2021版高考北师大版英语大一轮复习能力提升题组训练：Unit 20 New Frontiers

Unit 20 New Frontiers 能力提升题组训练(A)

Ⅰ.阅读(2019高三双语报36期)

When people see machines that respond like humans,they sometimes joke about a future in which humanity will need to accept too many robots.But buried in the joke is a seed of unease.Science-fiction writings and popular movies have always shown us artificial intelligence (AI).It goes beyond the expectation of its creators and escapes their control,eventually outcompeting and enslaving humans or targeting humans for extinction.

Even in the real world,not everyone is ready to welcome AI with open arms.In recent years,as computer scientists have pushed the boundaries of what AI can accomplish,leading figures in technology and science have warned about the frightening dangers that artificial intelligence may pose to humans.But why are people so frightened about the idea of AI?

Elon Musk is one of the famous voices that have raised red flags about AI.In July 2017,Musk told attendees at a meeting of the National Governors Association,“I think people should be really concerned about AI.I keep sounding the alarm bell .But until people see robots going down the street and killing people,they don’t know how to react,because the current influence doesn’t seem so overwhelming.” Physicist Stephen

Hawking also expressed concerns about AI,once telling the BBC that the development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.

However,fears that AI will develop awareness and defeat humanity are grounded in misconceptions about what AI is,noted Weinberger,an associate professor.AI operates under very specific limitations defined by the algorithms (算法) that state its behavior.Some types of problems match AI’s skill sets well,making certain tasks relatively easy for AI to complete.“But most things do not match them,and they’re not applicable,”Weinberger said.

The other worrisome idea that a dishonest human would control AI for harmful actions is,unfortunately,far more likely,Weinberger added.Almost any type of machine or tool can be used for either good or bad purposes,depending on the user’s intent.But that misuse should not attribute to artificial intelligence. 1.What is behind people’s joke about AI?

A.Their fear for humans’ acceptance of AI. B.Their praise for AI’s role in human development.

C.Their pride in the achievements made in AI. D.Their concern about AI’s threat to humans.

2.The underlined word “overwhelming”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by .

A.fundamental B.powerful C.positive D.absolute

3.What do the algorithms do according to Weinberger?

A.Achieve AI’s fast progress in the future. B.Make AI more intelligent than humans.

C.Carefully define the boundaries of AI. D.Urge governments to make stricter laws.

4.What is Weinberger’s attitude towards AI? A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Curious.

语篇解读:本文是议论文。谈到了人类对人工智能的不同态度:有人认为人工智能的发展是对人类的威胁;而有的人认为只有被坏人利用时,人工智能才能变成他们作恶的工具。 答案及剖析:

1.D 细节理解题。根据第一、二段的内容可知,人们对人工智能开玩笑的背后,隐藏着他们对人工智能发展壮大的担忧,怕AI威胁到人类的生存。

2.B 词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容可以推断,除非看见机器人追杀人类,否则因为当前的影响看起来不大,人类不会对它们做出反应的。故划线单词可译为:巨大的,严重的。

3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,人工智能的行为受算法的特别限制,所以有的问题人工智能是不能完成的。可见,Weinberger认为人工智能能力的边界是受到严格限制的。

4.A 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的...fears that AI...are grounded in misconceptions about what AI is.以及最后一段The other worrisome idea...is...far more likely...可知,Weinberger既分析了AI战胜人类的错误观念,也表达了可能的担忧,所以他的态度是客观的。 Ⅱ.七选五(2019湖北十堰高三模拟)

Steps for a Successful College Application

When it comes to getting into the college of your choice,your college application is the most important tool you have in your hands.1. ,while a bad one can land you at the bottom.Keep the following tips in mind when you are going through the college application process and you’ll be on the road to admission.

Be Prepared 2. ,carefully look over all the questions and

requirements.Dedicate a page to each college with a checklist of everything you’ll need to submit,such as transcripts,recommendations,the essay,copies of awards/certificates,etc.

3. Former Records Technician,Carmen Huff,says the best thing students do is to get their applications early—or at least by the deadline.Colleges and universities receive so many applications that they don’t have the time to accept late ones.The more time you give the college or university to process your application,the more time you’ll

have to deal with any problems that might arise,Huff says.

Watch Your GPA and Test Scores

This is the first thing that most universities look at.For example,most four-year colleges don’t have a GPA requirement,but top Ivy Leagues(常春藤联盟) usually only accept students with a 3.5 or higher GPA.However,if your GPA is weak,don’t give up applying.4. .

Write an Amazing Essay

A great essay can help tip the balance in your favor.5. .Many colleges require two essays,one short and one long.What you write not only shows how literate you are,but also provides the reader with an impression of your values and beliefs. A.Be On Time

B.Be Patient and Determined C.When you have a test or an exam D.When you first receive the application

E.A great application can zip you to the front of the line F.So,take the time to think your essay through carefully

G.Instead,be sure to emphasize your other good qualities such as any awards or community involvement 答案:1-5 EDAGF Ⅲ.完形填空