Unit 4 Don’t eat in class
◆短语归纳
1. on time 准时，按时 2. listen to … 听……
3. in class 在课上 4. be late for 做……迟到
5. be quiet 安静 6. go out 外出
7. do the dishes 清洗餐具 8. make rules 制订规
9. make breakfast 做早饭 10. make (one’s) bed 铺床
11. be noisy 吵闹 12. keep one’s hair short 留短发
13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩
◆用法集萃
1. Don’t + 动词原形+其他， 不要做某事。 2. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的…… 4. too much +不可数名词 太多的 5. practice doing sth. 练习做某事 6. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 7. be strict in sth. 对某事要要求严格 8. keep + 宾语+形容词 使……保持某种状态 9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 10. have to do sth. 不得不做某事 11. leave sth sp. 把某物忘在某地 一．祈使句
祈使句表示命令、请求、劝告、征求对方意见等，一般省略主语（you）。 1．肯定祈使句一般以动词原形开头： Run in the hallways（走廊）.
2．祈使句的否定形式一般在动词原形前加Don’t:
Don’t run in the hallways. Be型（be+表语），否定形式：Don't be＋其他成分 例：Be quiet，please！ Don’t be late! Do型（实义动词+其他），否定形式：Don't＋动词原形＋其他成分 例：Come here，please！ Don’t play football here! Let型（let sb do sth)，否定形式：let sb not do sth No+n/V-ing 句型表达在某些场合“禁止某种行为”，或对某种行为进行劝阻，但并非所有的动词或名词都可以这样表达。 No mobile；No parking/smoking/talking
二．must与have to的用法 1.have to的相关用法：
have to意为“必须；不得不；只好”。
have to有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为has to。 其否定句和疑问句的构成要借助于do或does。例如： He has to do his work now.他现在不得不做他的工作。
Does she have to pay a fine?她非得交罚款吗？ 2.must的相关用法：
2.1 must是“必须”的意思时，表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要: 例如：He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。 2.2 must的否定用法:
must的否定式是在其后直接加not，并常缩写成mustn't的形式，表示 “禁止”。例如：You mustn't make any noise in class.上课时你们不许吵闹。 2.3表推测，暗含有很大的可能性，用在肯定句
例如：He must be ill. He looks so pale.他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。 2.4关于must的简短回答
例如：-Must I clean the dining room at once?我必须马上打扫餐厅吗？
-Yes, you must.是的。
-No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.不必马上打扫。 3.情态动词must和have的区别 3.1 must与have to的肯定用法
两词都是“必须”的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。 例如：
My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor at midnight. 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事） He said that he must work hard.
他说他必须努力工作。（主观上想要做这件事） 3.2 must与have to的否定用法
must的否定式是在其后直接加not，并常缩写成mustn't的形式，表示 “禁止”。而have to的否定方式，则用 don't / doesn't / didn't have to的形式，表示“不必”。 例如：
You mustn't make any noise in class.上课时你们不许吵闹。 He doesn't have to go to school today.他今天不必上学了。
三．副词also/too/either的辨析 这三个词均可表示“也”,其区别如下：
1.too多用于口语中，语气较轻，通常用于肯定句或疑问句，一般不用于否定句，且通常放在句末。如：
I like you, too.我也喜欢你。
2.also比too正式，一般也不用于否定句，它在句中的位置通常是紧靠动词，即放在行为动词之前，be动词、情态助动词之后。有时为了强调也放在句末(但不常见)。如： She is young and beautiful,and also rich.她年轻漂亮，而且有钱。 3.either通常只用于否定句，且要放在句末。如： I don't know,either.我也不知道。
◆典句必背
1. Don’t arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。
2. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？
3. And we always have to wear the school uniform. 并且我们总是不得不穿校服。 4. There are too many rules! 有太多的规则！
5. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! 不要把脏盘子留在厨房里！ 6. I have to keep my hair short. 我不得不留短发。
◆练一练
一．精挑细选
（ ）1. Please listen _______ the teacher carefully (认真地).
A. to B. on C. at （ ）2. She lost her bike. She _______ walk to school.
A. have to B. has to C. has （ ）3. We ________to wear the school uniform every day.
A. not have B. have not C. don’t have （ ）4. Gina often helps her mother ________the dishes. A. do
B. does C. doing
（ ）5._________you have to wear a hat today? — No, we don’t.
A. Are B. Can C. Do
（ ）6. I can’t relax_______.
A. too B. also C. either （ ）7. There are too many ________ in the kitchen.
A. vegetables B. milk C. rice
（ ）8. _________. Your father is sleeping in the room.
— Oh, sorry.
A. Not talk B. Not talking C. No talking
二. “译”展身手
Linda is an American girl. She is a good student. Every morning she gets up at 6:00. She has breakfast at home. ( 1 ) Then she wears her uniform and goes to school. She studies hard every day. ( 2 )她在餐厅吃中饭when she is at school. After school, ( 3 )she does her homework first, and then she cleans the room and ( 4 )帮助她妈妈做晚饭. Before she goes to bed, she usually reads some books. Then at 10:00p.m. she goes to bed. ( 5 )She thinks she is happy every day. What do you think? ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) 三．快乐阅读：阅读下面的短文，选择正确的答案。 Dear Dave,
I’m not happy. There are too many rules in my house. It isn’t fair. I have to get up at five o’clock every morning. I can’t arrive late for school. I have to be there at eight o’clock. I have to come back home after school because I have to do my homework. In the evening I can’t watch TV because I have to help my mother make dinner and wash the dishes. I have to go to bed before ten o’clock. On weekends, I have to stay at home on Saturday morning. I have to clean my room and wash my clothes by eleven o’clock. On Saturday afternoon, I have to go to the children’s palace to
learn the piano. Do you have lots of rules? Are they fair?
Your friend, Alice
( )1. Who is the letter from?
A. Dave. B. Alice. C. Alice’s mother.
( )2. What time does Alice have to get up?
A. Five o’clock. B. Eight o’clock. C. Ten o’clock. ( )3. What does Alice have to do on Saturday morning?
A. Wash the dishes. B. Wash her clothes. C. Learn the piano. ( )4. Why does she go to the children’s palace?
A. To play football. B. To learn math. C. To learn piano.
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class语法点和练习题总结
