科技英语写作
数词
分数：Eight ninths 九分之八；three fifths 五分之三；seven tenths 十分之七；one seventh
七分之一； one fourth/a quarter 四分之一；one/a half 二分之一
小数: a few tenths 零点几（十分之几）；a few hundredths 零点零几（百分之几）；a few
thousandths 零点零零几（千分之几）；a few millionths 百万分之几
表示：分数表示法+of a/an +单位（单数形式） 例：seven parts per million=seven parts in 10的6次方 百万分之七
Three parts per thousand=three parts in 10的3次方 千分之三
A third part in 10的6次方 百万分之三 A seventh part in 10的3次方 千分之七
翻译：
1.这只是汽化热的千分之几
译：This is only a few thousandths of the heat of vaporization. 2.这药丸重零点零几克。
译：This pill weighs a few hundredths of a gram.
3.要使Vbe变化零点零几伏，就可以使基极电流发生明显的变化。
译：By varying Vbe only a few hundredths of a volt,the base current can be changed significantly. 4.输出是输入的100倍。
译：The output is 100 times the input. 5.其速度为光速的3/10。
译：Its speed is three tenths that of light. 6.施加在该物体上的力为原来的2/5。
译：The force exerted on the body is two fifths what it was. 7.这只箱子比那只重5倍。
译：This box is six times heavier than that one. 8.该数值几乎比理想值大了3.5倍。
译：This value is nearly 4.5 times greater than the ideal one. 9.这个音符的波长比在空气中同一音符长了两倍多。 译：The wavelength of this musical note is over three times longer than that of the same note in air.
练习
1.该电路中的电流为电源的短路电流的一半。
The current in the circuit is one half the short-circuit current of the source. 2.这种蓄电池的内阻仅为零点零零几欧姆。
The internal resistance of this kind of storage battery is only a few thousandths of an ohm. 3.其误差为6/1012.
Its error is six parts in 1012.
4.这台计算机储存的信息比那台多3倍。
This computer stores four times more information than that one (does). 5.月球的质量为地球的1/81。
The mass of the moon is 1/81 that of the earth.
6.不久的将来对这种设备的需求量将为现在的20倍。
The demand for this kind of equipment in the near future will be 20 times what it is. 7.这个元件上的电压为零点几伏特。
The voltage across this component is a few tenths of a volt. 8.现在其内部的压力是原来的1/3。
Now its internal pressure is one third what it was.
冠词
练习
一、1. There has been __ an___ ever greater interest in this subject.
2. The power rating is the maximum power the resistor can safely dissipate without too great ___ a __ rise in temperature.
3. Its primary disadvantage is _an ____ increase in noise.
4. _The____ successful design of the equipment requires __a__ detailed knowledge of the performance specifications.
5. In _the____ Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, __a___ single electron revolves around _ a _ single proton in a circle of radius R.
6. The unit of frequency is _the ____ hertz.
7. If ___a__ voltage is applied across __a___ circuit, __an___ electric current will flow in __ the__circuit.
8. __/__ Fig. 5-1 shows __/ ___ Oersted’s experiment. 9. We should use _an____ 18-volt battery here.
10. _A___ machine is _ a____ device for transmitting force to accomplish _ a_ definite purpose. 11. __The__ hydraulic press will be considered in __/ __ Chapter 14.
12. _The___ study of fluids in motion is one of __the___ more difficult branches of mechanics because of __ the___ diversity of phenomena that may occur.
13. It is easy to determine ___the_ value of _ the(/)____ parameter μ. 14. By _ /_ Eq. (2-1) we have __ the ___ following relation. 15. It is necessay to use __an ___ S-shaped tube here.
16.The authors work at __the___ University of Texas at __ / ___ Arlinton. 17.This is ___an __ R-bit transformer.
18.__An ___ XOR gate must be used here.
II、将下列句子译成英语注意正确地使用冠词 1、这是一个h参数。 This is an h parameter.
2、现在我们转向讨论一下局域网.
We turn now to a discussion of local area networks.
3、质谱仪是与光谱仪一样重要的仪器。
The Bainbridge mass spectrometer is as important an instrument as the optical spectrometer. 4、必需求出为使一个电子通过这一段导线需要多长的时间。
It is necessary to find out how long a time is required for an electron to travel the length of the wire.
5、物质的密度是其每单位体积的质量。
The density of a substance is its mass per unit volume. 6、地球的半径为6.37×106米。
The radius of the earth is 6.37×106m. 7、这两个参数是相同的。 The two parameters are the same.
8、压力的增加总会引起体积的减少。
An increase in pressure always causes a decrease in volume. 9、图2-5画出了式2-2所表示的情况。 Fig.2-5 shows what is expressed by Eq.2-2. 10、电感的单位是亨利。
The unit of inductance is the henry.
11、输入信号太大会引起非线性失真。
Too large an input signal can cause nonlinear distortion. 12、利用斜率的定义，我们能导出表示直线的方程。
Using the definition of slope, we can derive the equation which represents a straight line. 13、f (x+h)-f(x)这一表达式经常用在学习微积分中。
The expression f(x+h)-f(x) is frequency used in the study of caculus 14、能写成以下形式的方程被称为含有一个未知数的线性方程。
An equation which can be written in the following form is known as a linear equation in one unkown.
