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2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考
英语试卷二 Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark, A.B.C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to ___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will ___2___ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will___3___.
In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School Of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked.
Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. ___7___ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would ___8___. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.
The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives for ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can ___12___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such ___13___ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do ___14___ things is a profound one.
Unhealthy curiosity is possible to ___15___, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to ___16___ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to ___17___ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the ___18___ of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine ___19___ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term ___20___ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity,” He says. In other words, don't read online comments.
1. A resolve B. protect C. discuss D. ignore 2. A refuse B. wait C. seek D .regret 3. A .rise B. last C. mislead D. hurt 4. A. alert B. tie C. expose D. treat
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5. A. message 6. A. remove 7. A. Unless 8. A. happen 9. A rather than 10. A. disagree 11. A. pay 12. A. begin with 13. A. withdrawal 14. A. self-destructive 15. A. resist 16. A. predict 17. A. remember 18. A. relief 19. A. whether 20 .A. limitations
【答案】 1. A resolve 2. C seek 3. D hurt 4. C expose 5. B trial 6. C deliver 7. D when
B. trial B. weaken B. If
B. continue B. such as B. forgive B. marriage B. rest on B. inquiry B. self-reliant B. define B. overlook B. choose B. plan B. why
B. Investments C. review C. deliver C. Though C. disappear C. regardless C. forget C. food C. learn from C. persistence C. self-evident C. replace C. design C. promise C. outcome C. where C. strategies D. concept D. interrupt D. When D. change D .owing to D. discover D. school D. lead to D. diligence D. self-deceptive D. trace D. conceal D. pretend D. duty D. how
D. consequences
8. A happen 9. B such as 10. D discover 11. C food 12. D lead to 13. B inquiry
14. A self-destructive
15. A resist 16. A predict 17.B choose 18. C outcome 19. A whether 20. D consequences
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 1
It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.
Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain?
. . . .
As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffiti desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.
But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype ... that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says. On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.
But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelor’s degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing, according to the National Skills Coalition, a nonprofit advocacy group. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.
In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them. Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.
Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.
21. A brokan bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of ___ A. mechanical memorization B. academic training C. practical ability D. pioneering spirit
22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who ___ A. are financially disadvantaged B. are not academically successful C. have a stereotyped mind D. have no career motivation
23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates ___ A. are entitled to more “educational privileges” B. are reluctant to work in manufacturing C. used to have more job opportunities D. used to have big financial concerns
24. The headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all ___ A. helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs B. may narrow the gap in working-class jobs C. is expected to yield a better-trained workforce
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语真题及答案详解
