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There is a visit to the ancient Roman capital of Utica with its The final day fantastic mosaics and then a coach to Tunis International Airport.
Part 2 Passage
Mexican Gray Wolf
1) After more than a century of assault by humans, the wolf population had dwindled to no more than a handful by the 1970s in Mexico and the American southwest.
2) The program is now about halfway to meeting its goal of a \at least 100 wolves covering more than 12,800 square kilometers. 3) Decisions about mating, movement among the 45 captive-breeding facilities and releases into the wild are made by a US-Mexican committee of scientists, landowners and others.
4) A wolf with rare genes - until it has successfully reproduced - will never be released because of the high mortality rate in the wild.
5) The recovery program is gradually moving away from freeing captive-born wolves, as the population of pups born free takes off.
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Francisco and Sheila were pioneers in a federal program in Eureka, 32 kilometers southwest of St. Louis, the United States, to restore the endangered Mexican gray wolf, the rarest and most genetically distinct subspecies of gray wolf in North America.
After more than a century of assault (攻击，袭击) by humans, the wolf population had dwindled to（减少到） no more than a handful by the 1970s in Mexico and the American southwest.
The research center, popularly known as the Wolf Sanctuary*, was founded in 1971 by Marlin Perkins, a world-renowned（世界知名的） naturalist and former director of the St. Louis Zoo, and his wife Carol. Besides the Mexican wolf, the sanctuary works with the endangered red wolf （赤狼）, maned wolf（鬃狼）, swift fox（草原狐） / and African wild dogs（豺狗）.
In the late 1970s, the last seven known wolves were captured in the wild or taken from zoos to begin the breeding program（育种计划）. In 1981, the first captive-bred（人工繁殖的，圈养的） litter （幼狼） of Mexican gray wolves produced in the federal program was born at the Wild Canid Center, and the first release into the wild（放生） took place in 1998. The program is now about halfway to meeting its goal of a \kilometers.
Though in captivity（在繁殖场） themselves, Francisco and Sheila taught their pups so well that many are thriving in the wild. They were ideal parents. They raised 25 babies, taught them good survival skills and sent many of them off to live on their
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own.
Nine of Francisco and Sheila's offspring were among the first 11 captive-born Mexican gray wolves released in 1998. Both parent wolves have since died - Francisco at age 14 in December. Sheila at age 16 in June 2000 - but they lived, as captive wolves often do, roughly twice as long as wolves in the wild. Today the Wild Canid Survival and Research Center in Eureka estimates that 98 percent of Mexican wolves released from the federal program are descendants of the prolific* lobo* pair.
About 250 lobos now live in captivity at 45 US and Mexican facilities. The Wild Canid Center, however, has produced more puppies and housed more Mexican grays than any other facility.
The Wild Canid Center is ideated* on 25 isolated hectares within Washington University's Tyson Research Center. The wolves live in large outdoor enclosures with minimal human contact. They learn to hunt, raise young, live in natural family packs, and to be suspicious of people - all necessary skills for surviving in the wild.
Decisions about mating, movement among the 45 captive-breeding facilities and releases into the wild are made by a US-Mexican committee of scientists, landowners and others. They also maintain a genetic database. A wolf with rare genes - until it has successfully reproduced - will never be released because of the high mortality rate（死亡率） in the wild. It's not uncommon for freed wolves to be struck by cars or shot by hunters; in recent weeks, five have died.
Despite the losses, released wolves are reproducing. The recovery program is gradually moving away from freeing captive-born wolves, as the population of pups
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born free takes off （增加）. Scientists want to let nature decide what's a good wolf and what's not through natural selection.
A: Pre-listening Question
The wolf is a large member of the canine family. Most of the adult grey wolves weigh in the vicinity of 75 to 125 pounds (34 to 56 kilograms). Wolves live in family groups called packs. A pack is usually made up of a male parent, a female parent, their pups and a few other adult wolves that are the older brothers and sisters. Wolves can run up to 40 miles an hour and can easily cover 50 miles a day.
The wolf has developed the capacity to survive in the most inhospitable of climates. The wolves in the high arctic endure several winter months of perpetual darkness. Even in February when the sun returns to the north, temperatures of -40°C and bitter winds are common. In the wild wolves can live up to 13 years or more; in a protected wolf park or a controlled area of land, a wolf can live to be up to 16 years old. B: Sentence Dictation
Directions: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.
C: Detailed Listening
1 Directions: Listen to the passage and complete the information about a Mexican gray wolf research center.
1) The research center's known as: the Wolf Sanctuary
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2) Location: in Eureka. 32 Kilometers southwest of St. Louis. the United States 3) Founding: in 1971 4) Purpose: to restore the endangered Mexican gray wolf 5) Founder: Marlin Perkins. a world-renowned naturalist and former director the St. Louis Zoo. and his wife Carol
2. Directions: Fill in the blanks with events connected with the following time
expressions.
1) In the late 1970s: The last seven known wolves were captured in the wild or taken from zoos to begin the breeding program.
2) In 1981: The first captive-bred litter of Mexican gray wolves produced in the federal program was born at the wild Canid Center. 3) In 1998: The first release into the wild took place.
D: After-listening Discussion
Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions. 1) Francisco and Sheila were pioneers in a federal program. Though in captivity themselves, they taught their pups so well that many are thriving in the wild. They were ideal parents. They raised 25 babies, taught them good survival skills and sent many of them off to live on their own. Nine of Francisco and Sheila's offspring were among the first 11 captive-born Mexican gray wolves released in 1998. Both parent wolves have since died - Francisco at age 14 in December.
施心远主编《听力教程》3_(第2版)Unit_4答案
