课时作业(三十一) 选修7 Unit 1 Living well
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·甘肃重点中学协作体高三上学期第一次联考)
Mary Krupa became friends with the grey squirrels during her first week at Penn State, after spotting them running around and idly (漫不经心地) wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads. Today, everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”．
Mary started bringing them food, and gradually they began to trust her. She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift their spirits, she started posting similar photos on Facebook. The response was greatly positive, and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation. Growing up in a neighborhood outside of State College, Mary was always fond of birds and animals around her home, but she didn't interact (交流) with people very much. She was later diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome, but the squirrels changed that. “The squirrels help me break the ice, because I'll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and we'll just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them，” she said. “I am a lot more outgoing.”
And in case you're wondering how Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop (道具), and they'll grab it. But getting to that part took a while. In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though.
This year, Mary is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment. As for her furry friends, Mary plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.
【文章大意】 宾夕法尼亚大学的“松鼠女孩”Mary曾经被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向起来。在和松鼠之间建立了信任以后，Mary拍了一些戴帽子的松鼠的照片，在互联网上引起了轰动。
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【难句分析】And in case you're wondering how Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food.
分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中in case引导条件状语从句，该从句中how引导宾语从句Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos作动词wondering的宾语，该宾语从句中what引导另一个宾语从句，作动词do的宾语。
译文：如果你想知道Mary是如何能够让松鼠做她想让它们做的从而得到(她想要的)照片，这与食物有很大关系。
1．What does the underlined word “sensation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Hit. B．Challenge. C．Attack. D．Link. 答案与解析：A'考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The response was greatly positive, and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation.”可知，Mary拍的照片得到了非常积极的回应，在互联网上引起了轰动。hit“风行一时的事物”与画线词意思相近，所以A项正确。
2．What kind of change do squirrels bring to Mary? A．She is sicker than before.
B．She is more interested in animals. C．She is more sociable than before. D．She is less willing to go to college.
答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容可知，Mary之前不善于交际，并被诊断患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向了。
3．How did Mary manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats?
A．By putting them in cages. B．By playing music to them.
C．By attracting them with colorful food.
D．By building a close relationship with them.
答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第四段的描述可知，想给松
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鼠拍照需要借助食物，但并不是只要给松鼠食物，松鼠就会让她拍出想要的照片，她必须和松鼠之间建立信任而亲密的关系。
4．Which words can best describe Mary? A．Confident and strong. B．Patient and caring.
C．Sociable and healthy. D．Traditional and hard-working.
答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据文中Mary与松鼠的相处及第四段中的“She had the patience to earn their trust, though”可知，Mary有耐心且有爱心。
B
(2018·陕西省高三教学质量检测试题一)
Many people have bought insurance, either life or property(财产), commercial or compulsory. Yet some people know little about it and some even misunderstand its nature and function.
Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to a risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the shipowner knows that his ships may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor every ship is lost at sea. If these persons each put a small amount of money into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known as the insured and those who manage the_pool_of_contributions as insurers. The legal basis of all insurance is the policy. This is a printed form of contract on a piece of paper in best quality. It states that every year the insured shall pay an amount of money, which is called the premium; in return, the insurer will pay an amount of money or compensation for losses if the risk or event insured against actually happens.
The premium for insurance naturally depends upon how likely the risk is to happen, as suggested by past experience. If companies fix their premiums too high, there will be more competition in their area of insurance and they may lose business. On the other hand, if they make the premium too low, they will lose money and may even have to drop out of business. So the ordinary forces of supply and demand keep premiums at a level satisfactory to both the insurer and the insured.
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【文章大意】 本文主要对保险进行了简要介绍。
【难句分析】The premium for insurance naturally depends upon how likely the risk is to happen, as suggested by past experience.
