习题【4】4-2解:d?5cm?0.05m,L?6m,??
?0.9,h?14.2cm?5000
流体的体积流量:Q?
VQG??g
?
3?60?0.00315m3/s0.9?1000?9.8
流速:v?
Q
?2d4
?
0.00315
?1.6m/s
3.142?0.054
以管轴面为基准面,列1-1,2-2断面能量方程:0?
?g
p1?
2g
v12?0?
?g
p2?
2g
2v2?hl因为v?v,则有:h?
12l?g
p1?
?g
p2??Hg??13.6??根据压差计:???1??h???1??0.142?2.00m
???g?g??0.9????
p1p2则:h?2.00m
l又,流体流动属于圆管层流,则??带入达西公式,则有:6464??Revd
ghld29.8?2?0.052Lv264?Lv2hl????????1.59?10?4m2/s
d2gvdd2g32Lv32?6?1.6
4-25解:d?50mm?0.05m,D?200mm?0.2m,l?100m,H?12m
?进?0.5,?阀?5.0,??0.03
以管轴面为基准面,z?H,z?0,p?p?0,v?0
12121v2列1-1,2-2断面能量方程:H?0?0?0?0??hl2g
11基准面vv2
v22从1-1断面流至2-2断面的水头损失:沿程水头损失:hf??hf?hf1?hf2?hf3i2llv2lv2lv2v22?hf4=???????d2gD2gd2gd2gd20.052?2??v2?0.0625v根据连续性方程有:vD0.22则:沿程水头损失v2?10.0625211?v221150v2?2.5??2?v2hf??l????0.03?100???0.0625??
?d?Ddd2g2g?0.050.2?2g??
局部水头损失:hm??hm?hm1?hm2?hm3?hm4??进iv2v2v2v2??扩??缩??阀2g2g2g2g2?A1?
??其中,突然扩大部分:?=1?扩?A2????A
突然缩小部分:?=0.5?1?1缩?A2?
则:局部水头损失:2?d2????1?D2???0.88???d???0.5??1???0.375??D??
hm=?进??扩??缩??阀??v2v26.755v2=?0.5?0.88?0.375?5.0?=2g2g2g150v26.755v2总水头损失:h?h?h=代入能量方程?lfm2g2gv2150v26.755v2有:H=???v?1.22m/s
2g2g2g?23.14
?0.052?0.0024m3/s流量:Q?v?d?1.22?
4422v2?v20.0625v?速度水头:?0.076m,??0.0003m
2g2g2g计算各部分水头损失:lv2100
hf1=??0.03??0.076?4.56m
d2g0.052lv2100
hf2=??0.03??0.0003?0.0045m
D2g0.2lv2100
hf3=??0.03??0.076?4.56m
d2g0.05l100v222?0.076?2.28mhf1=??0.03?d2g0.05hm1??进v2?0.5?0.076?0.038m2ghm2??扩hm3??缩hm4??阀v2?0.88?0.076?0.067m2gv2?0.375?0.076?0.028m2gv2?5?0.076?0.38m2g绘制总水头线和测压管水头线:hm1v2g2hf1hm2测压管水头线hf2hm3总水头线hf3hm4hf4