第二部分 语法知识贯通
专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
题组1 限时模拟
1.[2020北京朝阳区期末,8]Some people believe junk food, such as candy, cookies, and potato chips, (taste) good, but it’s not good for the human body.
2.[2020广东六校联考,61]In the early period of the 17th century, Chinese tea (export) to Europe.
3.[2020湖北八校第一次联考,62]Children younger than 12 (allow) only to play the game for a maximum of one hour a day, and after 9 pm, they would be banned from logging on(登录),said Tencent.
4.[2020河北石家庄重点高中毕业班摸底考试,61]Translated fiction sales in the United Kingdom (rise) by 5.5 percent last year, with growing demand for Chinese titles, said Nielsen Book on Wednesday.
5.[2020江西南昌重点中学高三段考,62]Power walking offers many benefits. Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph (burn) around 300 calories per hour.
6.[2020河南洛阳第一次联考,67]In recent years, the demand for goji has been rising and we (see)increasing numbers of buyers from overseas.
7.[2020广东惠州高三第二次调研,61]I recently heard a story about a famous scientist.When he (ask)why he was able to succeed,he gave his answer.
8.[2020江苏扬州期中调研,33]Now China (push) for a larger role in global economic policy-making.
9.[2020河北辛集中学考试,46]Since he became director of the Palace Museum, Shan Jixiang (bring) many changes to the world’s largest royal complex (建筑群).
10.[2020河南八市重点高中联考,41]For thousands of years, doctors (recognize) that childbirth can have a big effect on a woman’s mind and body.
11.[2020北京海淀区期末,1]The first time I saw May, she (sit) in my front yard, hugging my dog Harley.
12.[2020黑龙江大庆高三第一次联考,41]\ (associate) with a sense of worth, greater happiness and life satisfaction,\
13.[2020山东省实验中学高三阶段性检测,43]This was the first time George (feel) accepted by the people around him.
14.[2019河北唐山高三模拟,70]The variety of hats in Britain (reflect) its multicultural background and rich cultural heritage.
15.[2019湖北部分重点高中高三考试,65]Those companies could pay a fine when those chips (ship)back into the country.
16.[2019河北石家庄第一中学高三检测,50]I’m sure once you try it, you (agree). 17.[2019山西吕梁高三段考,45]Driving too close and braking (刹车) hard (be) the biggest causes of road rage.
题组2 精选真题
1.[2019全国Ⅱ,64]Picking up her \ (declare) she had no plans...Irene said...
2.[2019浙江6月,62]One study in America found that students’ grades (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
3.[2019北京,1]On the first day of my first grade...I (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, \
4.[2019江苏,29]A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith (fall)in love with the people and culture there.
5.[2019江苏,22]The musician along with his band members (give)ten performances in the last three months.
6.[2019全国Ⅲ,69]On the last day of our week-long stay, we (invite) to attend a private concert...
7.[2019天津,8]Amy, as well as her brothers, (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
8.[2018全国Ⅰ,64]While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life...
9.[2018全国Ⅱ,61]Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.
10.[2018江苏,31]Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we (develop)more convenient electronic communication tools by then.
11.[2018北京,9]A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days.
12.[2018天津,13]My washing machine (repair)this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
13.[2018浙江6月,60]...and I (shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 14.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),68]Later, engineers (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.
15.[2017丙卷(全国Ⅲ),69]My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school (come) first.
16.[2017浙江6月,62]Pahlsson and her husband (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing.
17.[2017北京,33]People have better access to health care than they used to, and they (live) longer now as a result.
18.[2017乙卷(全国Ⅰ),64]When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
19.[2017甲卷(全国Ⅱ),65]Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages...
20.[2017江苏,27]He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he (follow).
21.[2017天津,6]Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
22.[2017江苏,24]The publication of Great Expectations, which (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
23.[2016浙江6月,9]Silk (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
24.[2016北京,30]The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts (reward) with success in the end.
25.[2016丙卷(全国Ⅲ),62]Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
26.[2016甲卷(全国Ⅱ),63]If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back...Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.
27.[2016丙卷(全国Ⅲ),69]Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and (be) too violent for use at the table.
28.[2015天津,6]Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she (teach) a class at that time.
29.[2015湖南,28]He must have sensed that I (look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, \
30.[2015湖南,22]As you go through this book, you (find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
A专项语篇型填空(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致)
There 1 (be) a new modern art exhibition downtown for the last three days, which 2 (close) this coming Sunday. Having got two tickets for it, I 3 (consider) inviting my friend Tony to go along with me. I know that he 4 (finish) his paper by Sunday and can afford the time.
He once 5 (tell) me that he liked modern art, so I think he will be interested in this exhibition. Just this morning, when I entered my office, my colleagues 6 (talk) about it, and some of them said they 7 (go) to see it already. The exhibition 8 (hold) in ten more big cities in America after it goes to San Francisco next week.
