新标准大学英语视听说教程1听力原文 - 图文

Unit 1 Starting out Outside view

Julie My name's Julie Dearden, and I'm the Director of International Programmes here at Hertford College. Eugene My name's Eugene Berger, I studied here in Oxford for four years er, studying modern languages at

Somerville College.

Julie Oh, there are many Oxford traditions. Oxford is a very old university, the oldest English-speaking

university in the, in the world. And so there are many traditions which are associated with the colleges, with the times of the year, and with sport, and with eating, for example.

Eugene Each college is very different um, from um, the others, and it has its own character. Some colleges

are very conservative, and some are much more liberal and have a tradition of um, kind of liberal politics. But there are also some specific traditions.

Julie Formal Hall is when we all eat together here in college, the professors and the students. Usually it

takes places at seven o'clock in the evening, and the professors sit on high table which is the table over here, and the students sit on common table, which are the tables here. But everybody eats together. It's a very beautiful evening because there are, there's a special meal and we eat by candlelight.

Eugene I think er, the traditions that make Oxford so unique are firstly the Oxford Union and er, secondly,

May Day. The Oxford Union being a debating society where speakers come from all around the world to address the students and even allow themselves to be questioned by the students, making it a very interesting forum.

Julie My favourite is er, May Day. And May Day is the first day of May, and we have a tradition called

May Morning, and on May Morning everybody gets up very early and the students have a celebration. There is a choir which sings on top of the tower at Magdalen College and all the people of the town and all the students go to listen to the singing. So it's very nice.

Eugene The tradition that er, was most important to me was probably Summer Eights. I was a rower. And

Summer Eights is a rowing competition, held in May in the summer term. And in this competition, each college is trying to improve its place which it won the previous year and gradually work its way up the river.

Julie When the students take exams, they must go to a special building and it's called Examination Schools.

And also they must wear a special uniform, so they wear E. gown like mine, a black gown, and they wear a white shirt, arid the men wear a white tie and black trousers. The women wear a white shirt and a black skirt or black trousers. And they must wear this uniform, which has a Latin name - sub fuse — and they must wear this uniform in order to take their examinations.

Eugene I think the Oxford traditions lend character to the place and it's such an old institution, it should

have traditions, but they can be very inconvenient. For example, sub fuse. This is the uniform that we are required according to the university rules, to wear.

Julie They also wear flowers in their buttonholes, and those flowers are carnations. And they wear different

colours, the students wear different coloured flowers for different examinations. So when you take your first exam you wear a white flower, and when you take your second exam you wear a pink flower, and when you take your final examination you wear a red carnation.

Eugene So we have to dress up in a full black suit, starched collar, white bow tie and carry a mortarboard.

And to write an exam in the summer heat whilst wearing all that which you're not allowed to take off is um, uncomfortable.

Julie I really like the Oxford traditions, I think it's part of our history, and part of um, being a student or a

teacher here at Oxford University.

Listening in Passage 1

Interviewer Can you tell me something about the Ivy League? You're a professor at Harvard, is that right?

Professor That's right, yes.

Interviewer Tell me how many universities are there? How many institutions?

Professor In total there are eight institutions: There's Harvard, Yale, Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth,

Princeton, and the University of Pennsylvania.

Interviewer Ah, OK. And what's the sporting ... I believe there's some link with sports.

Professor There certainly is, yes. Originally the Ivy League referred to the sports teams from the

universities which competed against each other, especially in football, basketball and ice hockey. Now sometimes these universities, institutions, chose their students on the basis of their skills at these particular sports. But in the last 50 years, Ivy League schools have accepted a wider range of students because it wasn't possible to be both world-famous for research and also top class in sport.

Interviewer And what about their academic importance? I gather they're academically very, very important,

they're very well-known.

Professor Absolutely at the top. They're near or at the top of the USA colleges and university rankings. And

they're almost always in the top one per cent of the world's academic institutions for financial resources. Interviewer And what does it mean socially to go to an Ivy League university?

Professor Certainly if you've been to one of these institutions, you are presumed or assumed to be at the top

end of the scale. The Ivy League institutions have a reputation for social elitism, many of the students are rich, intellectual, white Anglo-Saxon, protestants. Not all of them of course, but quite a lot of them. Interviewer And do you know ... why's it called the Ivy League, what's the origin of the name?

Professor There are a number of stories, derivations, but possibly it's based on four universities, and IV, the

letters IV, that's the Roman numeral for four. Another more likely story is that ivy plants, which are symbolic of the age of the universities, you know, would be grown at the walls of these universities, these institutions, they cover the walls of the buildings. The term was created by a sports journalist, I think in the 1930s.

Interviewer Right, OK. And which is the oldest university?

Professor The oldest goes back to the 17th century, that's Harvard which was founded in 1636. And the

youngest of the institutions is Cornell which was founded in 1865. Interviewer And which has the largest number of undergraduates?

