bored pleased---- more pleased , most pleased ◇下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式，即：既可加-er/-est也可加more/most
strict, often, friendly, clever ◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高（即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级）如：empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite, true, right, correct, extremely ... ◇比较应在同类事物之间进行。
误：Your English is better than me. 正：Your English is better than mine.
◇比较级前可以有一个表示程度的状语，最常见的三大修饰词是：a little, much, even。 以下单词也可用来修饰：any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。 My sister is a little taller than me. Their house is much larger than ours. 另外，名词短语也可修饰比较级，说明程度。 I’m three years older than he.
特别提醒：very, quite, too不可修饰比较级。
(完整版)英语常见形容词及比较级、最高级变化一览表
