2018年八年级英语下学期期末考试复习
【教学目标】
1、Units1-5重要句式复习; 2、Units1-5语法复习和讲解。 【教学重点】
1、重点词汇讲解和记忆;
2、及物动词与非及物动词的讲解。 【教学难点】
1、Could you please的运用。 【进门得分】
1. 句型转换。(每小题1分,共5分)
1. We enjoyed ourselves in the party yesterday.(改为同义句) We _______ _______ at the party yesterday.
2. Mother was cooking while I was doing my homework. (对划线部分提问)
_______ ________ your mother ________ while you were doing your homework? 3. She had a map in order to get lost. (改为否定句)
She had a map ________ _______ ________ ________ get lost.
4. The old man couldn’t find anywhere to live. (改为同义句) The old man could _______ _______ to live.
5. She is good at singing and dancing. (改为同义句) She _______ _______ _______singing and dancing.
【教学内容】
一、词汇精讲 1. compare
compare 意为“比较,对照”,compare A with B意为“把A和B进行比较”;compare A to B
意为“把A比作B”。例如:
Her beauty is beyond compare. 她无比美丽。 I cannot compare my car with yours. 我无法将我的车和你的进行比较。
His poem compares poorly with yours. 他的诗做得不如你的好。
He compared Beijing to the heart of China. 他把北京比做中国的心脏。
A teacher's work is often compared to a candle. 教师的工作常被比作蜡烛。 2. try
(1)try作动词,意为“尝试,努力”。try to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事,尽量去做某事”,try doing sth.
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意为“试着做某事”,强调尝试做某事。例如:
Try not to be late for school again。尽量别再迟到了。
I often try practising English with foreigners. 我经常试着和外国人一起练习英语。
(2)try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽(最大努力)力做某事”。例如: I’ll try my best to arrive there on time. 我会尽力按时到达那里。 3. win
win强调赢得“比赛、游戏、战争”,获得“名次、奖品”。例如: a prize得奖 a game赢得比赛 win a honor赢得荣誉 a battle 赢得战斗 a match赢得比赛
a scholarship赢得奖学金 二、句式精讲
1. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn't mind taking risks. (1)mind意为“介意,在乎”,主要用于疑问句和否定句。作不及物动词常用于Do (Would)
you mind if...句型中,用来表示请求对方的许可,即询问对方“是否介意(说话人)做某事”。如果同意、不反对别人做某事,答语用否定形式; 如果不同意、反对别人做某事,答语用肯定形式。一般多用I am sorry...或I’m afraid...等以缓和语气。例如:
—Do you mind if I smoke? 你介意我抽烟吗? —Not at all, please. 一点也不。
—Would you mind me opening that door? 你介意我开门吗? —I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed. 对不起,这是不允许的。
(2)作及物动词,后面通常接名词、代词、动词-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。例如:
Would you mind my closing the window? 你介意我关上窗户吗? 【注意】
Would you mind doing sth.? 这一句型通常用来表示请他人做某事,常意为“可否请你做……”或“劳驾你做……”。答语与前面的Do (Would) you mind if...句型的答语相同。例如:
-Would you mind making some room for the patient? 你介意给这位病人让点地方出来吗?
-Certainly not. 当然不介意。
2. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.
used to do sth是一个固定句式,意为“过去经常做某事”,后面用动词原形,表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作,并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。含有used to的句子,其各种句式变化如下:
肯定句:We used to go camping every summer. 我们过去每年都要去露营.
否定句:I didn’t use to live there when I was a child. 当我是孩子时,我就不常在那里住。
一般疑问句:Did you use to be afraid of snake? = Used you to be afraid of snake? 你过去害怕蛇吗?
特殊疑问句:What did you use to like eating? = What used you to like eating? 你
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过去喜欢吃什么?
【注意】含有used的其他常见词组和used to do的区别:
(1)be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”,是动词短语use …to do的被动语态结构。
例如:Cups are used to drink. 杯子是用来喝水的。
(2)be /get used to doing something和be /get used to sth.意思是“习惯于做某
事”和“习惯于某事/物”, to后接动词-ing形式。例如:
My sister has got used to getting up early. 我妹妹已经习惯早起了。 I am not used to the weather here. 我不习惯这里的天气。
3. Could you please clean your room?
Could you please+动词原形?是一个用来表示礼貌的请求的句子,与句型Would you please + 动词原形?意义相当。句子中的could虽然是can的过去式,但是在这里不表示过去时,而表示委婉和客气的语气。因此回答时,不能用could回答,要用原形can回答。此外,很多情况下,答语都不直接用can, 而用其他更加委婉的词。例如: -Could you please open the window?
-Yes, I can. 好的,可以。/ Certainly! 当然可以!
-No, I can’t. 不,不行。/ I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。 4. Why don't you talk to your parents?
(1)Why don’t you…? = Why not …? 意为“为什么不……呢?”,后面都是接动词
原形。是常见的提建议的句式之一。例如:
Why not go out for a walk? = Why don’t you go out for a walk? 为什么不出去散步呢?
(2)why not用在口语中表示赞同,意为“当然,好啊”。例如:
-Let’s go shopping tomorrow. 我们明天去购物吧。 -Why not? 为什么不呢?
5. When he woke up, the sun was rising.
when引导的时间状语从句,既可指与主句动作同时进行,也可指先后发生,从句中的
动作既可是延续性动词,也可是非延续性动词。若是同时发生且为延续性动词,则可与while互换;若when作并列连词,表示“就在那时,这时候”。例如: When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got out. 当外星人出来时,小女孩在购物。
We were watching TV when there was a knock at the door. 我们在看电视,这时有人敲门。 【拓展】
(1)while也可以引导时间状语从句,强调动作同时进行,从句常用进行时,其动词必
须为延续性动词或表状态。例如:
Could you look after my dog while I’m away? 我离开时,你能照看我的狗吗?
He came in while I was watching TV. 当我在看电视时,他进来了。
(2)as引导时间状语从句,多指主句和从句两个动作同时发生,常翻译为“一边……一边……”。例如:
They talked as they walked. 他们边走边谈。
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