新概念英语第二册笔记
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?
【New words and expressions】生词和短语(5)
until outside ring aunt repeat
prep. 直到 adv. 外面
v. (铃、电话等)响(rang, rung) n. 姑,姨,婶,舅母 v. 重复
★until prep.直到
until用于表示动作、状态等的持续,可译为“一直到……为止”或“在……以前”。在肯定句中,它与表示持续性状态的动词连用,表示持续到某一时刻:
I’ll wait here until 5. 我会在这里等到5点钟。
His father was alive until he came back. 直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的. 在否定句中,它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用,表示“到……为止”、“直到……才”: She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6点才能来。
His father didn't die until he came back. 直到他回来,他爸爸才死.
until(后的从句)的时间终止之前,这个动作做了还是没做?做了前面的主句用肯定;没做前面的主句用否定
For he ___A(C)___(wait) until it stopped raining. A. waited B. didn't wait
A. leave B. left C. didn't leave
I stay in bed until twelve o'clock. I didn't get up until 12 o'clock.
★outside adv. 外面(作状语) He is waiting for me outside. It is cold outside.
★ring(rang. rung) v.(铃、电话等)响
① vt. 鸣,(铃、电话等)响(这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事) Every morning the clock rings at 6. The telephone(door bell) is ringing.
而风铃等响要用jingle,jingle (bell) (铃儿) 响叮当 ② vt. 打电话给(美语中用call) ring sb. 给某人打电话 Tomorrow I'll ring you.
③ n. (打)电话 give sb. a ring
Remember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me. ④ n. 戒指
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新概念英语第二册笔记
★aunt n. 姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼) 男性则是uncle: 叔叔
他们的孩子:cousin 堂兄妹(不分男女)
cousin的孩子:nephew 外甥;niece 外甥女
★repeat v. 重复 ① vt. 重复
Will you repeat the last word?
They are repeating that wonderful paly. ② vi. 重做,重说 Please repeat after me. Don’t repeat. 【Text】
It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.'
'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said. 'What are you doing?' she asked. 'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.
'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'
参考译文:
那是个星期天, 而在星期天我是从来不早起的, 有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候. 上个星期天, 我起得很晚. 我望望窗外, 外面一片昏暗. “鬼天气!” 我想, “又下雨了. “正在这时, 电话铃响了. 是我姑母露西打来的. “我刚下火车, “她说, “我这就来看你. “ “但我还在吃早饭, “我说.
“你在干什么?” 她问道.
“我正在吃早饭, “我又说了一遍.
“天啊, “她说, “你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1点钟了!”
【课文讲解】
1、It was Sunday.
it指时间、天气、温度或距离,it被称为“虚主语”(empty subject)。作为第三人称单数的中性代词,it可以指一件东西、一件事件或用来指是什么人:
It is a lovely baby.
2、I never get up early on Sundays.
on Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天,与一般现在时连用,表示经常性的行为。
介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中:on Monday,on Monday morning,on that day 当使用last,next,this,that时,介词(以及定冠词)必须省略:
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新概念英语第二册笔记
I’ll see you next/this Friday.
never 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=助动词+not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词) I don't like her.=I never like her.
3、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 在表达卧床时bed前不需加冠词: It’s time for bed now.
You must stay/remain in bed for another two days. 你必须再卧床两天。
4、Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. just then: 就在那时
如果不知道对方性别, 他/她可以用it取代 Who are you?/Who is it ?
5、I've just arrived by train,
by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词, 复数);如果加修饰词, 就要换掉by用in或on I go out by bus.
I go out in/on two buses. (指具体的两辆车介词用in/on) Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea. 如果是特指的交通工具,则要加冠词或其他限定词: My aunt left by the 9:15 train.
by air 乘飞机 by boat 乘船 by car 乘小汽车 by plane 乘飞机 by ship 乘船
by bicycle/bike 骑自行车 by bus 乘公共汽车 by land 由陆路 by sea 由海路 by train 乘火车
6、I'm coming to see you. 我将要来看你.
用 come 的现在进行时态 be coming 表示一般将来,表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。同样用法的动词有:go,come,leave,arrive,land,meet,die,start,return,join…
7、Dear me!
天哪!英国人说Dear me!或My dear!
美国人说 : My god! 注意美英的发音不同.
【Key structures】
现在进行时和一般现在时
现在进行时表示说话的当时正在发生或正在发生的事件,也用来表示现阶段(一段时间)的动向。现在进行时常与now,just,still等副词连用:
I am working as a teacher. \现阶段\He is still sleeping. (现在还在睡觉)
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新概念英语第二册笔记
Jane is just dressing up. 简正在打扮。
一般现在时表示习惯性动作, 真理, 是过去、现在和未来都会发生的事情。一般现在时一般与频率副 词often,always,sometimes,never,frequently,rarely,ever等连用。
Helen never writes to her brother Tony. She sometimes rings him. 频率副词往往放在句子中的实义动词前, 非实义动词后;如果既有实义动词又有非实义动词, 要放在两个之间;疑问句中副词往往放在主语后面。在否定句中not必须放在always之前,而且也出现在generally、normally、often、regularly和usually之前;not必须出现在sometimes和frequently之后。表示肯定的速记可以用在句尾;在特别强调和需要对比时,frequently、generally、normally、sometimes、usually等副词可用于句首。
I get paid on Friday usually.
Very often the phone rings when I’m in bath.
非实义动词 : ① 系动词(be)
② 帮助动词构成时态的助动词(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has) ③ 情态动词(must, can, may) 除此之外都是实义动词.
I frequently go to bed hungry. (形容词作状语) He went to school hungry.饿着肚子上学. You must come here hungry.空腹来这里.
【Special Difficulties】
以what开头的感叹句:
在英语中可用what引导的感叹句来表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等感情,在感叹中主谓语采用正常语序。
What 对名词感叹,感叹句的结构为:What +a/an (+adj.)+n.(+主语+谓语)! What a good girl (she is)! (主、谓可省)
有上下文和一定的语境, 才能省略形容词。一般省略形容词表示批评或不大好的意思。 What a thing to say! 多么难听的话啊! What (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!
【Multiple choice questions】
5.He doesn't get up early on Sundays. He gets up ___a___ . a. late b. lately c. slowly d. hardly
late
lately
How are you going lately? 最近一段时间身体还好吗?
8 He ___a___ out of the window and saw that it was raining. a. looked b. saw c. remarked d. watched
look
watch
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新概念英语第二册笔记
11 Breakfast is the first ___d___ of the day. a. food b. dinner c. lunch lunch 中餐 food 食物 dinner 正餐
一天中最丰盛的那顿饭, 可能是中餐, 也可能是晚餐, 但决不会是早餐. meal 一顿饭
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d. meal
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