语法讲解一:一般现在时
一般现在时的讲解思路:
一、定义
二、一般现在时常用时间状语、时间副词 三、用法:1.肯定句:2. 否定句:
3.疑问句:4.特殊疑问句:
一般现在时的讲解以及练习题
一、 定义:一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。
例:(1).表示事物或人物的特征、状态。The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 (2).表示经常性或习惯性的动作。I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
(3).表示客观现实。The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二、一般现在时常用时间状语、时间副词 In the morning/afternoon/evening every week (day, year, month…) on Sundays (Monday, Tuesday…) at night, once a week,.
Always总是, usually通常, often经常, sometimes有时, never从不 三、用法: 1.肯定句:
(1) 句中有be(am,is,are)和情态动词时,
① be动词时,主语是I时要用am,主语是you时要用are,其他用is。 ② 是情态动词时,后面的动词用原型 ③ 例:I am a student.
You are very beautiful. She is my best friend.
He can do his homework by himself
(2) 没有be(am,is, are)动词和情态动词:
主语为第三人称单数(she ,he ,it )、单数可数名词、不可数名词的,动词要按规则加上s或es;主语是复数可数名词的肯定句,动词用原形。 例:①She(He, It )likes fish. 她(他,它)喜欢鱼。(主语为第三人称单数)
②The table has four legs.桌子有四条腿。(主语为单数可数名词) ③Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.水在100度沸腾。(主语为不可数名词)
They go to school every day .他们每天都去上学。(主语是复数可数名词的,动词用原形)
注意的问题:第三人称单数以及第三人称单数时动词的变化规则 在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚,现归纳总结如下: 1、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
3、单数可数名词或\单数可数名词\作主语时,是第 三人称单数。如:
①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 ③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及 指示代词this, that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 ③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 ④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦
四 动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, make-makes,
runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs 2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
练习1
? 1.Jenny ___ in an office. Her parents ___in a hospital.
? A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is working; work ? 2.One of the boys_____ a black hat. ? A have B there is C there are D has
? 3.Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.
? A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen ? 4. Jenny____ English every evening. ? A has study B studies C study D studied ? 5. The teachers ____(speak) English in class. ? 6. The teacher ____(speak) English in class.
2. 否定句:
(1)句中有be动词(am , is , are )或情态动词( , can , should)时,否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not,
I am not a teacher. He can not fly .
(2) 句中没有be动词(am , is , are )或情态动词( can , should)时,主语为第三人称单数的