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一、that与which, who, whom的用法区别
情 况 用法说明 例 句 ①先行词为all, everything, anything, ①He told me everything that he nothing, little, much等不定代词时 knows. ②先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时 ③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 只用that的情④先行词既指人又指物时 况 ⑤先行词被the only, the very修饰时 ⑥句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时 ④We talked about the persons and things that we remembered. ⑤He is the only man that I want to see. ⑥Who is the man that is making a speech? ①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人 只用which, who, whom的情况 ②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从①He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. ②I like the person to whom the ever read. ②All the books that you offered has been given out. ③This is the best film that I have 句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。 teacher is talking. ③先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。 ③Those who respect others are usually respected by others. 只用that，in which或不用the way做先行词时 关系词的情况 ①Mary, there is one way that you could stop others talking about you and criticizing you. ②I was struck by the beauty of the 学 海 无 涯
way in which she stood. ③What surprised me was not what he said but _______ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. which the way 二、as与which, that的用法区别
从句 限制性 定语从句中 区 别 名词前有such和the same修饰时，Don’t read such books as you can’t 关系代词用as,不能用which understand. They won the game, as we had as和which都可以指代前面整个主expected. 句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并非限制性 可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，定语从句中 那么用as；而which引导的从句只能As is well known, he is a famous film 放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。 star in the 1980s. That’s the same tool as I used last week.（同类工具，不是同一把） the same... as和 the same ...that the same... as指同类事物 That’s the same tool that I used last the same ...that 指原物 week.那就是我上周用过的工具。（同一把工具） expected. They won the game, which we hadn’t 例 句 He is not such a fool as he looks. 三、where、when与why引导的定语从句
关系副词 用 法 例 句 学 海 无 涯
We’re just trying to teach a 关系副词where引导定语从句时，只point___both sides will sit down 能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰where 的名词必须是表示(具体或抽象的)地A. where B. that C. when D. 点的名词。 which There was ________time ________I 关系副词 when引导定语从句时, 只hated to go to school. when 能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰A. a; that B. a; when 的名词必须是表示时间的名词。 C. the; that D. the ; when 关系副词why引导定语从句时，Do you know the reason why she was why 只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。 put into prison ? 你知道她坐牢的原因吗？ together and talk. 四、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
●介词+which/ whom 基本形式 ●介词短语+ which。 常见介词短语：as a He was educated at a local grammar school,_________ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this result of, by means of, in 【解析】答案为C。“他”是上完了一个local grammar school之后，又front of, in case of, on account of等。 上的Cambridge，故选after which，引导一个非限制性定语从句，起补充说明作用。 Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ______wanted to buy it. 不定代词＋介词＋关系代词 A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 【解析】答案为D。根据题意，两者都不想买。定语从句部分还原：neither of them wanted to buy it. 扩 展 形 学 海 无 涯
式 The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of the＋名词＋介词＋关系代词 C. which the hands of D. the hands of which 【解析】答案为D。“watch”是物，故定语从句的引导词不可用“whom”， 可排除A、B两项。由句意可知，空格处可填入“whose hands”或“the hands of which”表示所属关系。 ③The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _______ are sold abroad. 数词＋介词＋关系代词 A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 【解析】答案为A。“80% of which”指代的是“80% of the shoes”。 ④There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them the＋形容词比较级（最高C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 级）＋介词＋关系代词 【解析】答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings；B选项缺少一个连词。 Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects people are still suffering. 介词＋whose ＋名词 A. that B. whose C. those D. what 【解析】答案为B。from whose effects people…=and people are still suffering from their effects。 ⑥Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ________ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. A. during which time B. for which time 介词＋ which ＋名词 C. during whose time D. by that time 【解析】答案为A。先行词为一段时间，所以用“during which time”引导定语从句，表示“在此期间”。 判断介根据定语从句方法一 中谓语动词与先行词的搭配I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction __________she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which 学 海 无 涯
词的方法 根据先行词 方法二 而定 【解析】答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings ，which 在定语从句中指代 building，作介词of的宾语。 Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003,__________he studied very hard and was made chairman of the Students’ Union. A. during which time B. for which time根据所要表达方法三 的意思来确定所要用的介词 C. during whose time D. by that time 【解析】答案为A。由题意和所缺词前面的逗号可判定题干是含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词是表示一个时间段的短语from1999 to 2003；句意：从1999年到2003年马克是这所大学的学生，在这（4年）期间他学习很用功并被选为学生会主席，所缺词的意思为“在这期间”，故选A项。 内容而定 【解析】答案为D。此题考查由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，根据句意用from which表示“所来的那个方向”，from the direction。 There are two buildings , _______ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 五、定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象
定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他
成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。
现 象 例 句 ①—Is that the small town you often refer to? —Right, just the one ________ you know I used to work for years. 在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I A. that B. which C. where D. what think ,I suppose ,I guess ,I imagine等。 【解析】答案为C。work是不及物动词，先行词one在定语从句辨别的方法是：去掉插入语后，原句句 中只能作地点状语，you know 在句中作插入语。 法结构仍然完整。 ②He made another wonderful discovery ,______of importance to science .
2014高考英语语法复习专题精讲精练 定语从句 doc