Professor Cornell has the largest number, about 13,000, 13,500 undergraduates. The institution with the

smallest number is Dartmouth College with a little over 4,000. Interviewer And what about the acceptance rate? Is it hard to get into? Professor That ranges from about seven per cent to 20 per cent. Interviewer And any famous alumni? Famous old boys?

Professor Hundreds! Hundreds of them. But I suppose worldwide, the two that would be definitely known

all over the world would certainly be George Bush who went to Yale, and John F Kennedy, President Kennedy, who was at Harvard. Interviewer Thank you.

Passage2

Andy Did you see the film on television last night? Jane No, I was out. What was it?

Andy A Beautiful Mind. It's about John Forbes Nash, the mathematician who won the Nobel Prize.

Jane I've heard about that film, yes. He's played by Russell Crowe, isn't he? I like Russell Crowe, he's great. Andy That's the one, yes. Jane What's it about?

Andy Well, the story begins in the early years of Nash's life at Princeton University as a graduate student. Jane That's one of the Ivy League schools, isn't it?

Andy Yes, it's all set in New England, lovely old buildings, beautiful autumn colours. It's lovely to look at.

Anyway, Nash meets his roommate Charles, a literature student, who soon becomes his best friend. Nash admits to Charles that he is better with numbers than people, and the main thing he's looking for is a truly original idea for his thesis paper. Jane So he's not interested in having fun?

Andy Well, yes, but he's not very good with people or successful with women, that's all. But, you know, it's

one of these bad experiences with people which ultimately inspires his brilliant work in mathematics. Jane No good at relationships, so he becomes a genius at maths?

Andy That's about right, yes. So when he finishes his studies at Princeton, he accepts a job at Massachusetts

Institute of Technology. Five years later, he meets Alicia, a student who he falls in love with and eventually marries.

Jane Ah! At last, the love interest!

Andy Yes, but wait a moment. Nash believes that he's been asked to work by William Parcher for the US

Department of Defense on breaking Soviet codes. At one point he's chased by the Russians, and it's after this that he becomes mentally ill.

Jane I think I've seen this in the trailer to the film.

Andy So when he's put in a psychiatric hospital, he thinks the Soviets have captured him. He's given this

painful treatment which affects his relationship with his wife. And his intellectual skills. So he stops taking the medicine.

Jane It sounds quite hard to watch.

Andy Well, it is, but it's well acted and directed, and so, you know, there's a-bit of distance between the

audience and what's happening on film. Jane So what happens next?

Andy Well, then his illness returns, so he and his wife decide to try and live with it. It all gets a bit

complicated, because we're no longer sure if Charles, you know, his old friend, or even Parcher were real, or if they were just people that existed only in Nash's mind. Jane That sounds awful. He must have been so ill,

Andy Actually, I'm kind of giving away the twist in the story. Anyway, later in his life, while he's using the

library at Princeton again, he asks his rival Martin Hansen if he can start teaching again. And so the story ends when he goes on to win the Nobel Prize in Economics. Jane Well, it sounds like a great film. Andy Yes, you should see it sometime.

Unit 2 Food, glorious food! Outside view

Voice-over We were lucky to be invited into the kitchen at the Dooky Chase's Restaurant. Leah has been wo

rking in the restaurant for over 50 years. She told us about her life and she explained how to make a simple dish called \

Leah This is a very simple dish. First you get some shrimp. You can do this dish with chicken or shrimp, but

I like it with the shrimp better. So you just brown a little thing...

Interviewer And, and what's, what's the actual, what's the cooking in? Leah Butter. Interviewer OK.

Leah It just cook, so here you get a little cholesterol, but hey, that's it, a little cholesterol. Then you wanna g

et the garlic. So you see it works two forces. You get the cholesterol, and then you get a little garlic, cut out on the cholesterol, you see.

Interviewer OK. And where did you, where did you learn all the cooking?

Leah Well, my mother, you know. I'm the top of the line of 11 children, so you get to learn how to cook wh

ether you like it or not. You get to cook that way. Then here you want to add a little mushroom in here, this is just sliced button mushroom. If you like other mushroom, you can do that, we just saute that in there. You know, at home, when you, you have to cook, everybody had that turn in the kitchen. So this is a

dish that is used in several restaurants, but this is my own version. Some people do it different than this, but I like it this way, because I like the ... Can you smell the garlic in there? Interviewer Oh, yeah. Leah Alright?

Interviewer That smell is very strong.

Leah Uha, and then you want to add your peas. It's very, very simple. Interviewer And did you, did your mu

m run the restaurant as well?

Leah No, no, my mother-in-law. My mother-in-law had this restaurant before I came in. And she started it i

n 41. I came in in 46. So, and I added many things. You have to understand in 41. Now here we can add our potatoes. You see our shrimp is all cooked there.-Just add the potato. You can pre-cook your potatoes. You can boil them, or in this case, we, we blanch them a little bit. In that and just toss together, and you get one, you get just one casserole like here. And you can put a little pepper on it. Give it a good dash of pepper. A little salt. It's very simple, but it's a good dish. And as I said, you can do it with chicken breast or shrimp. You see? Toss it and get it there.