15、在计算机中趋势是以尽可能高的时钟速率工作。
In a computer, the tendency is to operate at as high a clock rate as possible. 16、锡的熔点没有铅的高。（要求使用“have as … as”句型） Tin does not have as high a melting point as lead (does). 17、这个平均速度是末速度的一半。
This average velocity is half the final velocity. 18、电可以容易地被转变成其它形式的能量。
Electricity can be easily changed into other forms of energy. 19、1831年，美国的约瑟夫·亨利发现了电磁感应现象。
In 1831, Joseph Henry in the United States discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
20、计算机是有几部分组成的。
A computer consists of several parts/units.
定语从句
I、将下列句子译成英语，要求把划线部分用定语从句或含有定语从句的东西来表示
1.原子的大部分质量集中在原子核内，这就解释了为什么原子核在原子内部几乎是静止不动的。
Most of the atomic mass is concentrated in the nucleus, which explains why the nucleus is almost stationary within the atom.
2.法拉第是发现电磁感应现象的伟大科学家。Faraday was the great scientist who/that discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. 3.这是用来测量该参数的设备。
This is the device which /that is used to measure the parameter. 4.我们用来测量一个电阻上的电压的仪表称为电压表。
The meter (that /which) we use to measure the voltage across a resistor is called voltmeter. 5.要做的第一件事是确定这个容器内部的压力。
The first thing that is to be done is to determine the pressure within this container. 6.计算机是人类所曾有过的最有效的助手。
Computers are the most efficient assistants (that) man has ever had. 7.在这种情况下已经储存的任何信息将会丢失 In this case, anything that has been stored will be lost. 8.还有另一种力我们需要加以考虑。
There is another kind of force (that) we need to consider. 9.现在这种病不再是原来那样的严重问题了。
Now this disease is no longer the serious problem (that) it once was. 10.小型计算机的应用场合似乎是无止境的。
The places where small computers can be used seem (to be) endless. 11.雷达可以测出无线电回波返回所需的时间。
Radar can measure the time (that) it takes for the radio echo to return. 12.我们必须计算出该物体被提起的距离。
We must calculate the distance (that/through which) the body is lifted. 13.一个物体运动的方向也是很重要的。
The direction (that /in which) a body moves is also very important. 14.要确定这个放大器放大信号的倍数。
It is necessary to determine the number of times (that /by which) this amplifier amplifies signals. 15.我们只需要按一下这个按钮。
All we need (to) do is (to) press this button. 16.人们只能说原子是由更小的微粒构成的。
All one can say is that an atom consists of still smaller particles. 17.I1比I2大的多，在这种情况下I2可以忽略不计。 I1 is much larger than I2, in which case I2 can be neglected. 18.我们使这两个比值相等由此得到了最简式。
We equate these two ratios, from which the simplest formula follows/ results. 19.这里为什么使用这个元件的理由是很清楚的。
The reason (why/ for which/ that) this component is used here is quite clear. 20.需要确定y分量降为零的时间。
It is necessary to determine the time (when/ at which /that) the y-component has decreased to zero. 21.我们首先讨论其频率为恒定的波。
We first discuss the waves whose frequencies/ the frequencies of which are constant. 22.在这电路中可能存在的射频成分被电容器C所滤掉。
Any radio-frequency component (that) there may be /that (there) may exist in this circuit is filtered out by capacitor C.
23.我们能够找出几个条件来，其中只有两个是必要的。
We can find a few conditions, of which only two /only two of which are necessary. 24.其每一点的y坐标均为零的曲线就是x轴。
The curve the y-coordinate of each point on which is zero is just the x-axis.
II、将下列句子译成英语，要求把划线部分用以“介词+which”开头的定语从句来表示
1.该圆切割实轴的点处于α=ω处。
The point at which the circle cuts the axis of reals is where α= ω. 2.我们能求出与这两个等效的一个力。
We can find the single force to which these two factors are equivalent. 3.XL=XC的特殊频率称为谐振频率。
The particular frequency at which XL = XC is called the resonant frequency. 4.这些矢量不是按数字相加的方法加起来的。
These vectors are not added the way (in which/that) numbers are added. 5.重力意思是地球吸引物体的力.
The force of gravity means the force with which the earth attracts a body. 6.电子在其上面产生图像的显像管的表面称为荧光屏。
The surface of a picture tube upon which the electrons produce the picture is called the screen. 7.在电流流过的所有电阻中，电能被转换成了热能。
In all resistances through which a current flows, electrical energy is converted into heat energy. 8.力与其作用时间的乘积被称为冲量。
The product of a force and the time during which it acts is called impulse. 9这个电阻器是产生负偏压的电阻器。
This resistor is the one across which the negative bias is developed. 10.磁铁能在使其运动所靠近的导线中引起电流
A magnet can cause an electric current in a wire near which it is moved. 11.把热转换成功的任一机械装置被称为热机。
Any mechanical device by which heat is converted into work is called a heat engine. 12.作者要感谢本书所属的那套丛书的编辑们
The author would like to express thanks to the editors of the series of which this book is a part/ to which this book belongs.
科技英语写作
