Review: Translate the following phrases into Chinese1. Duodenal ulcer2. Gastric ulcer3. Acute stress ulcers4. Gastric erosions5. Gastric fluid6. Rectal examination7. Occult blood test8. Physical signs9. Systolic / diastolic blood pressure10. haemoglobinconcentration11. Large substantiated haematemesis12. fluid melaena13. Serum calcium levels14. Double contrast barium meal15. Routine emergency endoscopy16. Recurrent bleeding17. Esophageal varices18. Conservative management
Unit 8Dictation Exercise1.miracle 2. lengthen3. life span 4. ‘top ten’list5. technical feats 6. entire7. define 8. transfer9. site 10. individual11. latter 12. term13. donor 14. recipient15. biology 16. victim17. organ 18. exceed
??New Words and Phrasesmanipulation: n.处理, 操作, 操纵; 推拿术e.g. massage manipulation 按摩手法acupuncture manipulation 针刺手法clone: to reproduce or propagate asexually genome: n.a complete haploid (单倍体) set of chromosomes with its associated genes 基因组, 染色体组; 染色体及其相关基因的一个完整的单倍体组e.g. Man has a genome of 23 chromosomes. ???deaminase: any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of compounds containing the amino group 脱氨(基)酶lipase: any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis(水解) of fats into glycerol(甘油) and fatty acids e.g. gastric lipase 胃脂肪酶pancreatic lipase 胰脂肪酶?erythropoietin: 促红细胞生成素a glycoprotein(糖蛋白) hormone that stimulatesthe production of red blood cells by bonemarrow. Produced mainly by the kidneys, the hormone is released in response to decreased levels of oxygen in body tissue ?intermittent: stopping and starting at intervals ??vector: an organism, such as a mosquito or tick(蜱,壁虱) that carries disease-causing microorganisms from one host to another 带菌者; 传播病菌的媒介hemodialysis:血液透析a procedure for removing metabolic waste products or toxic substances from the bloodstream by dialysis dialysis: n.透析, 分离Hemodialysisis performed on patients whose kidneys have ceased to function; the process takes place in an artificial kidney, or dialyser(透析器).?????fulminant: 暴发性的occurring suddenly, rapidly, and with great severity or intensity (e.g. fulminanthepatitis 暴发型肝炎) hepatocyte: 肝(实质)细胞a parenchymal(实质) cell of the liverporcine: 猪的of or resembling swine (猪) or a pig anticytokine: 抗细胞因子exponential: n.[数]指数adj.指数的, 幂数的exponent: 指数;幂
?graft: material, especially living tissue or an Difficult words and Phrases of the Text?transplantation: the implantation of an organ or tissue from one part of the body to another or from one person (the donor) to another (the recipient)?procurement: the overall process of acquiring a product or service 获得, 取得?xeno-transplanationxeno-→different; foreign 不同的;外国人, 外来的xenograft= heterograft: A type of tissue graft in which the donor and recipient are of different species 异种移植; 一种移植体与受体不同的组织移植类型?germ-line: a sequence of cells, each descended organ, surgically attached to or inserted into a bodily part to replace a damaged part or compensate for a defect移植物; 通过外科手术联接或植入身体一部分用以替换受损部分或修补缺陷的材料,尤指活组织或活器官?realm: a field, sphere, or province界; 某个领域、界或范围(the realm of science科学界)?fantastic: adj.幻想的, 奇异的, 稀奇古怪的, 荒谬的?publicize: to give publicity to 宣扬; 引人注意; 广为宣传; 推销?firestorm: an intense, violent outburst from many sources 大爆发 ?adenoviral: from earlier cells in the lineage(谱系), which will develop into new sperm and egg cells for the subsequent generation 细胞系,种系;从受精卵到原始生殖细胞的分裂过程中,所有能形成配子的细胞?nurture: 养育;给…以营养; 培养;教育?incentive: n.动机; 刺激;鼓励adj. 激励的?primate: 灵长类的动物?rodent: n.啮齿动物?encode: 编码?Epo: erythropoietin (促)红细胞生成素 adenovirus: any of a group of DNA-containing viruses that cause conjunctivitis(结膜炎) and upper respiratory tract infections in humans 腺病毒; 呼吸系统病毒?implantable : adj.可植入的;可移植的?miniaturization:n.小型化?pan-→全, 总, 泛?arena: (古罗马的斗技场)比赛场所, 活动场所; 活动范围; 界 ?immunogenicity: describes the quality of a substance which is able to provoke an immune response against the substance. A measure of how able the substance is at provoking an immune response against it. 免疫原性, 指诱导宿主产生免疫应答的能力,具有这种能力的物质称为免疫原(immunogen)?explicit: 明白的,清楚的?vocal: 自由表达意见的; 哗然?proponent: n.支持者;拥护者?pharmaceutical: of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists 制药的;调药的?chimerism:嵌合现象the quality of being a chimera; in genetics, the presence in an individual of cells of different origin, as of blood cells derived from a dizygoticco-twin
pepsinogen:the inactive precursor to pepsin, formed in the cells of the mucous membrane of the stomach and converted to pepsin by hydrochloric acid during digestion Helicobacter:a genus of gram-negative, spiral-shaped bacteria that is pathogenic and has been isolated from the intestinal tract of mammals, including humans helico-→螺旋spir/o-→spiral; respirationspirobacteria= spirillumany of various aerobic bacteria of the genus Spirillum,having an elongated spiral form and bearing a tuft of flagella 螺旋菌New Words and Phrases???perforate:to pierce, punch, or bore a hole or holes in; penetrate刺穿、刺、戳洞;穿透perforation: the creation of a hole in an organ, tissue, or tubeexquisitely:exquisite: intense or sharp 极度的, 强烈的; 微妙的, 灵敏的e.g. an exquisite ear for music 对于音乐非常灵敏的耳朵suffering the most exquisite torment 遭受极大的痛苦vulnerable:susceptible to physical injury or attack ?? ??????pylori:(pl.)pylorus the passage at the lower end of the stomach that opens into the duodenum precipitous:extremely rapid, hasty, or abrupt; tantamount:equivalent in effect or value(be) tantamount to 相等于, 相当于eradication:the process of removing something permanentlycohort:n.军队, 一群a generational group as defined in statistics age cohorts 年龄分组college-age cohort 大学适龄青年 ??susceptibility:the quality or condition of being susceptiblee.g. susceptibility to disease 疾病感染性susceptible:easily influenced or affected易受影响的e.g. be susceptible to coldsoperant:adj. of, relating to, or being a response that occurs spontaneously and is identified by its reinforcing or inhibiting effects操作性的; 指按照反应的结果而不以产生反应的刺激来说明反应的retrievable:capable of being regained especially with effort 可获取的, 可挽救的