I’ve just called Tony and he has agreed to go with me, saying that he 9 (look) forward to going to an exhibition for months. I will call for him this Sunday. I’ll go home for lunch now, as I 10 (starve).
B语法填空
[2020湖北黄冈高三检测]Honeybee populations in the United States 1 (decrease)
dramatically over the decades. And a new study suggests that a certain kind of pesticide could be making things 2 (bad).
The number of honeybees hasn’t changed much over the past few years, but the overall picture doesn’t look good for an insect that plays 3 important role in our food supply. Scientists don’t know for sure 4 this is happening. Pesticides and parasites (寄生虫)are the most suspected reasons, according to a study recently published in a scientific journal. One suggests that neonicotinoids, types of pesticides that 5 (use) around the world, are incredibly poisonous to honeybees and other insects. Part of the reason for that is that these pesticides appear 6 (stick) around in the environment and stay dangerous for a long period of time.
Though they’re deadly to insects, neonicotinoids are not considered dangerous to humans. An ongoing challenge 7 farmers is finding ways to keep other insects away while 8 (protect)bees. Pesticides may not discriminate the insects they kill, though neonicotinoid makers say the risk to bees is lower when they are used properly. The U.S. Department of Agriculture says it’s 9 (likely) that there’s one magic 10 (solve) to the problem, but there are a number of organizations trying to help honeybees.
题组1 限时模拟
1.tastes 根据语境可知,此处叙述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时;感官动词taste后接形容词作表语,应用主动形式表示被动含义;且taste对应的主语junk food为不可数名词,故应用taste的第三人称单数形式。
2.was exported 根据时间状语\可知,此处应用一般过去时;分析句子结构可知,export和Chinese tea构成被动关系,故填was exported。
3.would be allowed 根据语境并分析句子结构可知,allow是所在分句的谓语,和所在分句的主语构成被动关系;又根据第二个分句中的\可知,此处应用过去将来时,所以填would be allowed。 4.rose 根据空后的\可知,此处描述的是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填rose。
5.burns Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph是动词-ing短语作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式;本句陈述的是客观情况,所以用一般现在时,故填burns。 【知识储备】 单个的动词-ing(短语)、不定式(短语)以及从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。 6.have seen 根据该句中的时间状语\并结合题意可知,此处应用现在完成时,且主语为we,故填have seen。
7.was asked 根据该句中的\可知,他是被别人提问的,应用被动语态;此处叙述的是过去发生的事,要用一般过去时;且主语为he, 故填was asked。
8.is pushing 句意:中国正在争取在全球经济决策中发挥更大作用。由句意及Now可知,应用现在进行时,填is pushing。
9.has brought 句意:自成为故宫博物院院长以来,单霁翔给这个世界上最大的皇家建筑群带来了许多变化。since引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时,对应的主句应用现在完成时,且主语为第三人称单数,故填has brought。
10.have recognized 根据句意及时间状语For thousands of years可知,此处应使用现在完成时,且主语为doctors,故填have recognized。
11.was sitting 句意:我第一次见到May时,她正坐在我家前院,抱着我的狗Harley。根据句中的The first time I saw May可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,再根据句意可知,此处描述的是当时正在进行的动作,故应用过去进行时。
12.is associated be associated with sth.\与……联系在一起\为固定短语,且此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语为Living...space,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填is associated。
13.had felt 句意:这是乔治第一次感受到被周围的人认可。This was the first time that...句型中,that从句应使用过去完成时。故填had felt。
14.reflects 句意:英国帽子种类之多反映了其多元文化背景和丰富的文化遗产。此处叙述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时;主语部分为\可数名词复数\中心词为variety,谓语动词应用单数形式。
15.are shipped 句意:当那些芯片被运送回国的时候,那些公司可能就要支付罚款。根据句意可知,主句中的情态动词could不是表示过去,而是表示一种语气,因此本空所在的时间状语从句描述的是将来的动作,应用一般现在时表将来;chips与ship为动宾关系,故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。
16.will agree 句意:我确信一旦你试过,你就会同意。此处sure的宾语为含有时间状语从句的复合句,且遵循\主将从现\的原则,故此处应用一般将来时。
17.are 句意:开车离得太近和急刹车是公路暴怒的最主要原因。\与\刹车) hard\并列作句子的主语,谓语动词应用复数形式;句子描述的是一般事实,故应用一般现在时。故填are。 题组2 精选真题
