2024届高三英语二轮强化训练
专题二 语法填空（新闻时事类）
A
Sugary Drink Consumption Plunges in Chile After New Food Law
Four years after Chile embraced the world’s most 1.__________(sweep)measures to combat mounting obesity, a partial verdict on their effectiveness is in: Chileans are drinking a lot fewer sugar-laden beverages, according to a study published Tuesday.
2.____________(consume) of sugar-sweetened drinks dropped nearly 25 percent in the 18 months after Chile adopted a raft of regulations that included advertising restrictions 3.___________ unhealthy foods, bold front-of-package warning labels and a ban on junk food in schools. During the same period, researchers recorded a five percent increase in purchases of bottled water, diet soft drinks 4.___________ fruit juices without added sugar.
The law is far-reaching. It includes mandatory package redesigns 5.__________ erased cartoons like Tony the Tiger from sugary cereal boxes, and a series of black stop signs that 6.____________ appear on the front of packaged foods and beverages high in salt, sugar, fat or calories.
7.___________(avoid) having to display the dreaded stop signs on their products, companies like Nestlé, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo have reformulated hundreds of products, 8._____________(reduce) the amount of sodium in salad dressings and substituting artificial sweeteners for sugar in carbonated drinks.
Experts say 9.__________ is too soon to know whether the food regulations are making a dent in Chile’s obesity rates. But the early results could embolden 10.______________(policymaker) in Chile. 答案：
1.sweeping 2.Consumption 3.on 4.and 5.that 6.must 7.To avoid 8.reducing 9.it 10.policymaker 【词汇拓展】
；跳水 其他关于“下降”的表达： 1.plunge vi. 暴跌，骤降（to dive or fall fast）
nosedive、plummet、slump、tumble
2.embrace measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 近义表达：take measures to do sth. embrace更强调accept sth. willingly and start supporting it embrace vt. 拥抱
embrace the future 拥抱未来
3.combat obesity 对抗肥胖症 obesity n. 肥胖症 combat vt. 与……作斗争；防止，抑制 combat crime 防止犯罪
4.mounting adj. 增加的，正在加剧的
5.sweeping adj. 彻底的 a sweeping victory 彻底的胜利 a sweeping reform 全面的改革
6.a verdict on sth. 对某事的判断、意见 verdict n. 意见，判断；裁决 Has the jury reached a verdict？陪审团有结果了吗？
We find this person guilty or innocent. 我们判定此人有罪/无罪。
7.sugar-laden beverage 高糖饮料 laden v. 装载，装满（lade的过去分词） n.-laden 充满某物
a fat-laden meal 非常油腻的一顿饭 the smoke-laden air 满是烟味的空气
8.a raft of… 大量的……（a large number of…） 9.bold adj. 醒目的，显眼的；加粗的
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10.mandatory adj. 法定的，强制性的 The mandatory retirement age of men is 60.男性的法定退休年龄是 60 周岁。
11.dreaded adj. 令人畏惧的 a dreaded disease 一种令人畏惧的疾病 12.substitute A for B 用 A 来替代 B
13.make a dent in sth. 削弱某物；取得进展
The COVID-19 has made a dent in our economic growth.这次疫情，会稍微削弱我们的经济增长。
The garbage sorting is making a dent in our waste problems.垃圾分类，使得我们在废物处理的问题上初见成效。
14.embolden sb. 鼓舞某人（it makes you feel confident enough to behave in a particular way）
B
As a New York Times correspondent in China, I covered the SARS outbreak in 2002 and 2003 1.____________ a novel coronavirus was first detected in Guangdong. My two children 2.____________(attend) elementary school in Beijing throughout the outbreak.
The International School of Beijing, where my children were students, was one of the few in the capital that stayed open throughout the SARS outbreak.
The school instituted a bunch of simple precautionary policies: a stern note to parents 3.____________(remind) them not to send a child to school who was sick and warning them that students would 4._____________(screen) for fevers with ear thermometers at the school door. 5.___________ was no sharing of food at lunch. The teacher led the kids in frequent hand washing throughout the day at classroom sinks, while singing a prolonged “hand washing song” to ensure they did more than a cursory pass under the faucet with water only.
6._________ those precautions in place, I observed something of a public health miracle: Not only did no child get SARS, but it seemed no student was sick with 7.______________ at all for months on end.