分析：本句是一个复合句。how引导宾语从句，as引导了一个省略了主语和部分谓语的状语从句，补充完整应该是：as it is suggested by past experience。
译文：保险费(的确定)自然取决于风险发生的可能性，正如过去的经验所显示的那样。
5. The underlined phrase in Para. 2 most probably means ________. A．money paid by the insurers B．each premium
C．money paid by all those insured D．the cost of administering insurance
答案与解析：C'考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“If these persons each put a small amount of money into a pool，there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses.”可推知，the pool of contributions表示投保人所投的钱。A项错在paid，根据第二段的“who manage the pool of contributions as insurers”可知，这部分钱是由承保人来经营管理的；B项错在每一笔保险费，与语境pool不符；D项表示管理保险的成本，文章中并没有提到，故排除。
6. Insurance premiums do not become too high because ________. A．not many people insure themselves B．premiums depend on the risk of losses C．insurers have to be more competitive
D．insurance companies can never lose money 答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“If companies fix their premiums too high, there will be more competition in their area of insurance and they may lose business.”可知，保险公司也有竞争，因此保险费不能定得太高，否则就没有竞争力，也就意味着可能会失去业务，故选C。
7. According to the passage, insurance business gains profit because ________.
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A．more and more people buy insurance B．the firms have sound management C．the premium is increased year by year D．only a few of those insured suffer losses
答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据第二段的“On the other hand，not every house is damaged by fire nor every ship is lost at sea.”“enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer losses”和“the losses of the few”可推知，保险公司获利是因为只有少部分投保人遭受意外风险。
8. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A．explain an insurance policy B．introduce insurance business C．persuade people to be insured D．warn people of possible losses
答案与解析：B 考查写作意图。文章第一段点题，再结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要介绍的是保险业务，故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空 (2018·江西名校联盟检测)
Brian Tagalog was born without arms. But that didn't __1__ him from leading a normal life. The __2__ young man believes he is the only certified tattoo(文身) artist without arms in the world.
A __3__ of Honolulu, Tagalog moved with his family to Tucson. He had always shown an interest in drawing, and set his mind on becoming a __4__ tattoo artist. Not many people gave him a chance, but he __5__ improved his foot drawing skills and operated the tattoo gun with his __6__. Brian's mother admits that __7__ him was not easy, but she always made it a(n) __8__ to let him explore his options. “The day I gave birth to him, well, I was shocked, but we never hid him. I didn't __9__ him in any way.” And perhaps that's what gave him the __10__ to achieve his dreams, __11__ the very obvious absence of two limbs. “I was born without arms，” he said. “But that has not __12__ me down to pursue my dream.”
At first, finding a shop that would __13__ him proved a very difficult thing. He __14__ many tattoo shops and got no calls back. He didn't give up; __15__， Brian finally runs his own shop. Brian uses a (n) __16__ technique to tattoo—he draws the design on clients' skin with one foot, __17__ using the other to stretch the skin. And eventually his tattoos
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always turn out to get his clients' __18__. Brian hopes his success will __19__ others to follow their dreams bravely. Words and photos just don't do Brian Tagalog justice. You need to see him __20__ to witness how he works only with his feet. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了生来没有胳膊的Brian Tagalog通过自己的不懈努力最终成为一名成功的文身艺术家的故事。
