高中英语学习材料
（灿若寒星*制作整理）
必修
1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela
—a modern hero
I 单元基础知识 一 核心单词
1．________ n．质量；品质；性质
2．________ vi.逃脱；逃走；泄露 3．________ n．意见；看法；主张 4．________ n．& vt.进攻；攻击；抨击 5．________ vt.酬劳；奖赏 n．报酬；奖金 6．________ vi.乞求；请求 7．________ n．律师
8．________ vt.建立；建设 9．_______ n．残忍；残酷 10．________ n．暴力；暴行
11．________ adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的 12．________ adj.法律的；合法的 13．________ adj.积极的；活跃的
14．________ v．投票；选举 n．投票；选票；表决 15．________ adj.自私的
16．________ adj.平等的；相等的 17．________ adj.慷慨的；大方的
18．________ adj.不公平的；不公正的 19．________ vt.献身；专心于(与to连用) 20．________ vt.教育
二.高频短语
1．丧失勇气或信心 ________ 2．处于麻烦中 ________ 3．担心 ________ 4．失业 ________ 5．事实上 ________
6．使充气；使爆炸 ________ 7．把……投进监狱 ________ 8．当权 ________
9．设立；建立 ________
10．实现某人……的梦想 ________
11．在……中活跃 ________ 12．致力于 ________ 13．以和平的方式 ________ 14．对……抱有希望 ________ 15．愿意…… ________ 16．求助于 ________ 17．积极参与 ________ 18．被判处…… ________ 19．能胜任 ________ 20．投票支持 ________ 三．重点句型（填空）
1．He _____ _____ _____ his time, for ______ I was grateful. 他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。
2．I worried about ________ I would become out of work. 我担心我会不会失业。
3．The last thirty years ________(see)the greatest number of laws
________(stop) our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage ________ we have almost no rights at all.
过去的三十年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡我们的进
步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
4．Only then ________ we decide to answer violence ________ violence. 只有到了这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
5．I did not work again for twenty years ________ Mr. Mandela and the
ANC ________ ________ ________ in 1994.
在曼德拉先生和非洲国民大会于1994年掌政之前，我有20年没有工作。
II. 考点精析及演练
1.devote vt. 献身于；致力于 归纳拓展
(1)devote ... to ... 把……献给……
be devoted to ... 致力于……；专心于…… (2)devoted adj. 深爱的；忠实的 devotion n. 奉献；忠诚 含介词to的短语：
be/get used/accustomed to习惯于 lead to 导致
pay attention to 注意 object to 反对
be opposed to 反对 look forward to 期望 get down to 开始认真做 stick to 坚持
即时应用：用所给动词的适当形式填空。
①Mr.Reed devoted all he had to ________(set) up several schools for
children in poor areas.
②As soon as she returned home, she got down to ________(prepare) lunch
for her children.
③The discovery of new evidence led to the thief ________
________(catch)．
④Her son, to whom she ________ ________(devote), went abroad last
year.
2．reward n. 报酬；奖赏；回报 vt. 报答；奖励 归纳拓展
(1)reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而报答某人 reward sb. with sth. 用……犒赏某人 (2)as a reward for 作为回馈/酬谢/奖赏 ask no reward 不计报酬
give/offer/pay/put up a reward to sb. for sth. 因某事而给某人报酬
earn/enjoy/get/obtain/receive reward for sth. 因某事而得到报答或报酬
in reward (for) 作为(对……的)报答 辨析：award/reward 词语 名词含义 奖品，奖金，与prize用法相似 动词含义 意为“授予、颁发”，常用搭配：award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb. 多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏，常用搭配：reward sb. for (doing) sth. award reward 报酬、奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬 即时应用 完成句子。
①He was presented with a gold watch ________ ________ ________
________ ________ ________.
作为对他服务的报酬，他获赠一块金表。
②She offered ________ ________ ________ ________ for the lost
necklace.
她为丢失的项链悬赏500美元。
③Youyou Tu ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________ ________ for discovering artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin, making her one of the greatest women in the world.
因为发现青蒿素，屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔医学奖，她成为了世界上的伟大
女性之一。
3．escape n. & vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露 vt. 逃脱 归纳拓展
(1)escape from 从……逃离
escape doing sth. 逃避做某事
escape one's notice/memory 逃过某人的注意/被某人遗忘
(2)have a narrow escape＝narrowly escape from being killed 九死一生；幸
免于难
make one's escape from 逃离；逃脱
4．equal adj. 相等的；平等的；能胜任的 vt. 比得上；抵得上 n. 同
等之人或物
归纳拓展
(1)be equal to 与……相等；能胜任；能应付 A equals B in... A在……方面比得上B without equal 无比；无敌
on equal terms with sb. 与某人处于平等地位 (2)equally adv. 同样(程度)地；平均地 equality n. 同等；平等
5．opinion n. 意见；看法；主张 归纳拓展
in sb.'s opinion/in the opinion of sb. 在某人看来；根据某人的意见
give one's opinion about 发表看法 have a good/high/bad/low/poor opinion of＝think
well/highly/much/badly/little of 对……评价高/低
即时应用 完成句子。
①In my view, you should ________ ________ ________ ________
________.
我认为你应征求你父母的意见。
②________ ________ ________， it is very important to have a good
command of a foreign language.
在我看来，掌握一门外语非常重要。
③The teacher ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________.
老师对他评价很高。
④Would you please ________ ________ ________ ________ the local
government?
请你发表对当地政府看法，好吗？ 6.out of work 失业 归纳拓展
out of sight 看不见 out of mind 心不在焉
out of debt 不欠债；还清债务 out of date 过时；过期 out of danger 脱离危险 out of order 坏了 out of shape 变形
out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能 7．in trouble 在困境中 归纳拓展
ask for trouble 自寻烦恼；自讨苦吃 make trouble 捣乱；制造麻烦
get (sb.) into trouble(使某人)陷入困境 make/cause trouble for sb. 给某人惹麻烦
have some/no trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有(没有)困难
take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛苦做某事 即时应用 完成句子。
①You are just ________ ________ ________ if you don't pay attention to
safety.
如果你不注意安全，只会自讨苦吃。
②The naughty boy is always ________ ________， but now he is really
________ ________.
那个调皮的男孩总是捣乱，但他现在真得有麻烦了。
③The last thing I want to do is to ________ ________ ________
________.
我最不想给他惹麻烦。
④As everyone in the town knows him quite well, we ________ ________
________in finding his address.
因为镇上所有人都知道他，我们毫不费力找到了他的住址。 8．turn to (向他人)求助；转向；变成 归纳拓展
turn to sb. for help 向某人求助 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭
turn up (把声音)调大；出现 turn down (把声音)调小；拒绝 turn over 翻转；移交 turn in 上交，交出 turn out 结果是；生产 turn against 背叛 turn away 走开
turn into 变成，变为 即时应用
用turn的相关词语完成下列小片段。
The party was almost over, but Jane still didn't ①________(到场). Tom
was very disappointed. He didn't know why Jane didn't ②________(拒绝) his invitation if she didn't want to come. He ③________(打翻) the bottles on the tables, and the other guests left the hall in shock. Tom ④________(关闭) all the lights in the hall, ⑤________ the hall ________(变成) a world of darkness. No one could imagine how upset he was!
人教版高中英语必修一Unit 5 Nelson Mandela