The World Health Organization declared the SARS outbreak 8.___________(contain) in July 2003. But, oh, those habits persisted. The best first-line 9.____________(defense) against SARS or the new coronavirus or most any virus at all are the ones 10._____________ Grandma and common sense taught us, after all. 答案： 1.when 2.attended 3.reminding 4.be screened 5.There 6.With 7.anything 8.contained 9.defenses 10.that 【词汇拓展】
1.correspondent n. 通讯员，记者（reporter/journalist） correspond vi 通信
2.institute vt. 建立一套系统/规则/法律程序（to start sth. such as a system, rule, or legal process） institute n. 机构，学院
institute new measures 制定新措施
institute criminal proceedings 提起刑事诉讼
3.a bunch of 一堆（a number of things of the same type） a bunch of flowers 一束花 a bunch of keys 一串钥匙
小心的 构词：（往前的）4.precautionary UK /pr??k????n?ri/ US /pr??kɑ???neri/ adj. 预防性的，pre-+ cautionary
（警告、劝诫的）
a precautionary step/measure 预防性措施
5.stern adj. 严厉的，坚定的 a stern warning 严厉警告 a stern expression 严肃的表情
6.screen UK /skri?n/ US /skri?n/ vt. 筛查 screen n. 屏幕 screen sb. for sth. 检查某人是否携带某物
All babies are to be screened for the infection.所有婴儿都要接受感染筛查。 7.ear thermometer 耳温枪/耳温计 forehead thermometer 额温枪 8.prolonged adj. 长时间的，拖长的
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9.cursory adj. 粗略的，草率的（hasty） a cursory glance 匆匆瞟了一眼 10.on end 持续地（without interruption） It rained for days on end. 雨连续下了好多天。
11.first-line adj. 首选的 first-line treatment/therapy 首选疗法
C
Inside the Race to Contain America’s First Coronavirus Case
It started with a stubborn cough. A visit to an 1._____________(urge) care facility. A test being sent off to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. And then a 35-year-old resident of Snohomish County, Wash., who had returned from visiting family in Wuhan, China, the epicenter of the outbreak, being named the first confirmed case of the coronavirus in the United States.
At the Snohomish Health District, the staff of 113 2.____________(pour) 1,000 hours 3.__________ coronavirus control since the patient’s test was sent to the C.D.C..
Within the United States, containing the virus is a local 4.____________(responsible). It is health officials at the county and municipal level 5.__________ are scrambling to isolate the sick, learn where they have been and monitor those who have come in contact with them. Health workers are also debunking rumors, calming fears and bracing for the 6.____________(expect) emergence of new cases.
The Snohomish County patient has been discharged from the hospital with 7._____________(instruct) from doctors to remain 8.____________(isolate) at home for now. Snohomish health officials declined 9.___________(release) his name.
The man said he was continuing to get 10._____________(well) and he thanked those who had cared for him. He expressed a desire to return to his normal life and “not to be in the public eye.” 答案： 1.urgent 2.has poured 3.into 4.responsibility 5.who/that 6.expected 7.instructions 8.isolated 9.to release 10.better 【词汇拓展】
1.inside sth. 在……里面（在新闻标题中，常指揭示某新闻内幕）
2.contain vt. 遏制（to stop sth. from spreading or escaping） Doctors are struggling to contain the epidemic. 医生们正在尽力遏制疫情的传播。
contain vt. 控制（to control strong feelings of anger, excitement etc.） contain oneself 控制某人自己
He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself.
3.stubborn adj. 难对付的（difficult to remove, deal with, or use） 近义表达：tough stubborn stains 顽固污渍 stubborn adj. 顽固的，倔强的
（determined not to change your mind, even when people think you are being unreasonable） a stubborn old man 倔老头
4.epicenter UK /?ep?sent?/ US /?ep?sent?r/ n. 事件发生的中心
（the place where the most important things happen and important decisions are made）；震中
（the place on the surface of the Earth that is right above the point where an earthquake begins inside the Earth） 5.scramble to do sth. 赶忙做某事（try to do something difficult very quickly） scramble vi. 爬 scramble up 向上爬 scramble down 向下爬
scramble over sth. 爬过某物 6.debunk vt. 驳斥，揭穿
（to show that an idea or belief is false） His claims were later debunked by fellow academics. 他所声称的内容后来被学术同行们给揭穿了。
7.brace for 为困难做准备、做防备 brace oneself for sth. = be braced for sth. 自己做好准备应对某事
基地已经做好准备应对袭击。 The base was braced for an attack.
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2024届高三英语二轮复习强化训练 专题二 新闻时事类语法填空
