2024-2024 年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-句子
1. — Someone wants you on the phone. — nobody knows I am here. (xx·新课标卷 25) A. Although B. And C. But D. So
【解析】选 C。本题要把握前后两个句子的逻辑关系。前半句为，有人给你打电话；后半句为，没人知道我在这儿，根据句意可知前后两句明显为转折关系，故选 C。 2. a strange plant! I've never seen it before. (xx·辽宁卷 33) A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether
【解析】选 B。what 引导一个感叹句。
简单句所涉及的考点主要包括感叹句和反意疑问句。一、感叹句 she sings! I have never heard a better voice. A. How beautiful
B. What beautiful song C. How beautifully D. So wonderful
【解析】选 C。此为“how＋副词＋主语＋谓语”形式的感叹句。简单句
感叹句的基本结构特点是：
What ＋ a(n) (＋ adj.) ＋ 单数可数名词(＋ 主语＋ 动词)! What ＋ adj. ＋ 不可数名词或复数可数名词！ How ＋ adj. /adv. (＋ 主语 ＋ 动词)!
How ＋ adj. ＋ a(n) ＋ 单数可数名词(＋ 主语＋ 动词)! 二、反意疑问句
考点 1.主从复合句后面的反意问句
I don't suppose our team might have been beaten by theirs last night, ？
A. do I B. might it C. hasn't it D. was it
【解析】选 D。陈述部分有 I don't suppose 时，反意问句应与其后的宾语从句的主谓一致， 本句的非推测句为： I don't suppose our team was beaten by theirs last night, 反意问句便是： was it。
如果陈述部分是主从复合句，后面的反意问句通常与主句的主谓一致。如果主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, imagine, guess, expect 等，后面的反意问句要注意 3 种情况： 1. 如果主语是第一人称 I, 后面的反意问句需与从句的主谓一致。
2. 如果主句的主语是其他人称，则后面的反意问句常需与主句的主谓一致。 3. 如果主句的动词是否定式，后面的反意问句要用肯定式。考点 2.强调结构后面的反意问句
It was at the gate that you met her, ？
A. wasn't it B. was it C. didn't you D. did you 【解析】选 A。强调结构“It is / was＋被强调部分＋that …”后的反意问句需与 It is / was 一致。
强调结构“It is / was＋被强调部分＋that …”后的反意问句需与 that 前面的主谓一致。考点 3.并列句后面的反意问句
The man works hard and he is the best worker in his factory, A. does he B. doesn't he C. is he D. isn't he
？
【解析】选 D。两个并列句后面的反意问句的主谓一般需与后一个分句保持主谓一致。 两个并列句(常见的连词有： or, and, but, while, for 等)后面的反意问句的主谓一般需与距离它近的那个分句的主谓一致。
考点 4.否定句后面的反意问句
He had little idea that it was getting so serious, ？
A. didn't he B. did he C. wasn't it D. was it
【解析】选 B。陈述句是含有否定词 little 的否定句，反意问句用肯定形式。
1. 前面的陈述部分有半否定词 hardly, rarely, scarcely, few, little, seldom 等时，反意问句用肯定形式。
2. 陈述部分虽有否定前(后)缀词(如： dis-， in-， un-， -less)时，反意问句仍要用否定形
式。
考点 5.祈使句后面的反意问句
Lily, help me put up the picture on the wall, ？
A. will you B. don't you C. are you D. didn't you
【解析】选 A。陈述句是肯定祈使句，反问部分用 will you。
1. Let's 开头(包括听话者), 反意问句用 shall we；Let us 开头(不包括听话者), 反意问句用 will you。
2. 其他形式的肯定祈使句后面，一般用 will you。考点 6.情态动词后面的反意问句
— I think it's high time that she made up her mind. — The police must have known all about this, ？
A. mustn't they B. haven't they C. mustn't it D. hasn't it
【解析】选 B。陈述部分用“must(may，might)＋v.-ed”表示推测时，若句中不带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词应该与 must(may, might)后的动词形式保持一致。 情态动词用于推测，后面的反意问句的谓语一般要与情态动词后面的动词相一致。考点 7. have 后面的反意问句
It's seven o'clock now. We have to leave for the cinema, ？
A. haven't we B. don't we C. isn't it D. wasn't it
【答案】选 B。
1. have 表“有”时，后面的反意问句的谓语可用 have 或 do 的适当形式。
2. have 表“让、吃、患”等意思时，后面的反意问句的谓语用 do 的适当形式。 3. have to 表“不得不”时，后面的反意问句的谓语要用 do 的适当形式。
4. have ＋ done 构成完成时时，后面的反意问句的谓语要用 have 的适当形式。
考点 8. 其他几种特殊的反意问句
例 1: There will be an English party tomorrow,
？
A. isn't there B. isn't it C. won't there D. won't it
【解析】选 C。在 there be 句型中，反意疑问句的主语用 there, 反意疑问句谓语部分视具体的助动词、情态动词或系动词而定。
考点 8. 其他几种特殊的反意问句 例 2: It's the first time that he has been to Australia, ？(辽宁锦州一中高中 xx 届高三第五次模拟卷)
A. isn'the B. hasn't he C. isn't it D. hasn't it
【解析】选 C。由句型 it's the first time that ＋从句可知，主语是 it, be 是 is。因此用 isn't it。
考点 8. 其他几种特殊的反意问句 例 3: — Alice, you feed the bird today, ？
— But I fed it yesterday. A. do you B. will you C. didn't you D. don't you
【解析】选 B。Alice 为称呼语， 后接一个祈使句，因此用 will you。 1. 陈述部分是 There be 结构时，反意问句的主语用 there 来充当。
2. I wish 表示愿望，后面的反意问句常用 may I。 3. I'm 开头，后面的反意问句常用 aren't I。
4. 以 So, Oh 开头的句子，若是肯定句，其后的反意问句也用肯定；若是否定句，其后的反意问句也用否定。
5. 在句型 It's the first/second/third…time that 从句中，在 It's＋时间段＋since 从句中，以及 It won't be long before 从句中等等，反意部分由前面 It＋be 来决定，与从句的谓语动词无关。
考点 1.转折并列句
例 1: We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ， in fact, there were 40.
A. while B. whether C. what D. which
【解析】选 A。分析两句的关系可知应该用表示对比的连词 while。并列句
例 2: Excuse me for breaking in, I have some news for you.
A. so B. and C. but D. that
【解析】选 C。 but 放在表示歉意的话之后，只起连接作用； but 的语义非常丰富，用法灵活多变。随着高考语境性意义的加强， but 出现的频率也越来越高，因为它在试题中对正确答案的选择起着重要的制约作用。下面是 but 的一些基本用法。
一、but 用作并列连词，意为“但是”，“然而”，表示转折意义。
Rick made some more records, but he wasn't as popular as he had been before. 里克虽然灌制了更多唱片，但不像以前那样受欢迎。 此时要注意 but 与 however 的区别。 however 表示“可是”，“但是”的意义时，常用作副词，可以放在句首、句中、句尾，并常用逗号将它与句子分开。 However，he didn't make his mark in the end.
2024-2024年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-句子(可编辑修改word版)
