高中英语写作技能之短文改错复习
I. 错误类型
1.谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点，常见动词错误类型有：
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ②and前后动词时态不一致； ③主谓不一致；
④缺少动词，特别是be动词； ⑤第三人称单数形式错用； ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
2.名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用，可数名词与不可数名词错用。
3.连词错误：连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/or/but等。关于连词，一般考查从句关系
who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 4.冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的第一个音素来判定)；
误用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多冠词或少冠词)
5.形容词和副词错误：系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词smell/feel)；词性的
误用(形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词)。
6.代词错误：代词的主格和宾格(I/me； he/him； she/her； we/us they/them)错误；反身代词
(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用错误；代词的单数和复数使用错误；代词指代错误；多代词或少代词。
7.非谓语动词的常见错误：不定式、动名词作主语、宾语时；and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致(尤其
距离较远时)；介词后用动名词形式作宾语；某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 8.介词错误：词组中的介词误用；介词意思理解偏差；介词的多用或少用
II. 技巧总结
1.句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词； 2.谓语动词的时态、语态； 3.非谓语动词的用法；
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4.名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确； 5.定冠词和不定冠词是否正确； 6.代词的格和性的使用是否有误；
7.定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；
8.并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当
真题精讲
(1) After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. (frightening 改为 frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，
而不是令人害怕) (全国卷)
(2) Charles said， “As soon as I see a realy tall building， I want to climb it. (realy 改为 really 或 real，若改为
really，则修饰 tall；若改为 real，则修饰 building) (全国卷)
(3) Last Sunday， police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. (taller 改为 tallest，因从含义上看此处应
是最高级) (全国卷)
(4) As a result， people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. (去掉 more，
因为 longer 本身已是比较级，不能再受 more 修饰) (全国卷)
(5) Therefore， there are still some countries where people have shorter lives. (Therefore 改为 However，因此处
语意转折) (全国卷)
(6) People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few hundred years ago.
(so long as 改为 as long as，其意为“与……一样长”) (全国卷)
(7) In some places you may borrow many books as you want. (many 之前加 as，因as ... as 结构不完整) (8) I told Mother， Father， Sister and all my friends here that a great time I had. (that 改为 what) (全国卷) (9) I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting. (去掉 much，因 much 不能用来修饰形容词的
原级，尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级) (全国卷)
(10) I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderfully 改为 wonderful，因它是放在名词前作定语)
课堂练习
passage 1
When I walked into the classroom， the teacher was handing in the tests. I was feeling very nervous. I had studied at all at the weekend as I had thought it would be easy test. I went through the test for many times but I could only answer three out from the twenty questions. I did not want to fail the exam. Then， I put my book
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under my desk， opening it and started looking for the answer. The teacher wasn't looking at me， but I copied something. Suddenly， I felt a hand on my shoulder! The teacher caught me cheating. I don't know what to say. Luckily， the teacher did not punish for cheating but instead gave me a second chance.
passage 2
I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. She is our monitor and one of the excellent students in our class. Clever as she is， but she words very hard. We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk .One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbor’s house .She called 119 immediate. Ten minutes later， the firemen came and put out fire. Her neighbor was very thankful for her help
passage 3
I often dream of a teacher， I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls . I teach them， play with them， but watch them growing up. I am always young when I was staying with them. I know there is not easy to be a teacher. You have to learn in order to teach. Without enough
knowledges， you can never learn well .What is more ， you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. Only in this way can you be good teacher and win respect from them. Though I am a student now， I will work as very hard to make my dream come true.