1．A.promote B．preserve C．protect D．prevent
答案与解析：D'但是那没有阻止他过正常的生活。prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。
2．A.wise B．ambitious C．promising D．handsome
答案与解析：B'这个有抱负的年轻人相信他是这个世界上唯一一个有资格证的无臂文身艺术家。wise“睿智的”；ambitious“有雄心的，有抱负的”；promising“有前途的”；handsome“英俊的”。
3．A.visitor B．foreigner C．stranger D．native
答案与解析：D'根据后文的“moved with his family to Tucson”可知，此处指Tagalog是一个火奴鲁鲁的当地人。foreigner“外国人”；stranger“陌生人”；native“当地人，本地人”。 4．A.professional B．normal
C．temporary D．conservative
答案与解析：A'他总是表现出在绘画方面的兴趣，并且下决心成为一名专业的文身艺术家。professional“专业的，职业的”；normal“正常的”；temporary“暂时的”；conservative“保守的”。
5．A.steadily B．occasionally
C．effectively D．frequently
答案与解析：A 并不是很多人给他机会，但是他不断地磨炼自己的脚部绘画技巧并且用自己的脚趾操作文身枪。steadily“持续地，不断地”；occasionally“偶尔，偶然”；effectively“高效地”；frequently“经常地，频繁地”。
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6．A.fingers B．toes C．mouth D．jaw
答案与解析：B'参见上题解析。
7．A.comforting B．educating C．raising D．accompanying
答案与解析：C'Brian的母亲承认抚养他长大不是一件容易的事儿。comfort “安慰”；educate“教育”；raise“养育，抚养”；accompany“陪伴”。
8．A.failure B．point C．adventure D．destination
答案与解析：B'但她总是特别注意让他探究自己的选择。make it a point to“对……特别注意，努力做到”，是固定短语，符合语境。failure“失败”；adventure“冒险”；destination“目的地”。
9．A.defend B．blame C．abandon D．shelter
答案与解析：D'根据上文的“but we never hid him”可知，此处应是指Brian的母亲不以任何形式庇护他。defend“保护”；blame“责备”；abandon“遗弃”；shelter“庇护，遮蔽”。
10．A.confidence B．determination
C．freedom D．enthusiasm
答案与解析：A'根据上下文语境，此处应是表示尽管他没有胳膊，但是Brian的家人所采取的更为积极的让Brian成长的方式或许正是给予他实现梦想的自信心的东西。confidence“自信心”；determination“决心”；freedom“自由”；enthusiasm“热情”。 11．A.apart from B．in
C．regardless of D．despite
答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。apart from“除了”；regardless of“不管，不顾”；despite“尽管”。
12．A.turned B．calmed
C．slowed D．tracked
答案与解析：C'他说：“我生来没有胳膊，但是那并没有让我放慢追求自己梦想的速度。”turn sb. down“拒绝某人”；calm
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sb.down“使某人镇静下来”；slow sb. down“使某人慢下来”；track sb. down“追查到，追踪到”。
13．A.hire B．support
C．serve D．fund
答案与解析：A'根据下文中的“...got no calls back”“He didn't give up；'15'，Brian finally runs his own shop.”可知，此处应是指起初，找到一个愿意雇用他的店铺被证实是一件非常困难的事情。hire“雇用”；support“支持”；serve“为……服务”；fund“资助”。
14．A.adapted to B．appealed to
C．attached to D．applied to
答案与解析：D'根据上下文的内容可知，此处表示他应聘了好多家店。但是没有得到回信。apply to“向……申请”符合语境。adapt to“适应”；appeal to“对……有吸引力”；attach to“与……有联系，与……有关联”。
15．A.otherwise B．instead
C．still D．however
答案与解析：B'他没有放弃，反而(instead)最后开了自己的店。other wise“否则”；instead“反而”；still “仍然”；however“然而”。
16．A.unique B．funny
C．powerful D．attractive
答案与解析：A'根据下文的内容可知，此处指Brian使用了一种独特的文身技巧。unique“独特的”；funny“有趣的”；powerful“强有力的”；attractive“吸引人的”。
17．A.before B．if
C．while D．unless
答案与解析：C'当他用另一只脚将皮肤抻平时，他用一只脚在顾客的皮肤上绘制图案。while“当……时”符合语境。before“在……之前”；if“如果”；unless“除非”。
18．A.instruction B．admiration
C．doubt D．complaint
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答案与解析：B'而且最后他的文身总是会得到顾客的赞赏。instruction“指导”；admiration“赞赏”；doubt“怀疑”；complaint“投诉”。
19．A.inspire B．urge
C．request D．advise
答案与解析：A'Brian希望他的成功能激励他人勇敢地追求梦想。inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人去做某事”。urge“敦促”；request“要求”；advise“建议”。
20．A.in response B．in advance
C．in action D．in turn
答案与解析：C'根据语境可知，此处表示你需要见证在工作状态中的Brian。in action“在活动中，在运转”，在此引申为“处于工作状态中”。in response“作为回应”；in advance“提前”；in turn“反过来”。
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2019高考全程复习方略英语一轮复习课时作业：7.1 Living well Word版含解析