1.declared 根据\可知,此处陈述过去发生的事,应用一般过去时,故填declared。
2.improved 分析句子结构可知,found后是that引导的宾语从句,且从句中缺少谓语动词,同时,根据主句谓语动词found和宾语从句中的after the school introduced可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填improved。 3.voiced 根据时间状语\可知,此处叙述的是一年级第一天发生的事,所以应该用一般过去时。
4.fell 句意:史密斯先生到中国几个月后,爱上了那里的人和文化。这里描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。注意fall为不规则变化动词,过去式为fell。
5.has given 句意:这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去的三个月里进行了10场表演。根据时间状语in the last three months 可知,句子应用现在完成时;along with连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词应与along with前的名词在人称和数上保持一致,故填has given。
6.were invited 分析句子结构可知,invite与主语we为动宾关系,且根据时间状语\week-long stay\可知,此处是在叙述过去的情况,故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为we,故填were invited。 7.was given 句意:上周埃米和她的兄弟们回到村庄时受到了热烈的欢迎。根据时间状语last week可知,应用一般过去时;此处表示\受到了热烈的欢迎\应用被动语态;as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词应与as well as前的成分在人称和数上保持一致,故此处应用单数形式。
8.is 此处是对客观情况的描述,应用一般现在时;分析句子结构可知,says后的宾语从句缺少谓语动词,又因主语是it,故填is。
9.has grown 由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知,此空应用现在完成时。
10.will have developed 句意:2025年,我们有望不再互相发电子邮件,因为到那时我们将已经开发更加便利的电子通讯工具。根据句中的时间状语in 2025与by then可知,空处应用将来完成时。
11.had been trapped 句意:一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。分析句子结构可知,空处在定语从句中作谓语,且trap与先行词tourists之间为动宾关系,此处应用被动语态;又因为此处表示在过去动作risked his life之前完成的动作,即\过去的过去\所以用过去完成时的被动语态。
12.is being repaired 句意:这个星期我的洗衣机在维修,因此我不得不用手洗衣服。语境表示现阶段正在进行的动作,而且washing machine与repair为动宾关系,故此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
13.was shocked 根据语境可知,此处表示\我很震惊\与主语Ⅰ为被动关系,同时根据后面的learnt可知,时态为一般过去时,所以填was shocked。
14.managed 因为engineers与manage之间为主谓关系,而且是发生在过去的事情,所以填managed。 15.comes 结合上句可知,此处应用一般现在时,且school是第三人称单数,故填comes。 【易错点拨】 动词如果使用一般现在时,要注意主语是不是第三人称单数。此题容易误填come。 16.searched 结合后面的\及语境可知,此处应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作,故填searched。
17.are living 句意:人们现在的医疗保健比过去更便捷,所以现在人们更长寿。根据题干中的时间状语now并结合语境可判断,这里应用现在进行时,叙述当前的情况。
18.are removed 结合句中的\可知应用一般现在时;fat and salt是动词remove的承受者,应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。
19.were used 结合常识可知,蒸汽机是过去的东西,而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
20.was being followed 句意:他匆匆回家,一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。根据\及句意可知,本题应该用过去进行时的被动语态。 【易错点拨】 本题易误填had been followed,错误的原因是没有弄清楚动作的先后顺序。had been followed是过去完成时的被动语态,但语境表明,跟踪的动作并未早于主句的动作发生,因此不能填had been followed。 21.is regarded 句意:如今,与慢跑和游泳一样,骑自行车被看作最好的全面运动形式之一。本句谓语与主语之间是被动关系,表示\被看作\应该用被动语态;句子主语部分是A along with B结构,因此谓语动词应在人称和数上与A保持一致,即用单数形式。再由Nowadays可知应用一般现在时,故is regarded。
22.was 分析句子结构可知,which指代Great Expectations这本书, 故定语从句中的谓语动词应用单数形式;根据句中的strengthened可知,应用一般过去时。故填was。
23.had become 句意:到大约公元前100年,丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上主要的交易商品之一。根据句意及\about 100 BC\可知,become的动作发生在过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
24.will be rewarded 句意:学生们一直在努力学习功课,他们的努力最终会获得成功。语境说学生一直在努力学习(have been working hard),由此可知本空描述的是将来的动作,应该用一般将来时;reward与their efforts 之间为动宾关系,因此这里应用一般将来时的被动语态。
25.be made 此处指真正雅致的筷子可能是由金和银做成的。make与句子主语Truly elegant chopsticks之间是动宾关系,又由空前的\可知,此处应填be made。
26.is 此处是说把不太重要的事情留到明天通常是可以接受的。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为动名词短语\故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,再结合前面的\可知,此处叙述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时。故填is。
27.were 根据句中的\可知,此处应用一般过去时;believed后的宾语从句的主语为knives,谓语动词应用复数。故填were。
28.will be teaching 句意:今天下午三点简不能出席会议,因为那时她将正在上课。由时间状语\
o’clock this afternoon\\可知,空处表示的是将来某个时刻正在进行的动作,故用将来进行时。
2021届新高考版高考英语一轮复习训练：第二部分专题一 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
