【英语】过去完成时知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)
一、初中英语过去完成时
1.By the end of last year they _________ thousands of orange trees on the mountains. A. had planted B. have planted C. were planting D. would plant 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:到去年末,他们已经在山上种植了上万棵橘子树。根据 By the end of last year , 可知句子时态为过去完成时,因此用had planted,故答案是A。 【点评】考查过去完成时,注意识记与过去完成时想搭配的时间状语。
2.Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert.
A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:西蒙举行第一次音乐会时,他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态,表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年,然后开了音乐会,表示过去的过去,应该用过去完成时:had+动词的过去分词,故答案为C。
【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义(过去的过去)和构成:had+动词的过去分词。
3.By the time I ________ on the TV, Beckham ________ two goals. A. turned; have scored B. turned; had scored C. had turned; have scored D. had turned; had scored 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:当我打开电视的时候,贝克汉姆已经进了两个球。本句是时间状语从句,by the time到…时候为止,用于一般过去时,可排除CD选项。从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时,需用“had+过去分词”结构,可排除A;根据句意结构,可知,故选B。
【点评】考查动词时态辨析题。
4.Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home.
A. has forgotten … comes B. forgot… come C. had left… came D. had left…would come 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了,因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。结合语境可知前文描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。下文指的是过去某时的动作,故用一般过去时态。选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,
首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。
5.By the time the alarm clock went off, My mother had already _________.
A. wake me up B. wake up me C. waken up me D. waken me up 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:闹钟响时,我妈妈已经把我叫起来了。根据句意,动词应用过去完成时,用had +动词的过去分词。wake up是动副结构,代词作宾语必须放中间,故选D。
【点评】考查本单元的目标句型,只要熟练背诵句型,找出答案很简单。
6.By the end of last month,I all the CDs of the famous singer.
A. collect B. collected C. have collected D. had collected 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】根据时间状语“by the end of last month”可知谓语动词发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。故选D.
【点评】此题考查动词时态。
7.The fireman________ the burning building three times before the fire was put out. A. is entering B. has entered C. was entering D. had entered 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:消防队员三次进入着火的大楼,才把火扑灭。A. is entering现在进行时;B. has entered现在完成时;C. was entering过去进行时;D. had entered过去完成时。根据 was put out,可知一般过去时,消防队员三次进入着火的大楼,动作已经完成,因此用过去完成时(表达过去的过去),had entered,故选D。 【点评】考查句子时态。注意过去完成时的用法。
8.The boy was _____ on the ground and he had _____ bicycle behind the big tree. A. lying; laid B. lying; lay C. lay; lain D. lied; lied 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:这个男孩躺在地上,他把自行车放在了大树的后面。lie有两个意思,躺下,这时过去式是lay,过去分词是lain,现在分词是lying;另一个意思是撒谎,过去式和过去分词是lied;lay可以作为lie的过去式,也可以做动词原形,意思是下蛋,放置,过去式和过去分词是laid。根据句意可知,第一个空是躺下,用的是过去进行时,故这里填现在分词lying;第二个空是放置,用的是过去完成时,故填lay的过去分词laid。选
A。
【点评】考查动词辨析,过去进行时态,过去完成时态。
9.By the time I got back to school, the bell______.
A. rang B. has rung C. had rung 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:当我返回到学校时,铃早响了。By the time…,在……时间前,经常用于过去完成时态。过去完成时态,表示动作发生在过去的过去。铃响发生在过去的动作回到学校之前,所以用过去完成时态。 A. rang一般过去时态;B. has rung现在完成时态;C. had rung过去完成时态。故选 C。
10.—What's up?—I missed the train. By the time I got to the train station, the train for 10 minutes.
A. had left B. has left C. has been away D. had been away 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:一怎么啦?一我错过了火车。在我到达火车站前,火车已经离开了十分钟了。A.had left过去完成时态; B.has left 现在完成时态;C.has been away现在完成时;D.had been away过去完成时。by the time,在......之前,是过去完成时的标志词,表示过去的过去的时间。和一段时间连用,动作应该是延续性的,leave对应的延续性状态是be away,故选D。
11.—We all went to the cinema except you last night. Why didn't you come?
—Because I that movie twice.
A. have watched B. had watched C. was watching D. would watch 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】“看过电影”这一动作发生在“没去影院”之前,是过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选B。句意是:—昨天晚上除了你之外我们都去电影院了,你为什么没来?—因为这部电影我已经看过两次了。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法,表示过去的过去。
12.By the time he at the railway station, the train .
A. had arrived; had left B. arrived; had left C. arrived; left D. had arrived; has left 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】由语境可知,到达火车站发生在火车离开之后,故排除A、D两项。by the time引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句则用过去完成时,故选B。
【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。
13.She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes.
A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:她说当她到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got可知,电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态,应该用过去完成时,所以排除A和C。开始begin,电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态,要用延续性的动词,所以要将瞬间动词begin改为be on,故选D。
【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。
14.Mary thought of the party which she___________ for this day.
A. plan B. planned C. had planned D. would plan 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:玛丽想起了她今天计划的聚会。plan的动作发生在thought of的动作之前,表示过去的过去,要用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选C。 【点评】考查过去完成时的构成和用法。注意过去完成时表示过去的过去含义。
15.My parents ______________ to work by the time I ______________ up. A. began; get B. began; had got C. had begun; had got D. had begun; got 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我起床的时候,我的父母已经开始工作了。began开始,一般过去时;had begun开始,过去完成时;get up 起床,一般现在时;had got up起床,过去完成时。by the time到……时候,从句用一般过去时, 表示“截止到从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成,即过去的过去”,主句用过去完成时,故选D。 【点评】考查动词的时态。注意by the time的词义和用法。
16.Mr Brown was too busy ______ our papers _______ this question. A. to mark, to answer B. to mark, answering
C. marking, answering D. marking, to answer 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:布朗先生忙着写论文来回答这个问题。根据句意可知布朗先生正在写论文,然而写论文这个事情是发生在过去,所以要用过去进行时,所以要用making,这里面写论文是为了回答问题,表示目的所以answer之前应该加to。故选D。 【点评】考查固定搭配too…to…,及动词不定式表目的。
17.—Did you see Tom at the party? —No, he _________ by the time I got there.
A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——在聚会时你见了汤姆了吗?——没有,我到达的时候他已经离开了。got,一般过去时,离开在到达之前已经发生了,因此使用过去完成时,故答案是C。
【点评】考查过去完成时,注意过去完成时表达的是过去的过去。
18.She_______ballet before she entered film industry.
A. has practiced B. had practiced C. will practiced D. would practiced 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:在进入电影业之前,她练习跳芭蕾。本句考查过去完成时,在她进入电影业之前为“过去的过去”;即过去完成时;故选B。 【点评】考查过去完成时。
19.When we hurried to the meeting room, the meeting _______.
A. had begun B. had been on C. has begun D. has been on 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:当我们赶到会议室的时候会议已经开始了。本句中会议开始的动作发生在我们到达会议室之前,所以表示过去的过去,用过去完成时,故选A
【点评】动词的时态是学习英语过程中非常重要的知识。而很多的题目,句中并没有像本题一样有明确的时间,很多要通过上下文的判断得知。过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去,本题不难,平时加强记忆,理解即可。
20.By the time she went outside, the bus ____ already ______ .
A. had, gone B. had, went C. has, gone D. has, went 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】这题考查时态的用法, by the time是连词词组,可以连接时间状语从句,“到什么时候为止”,主句一般和相应的完成时连用,因为从句是过去时,所以从句用