Interviewer And what do you, what do you call the dish?

Leah A shrimp Clemenceau. And I, I really don't know how it got that name, but it's popular in this area. Bu

t as I said, some people do it a little different. You can take wine at this point. You can hit a little wine in there if you like it, but I, I just don't like to kill the taste of the butter and the garlic. I like that a lot. And you can take the parsley, always parsley. Interviewer That's parsley, isn't it?

Leah Parsley. Uhm. And I'm gonna show you something that all Creoles keep in their kitchen. You see you

get kind of a like a dull look here. But every Creole has this paprika in their kitchen. And give it all a dash of paprika. And you get a little color there, you see? A little red color there. And it's very, very simple, great dish to eat. Not hard to make. You see? And you have a good dish.

Listening in Passage 1

Ben If it's a formal meal, maybe Thanksgiving or Christmas, or if you're with your boss or someone like that

, you are being careful about your table manners. So you'd wait until everyone is served before you eat. But most of the time,, if you know each other well you would just go ahead and start. It's more usual to entertain them at home because it shows your hospitality. We have a lot of barbecues outside, maybe in the garden or maybe at a campsite. But sometimes if you don't want to cook, you can go to a restaurant. Oh, well, after dessert you'll have a little talk, then talk some more, have some coffee. Then you'll say, \h well, it's time for us, we should get going.\stay too late.

Michelle Well, it would be between 8 and 8.30. It is unusual that if somebody is invited for 8 they would be

there at 7.30 or 7.45. Probably 8, or 8.30 would be when all the guests would arrive. It's OK to refuse something if you don't like it, but it might be embarrassing.For example, if I'm cooking dinner and I discover one of my

guests is a vegetarian, I'll feel a bit frustrated that I didn't know before. But usually everyone tries everything.

Tom Well, usually the host serves the guests, so you should make sure you tell him or her not to give you to

o much, because yes, it's quite important to eat everything on your plate. It doesn't matter if you leave something, but if you leave a lot, it will look as if you don't like their cooking.

My mother always told me to put my hands on my lap, under the table when I wasn't eating, and I would be in big trouble if I ever put my elbows on the table. But actually I know that in some countries that's considered rude. So I might rest my hands or my arms on the table, and I suppose it's a bit more relaxed today than it used to be when I was young.

No, it's the worst thing you can do if you're eating. Any strange noises are absolutely forbidden. I mean y

ou can say \es, you have to do it in silence, otherwise it's considered very bad manners. Passage 2

News-reader The government announced today that they are going to ban advertisements for junk food duri

ng TV programmes for children under the age of 16. The rules will include any foods that are high in fat, salt and sugar. There will be a total ban on ads during children's programmes and on children's channels, as well as adult programmes watched by a large number of children. But there will not be a total ban on all ads for junk food which are shown on television before 9 pm. This was thought to be \by representatives of the food industry. The new rules will come into effect before the end of December this year, and mean that television channels will lose about ￡39 million in revenue for advertising. So why has the government introduced this ban? We asked leading food and nutrition expert,

Neil Bennett. Neil Well, we all know that over the last 30 years, what we call junk food, bad food with too much fat and salt, has become easily available and eating habits have changed.

However, in recent years many of us have become aware of the importance of keeping fit and eating healthil

y, and this means people are not going to fast food restaurants so often. So, the result is that the fast food business has increased the number of ads in order to recover some of the business it's lost. News-reader And how do the fast food restaurants do this?

Neil The biggest problem is that they aim their ads at young people. One well-known fast food restaurant ch

ain sells hamburgers which come with a free gift, usually a toy which is linked to a new children's film. Other fast food restaurants aim their ads at teenage and college-age men, trying to make their food trendy and, you know, kind of masculine food.

News-reader So a ban on junk food ads will stop the sales of junk food?

Neil Almost certainly not, but it might reduce the growth of the fast food industry. News-reader So you're in favour of the ban?

Neil As a nutritionist, I am. As a father of two young children, I'm not sure. News-reader Why not?

Neil Because less money from advertising will mean less money for children's TV programmes. So we're lik

ely to see more cheap and violent cartoons, and fewer programmes produced specially for children. News-reader So the choice is between junk food and junk television? Neil Yes, that just about sums it up. N

ews-reader Neil Bennett, thank you

Unit 3 Learning to think Outside view Part 1

Teacher Good morning, class. Students Good morning.

Teacher What we're going to do today is start off looking at mind maps or mind mapping. Now have any of

you heard about mind maps before? Students Yes ... No ...

Teacher Yes. Some of you have, some of you haven't. OK. Have any of you actually used mind maps in the

past?

Students No ...

Teacher No? OK. Who can tell me what a mind map is? Student 1 It's a way of thinking.

Teacher It is a way of thinking. Mind maps are diagrams which help us to generate ideas, and also to

organize or structure our ideas related to a topic. What I'd like to do next is look at some of the uses or the reasons for using mind maps. What are some of the reasons for using mind maps? Student 2 To make a list?