语言学第七章知识点总结
Language is an essential part of a given culture. It is an indispensable carrier of culture. It is regarded as a mirror of society.
In primitive culture, the meaning of a word greatly depended on its occurrence in a given context.
Firth-Context of Situation -illustrate the close relationship between language use and its co-occurrence factors. 1. The relevant features of the participants, persons, and personalities
The verbal action of the participants; the non-verbal action of the participant 2. The relevant objects
3. The effects of the verbal action Speech Community
It refers to a group of people share the same rules of speaking and one linguistic variety as well. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Our language helps mould our way of thinking. Different languages may probably express speakers' unique ways of understanding the world.
1. Language may determine our thinking patterns
2. Similarity between languages is relative. For two different speech
communities,
the
greater
their
structural
differentiation is, the more diverse of their conceptualization of the world will be
This hypothesis has a strong version and a weak version The strong version: It refers to the claim that the original hypothesis makes, emphasizing the decisive role of language as the shaper of our thinking patterns.
The weak version: It is a modified type of its original theory, suggesting that there is a correlation between language, culture and thought, but the cross-cultural differences thus produced in our ways of thinking are relative, rather than categorial.
If a language has two basic color terms, it is identified as staying in the first stage of evolution. Modla-warm color mili-cold color
3 objectives for us to teach culture in our language class * to get the students familiar with cultural differences * to get the students transcend their own culture and see things as the members of the target culture will
* to emphasize the inseparability of understanding language and understanding culture through various classroom
practices.
Women Register-Robin Lakoff
1. Women use more fancy color terms such as \beige\
2. Women use less powerful curse words.
3. Women use more intensifiers such as \4. Women use more tag questions
5. Women use more statement questions. \will be ready at 5 o'clock?\
6. Women's linguistic behavior is more indirect and more polite
*It is not language itself but women's place in society that makes people linguistically behave in that way Communicative Competence
It refers to a language user's grammatical knowledge of syntax, morphology, phonology and the like, as well as social knowledge about how and when to use utterances appropriately.
语言学第七章知识点总结