passage 1
in 改为 out had 后加 not easy 前加 an；去掉 for from 改为 of opening 改为 opened； answer 改为 answers but 改为 so don’t 改为 didn’t punish 后加 me
passage 2
教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分，我常采用范读，让幼儿学习、模仿。如领读，我读一句，让幼儿读一句，边读边记；第二通读，我大声读，我大声读，幼儿小声读，边学边仿；第三赏读，我借用录好配朗读磁带，一边放录音，一边幼儿反复倾听，在反复倾听中体验、品味。who’s 改为 whose . 第二行：去 but 第三行：on 改为 in ；talk 后加 about
was 改为 were； homeworks 改为 homework stopped 后加 to find 改为 found immediate 改为 immediately 去掉 the
passage 3
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dream 后加 being/becoming give 改为 giving；but 改为 and was 改为 am ；there 改为 it knowledges 改为 knowledge/learning learn 改为 teach him 改为 them；be 后加 a 去掉 as
课后练习
Mary was an university student. She didn’t have much money and her parents were not rich， but she had an uncle who had been luck enough to collect great wealth. He always gave her valuable Christmas and birthday present .When her uncle’s birthday came round， Mary want to buy him something real special ， but because he was so rich， she did not know how to get him. She went into the best shop in her town and explained that what her problem was to one of the helpful shop assistant. Finally she asked， “What do you have for someone has already got everything he wants or needs?” The girl sighed deep and answered， “Envy(忌妒)， only envy.”
Last weekend， I helped my grandparents with their trip to the Dalian. On Saturday morning， together with my grandparents， I search the Internet for the train schedule， the weather in Dalian， and some hotel informations. In the afternoon， they went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there had a long queue. After dinner， I packed the things into the suitcase， what my grandparents would need， such as clothes， glasses， an umbrella， a map. The next morning， I went to the station to show them off. Waved goodbye to them on the platform， I felt happily for them and wished them a safe journey.
语文课本中的文章都是精选的比较优秀的文章，还有不少名家名篇。如果有选择循序渐进地让学生背诵一些优秀篇目、精彩段落，对提高学生的水平会大有裨益。现在，不少语文教师在分析课文时，把文章解体的支离破碎，总在文章的技巧方面下功夫。结果教师费劲，学生头疼。分析完之后，学生收效甚微，没过几天便忘的一干二净。造成这种事倍功半的尴尬局面的关键就是对文章读的不熟。常言道“书读百遍，其义自见”，如果有目的、有计划地引导学生反复阅读课文，或细读、默读、跳读，或听读、范读、轮读、分角色朗读，学生便可以在读中自然领悟文章的思想内容和写作技巧，可以在读中自然加强语感，增强语言的感受力。久而久之，这种思想内容、写作技巧和语感就会自然渗透到学生的语言意识之中，就会在写作中自觉不自觉地加以运用、创造和发展。
家庭是幼儿语言活动的重要环境，为了与家长配合做好幼儿阅读训练工作，孩子一入园就召开家长会，给家长提出早期抓好幼儿阅读的要求。我把幼儿在园里的阅读活动及阅读情况及时传递给家长，要求孩子回家向家长朗诵儿歌，表演故事。我和家长共同配合，一道训练，幼儿的阅读能力提高很快。Though great progress has made in science these years， there are still many people living in poor conditions. They make their lives by collecting and selling used thing. Their children cannot go to school because they have not enough money to send their children to there. Why you think so many people still suffer from poverty now? The answer lies on the
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population explosion. A president of a developing country once said； \because we used to 'produce' child without limit.\， they have clear pointed out one of the causes of the population explosion. 参考答案
1. an – a 2. luck – lucky 3. present –presents 4. want – wanted 5. real – really 6. how – what
其实，任何一门学科都离不开死记硬背，关键是记忆有技巧，“死记”之后会“活用”。不记住那些基础知识，怎么会向高层次进军?尤其是语文学科涉猎的范围很广，要真正提高学生的写作水平，单靠分析文章的写作技巧是远远不够的，必须从基础知识抓起，每天挤一点时间让学生“死记”名篇佳句、名言警句，以及丰富的词语、新颖的材料等。这样，就会在有限的时间、空间里给学生的脑海里注入无限的内容。日积月累，积少成多，从而收到水滴石穿，绳锯木断的功效。7. 去掉that 8. assistant – assistants 9. has 前加who 10. deep--deeply
1去掉Dalian 前面的the2．search → searched3．informations → information 4．they → I5．had →was 6．what → which7．在a map之前加and8．show → see 9．Waved → Waving10．happily → happy 1. has made----has been made 2. lives---living 3. thing---things 4. 去第二个to 5. you前加do 6. on--in 7. us--we8. child---children 9. this---these 10. clear---clearly
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高中英语写作技能之短文改错复习
