（2）句意：沙子由非常小的岩石、土壤和矿物质组成。根据rock, soil and minerals(矿物质)可知，这是几种成分，因此piece用复数pieces。故答案为：pieces。
（3）句意：但现在我们使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根据副词修饰动词可知，此处应用形容词quick的副词形式quickly修饰动词use“使用”。故答案为：quickly。 （4）句意：据英国广播公司报道，我们每年用大约150亿吨沙子建造房屋、道路和其他东西。根据固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物，可知此处用动词不定式to do做目的状语。故答案为：to。
（5）句意：人们还把沙子放进海里，制造新的岛屿。由语境和音标[si:]提示可知，填：sea。故答案为：sea。
（6）句意：例如，棕榈岛由阿拉伯联合酋长国迪拜的三个大型人工岛屿组成的。由语境和音标[lɑ?d?]提示可知，填：large，three large man-made islands三个大型的人工岛屿。故答案为：large。
（7）句意：2010年，他们用9400万立方米的沙子建造。根据时间状语In 2010可知，本题的时态为一般过去时。动词take的过去式为took。故答案为：took。
（8）句意：如果人们继续使用这么多沙子，它会在很多地方用完。根据固定搭配keep doing sth. 继续做某事，可知此处应用动名词做宾语，动词use的动名词为using。故答案为：using。
（9）句意：由于人们需要这么多沙子，他们正试图开采更多的沙子。由语境和音标 [sins] 提示可知，填：since，表自……以来、因为、由于。句首单词首字母要大写。故答案为：Since。
（10）句意：开采沙可能会导致海滩消失，在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水。根据beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海滩消失，在靠近大海的地方会发生更多的洪水，可知这些是开采沙所导致的后果，因此填：cause。may是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故答案为：cause。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
7．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was early and there weren't many people on the road. A girl on a bike passed me ________ (quick). She was riding on ice ________ suddenly she fell off her bike a few ________ (step) in front of me. She was trying hard to get up but fell again. Without thinking, I went over and helped her stand up. She said \words \school.
When I finally got to school, I was led into the classroom and ________ (ask) to sit beside a girl. I was so nervous. I knew some of the students were looking at me ________ I didn't dare to look at ________ (they). Soon the first class started. It was English. They used a different textbook from my old school and I didn't have a copy. As I was wondering what to do, a book appeared in front of me. \________ (share),\the girl next to me said. I looked up. It was the girl I ________ (help) that morning. What a surprise!
【答案】 quickly；when；steps；with；less；asked；but；them；share；helped 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者帮助了一个女孩，后来女孩也机缘巧合的帮助了他。 （1）句意： 一个骑自行车的女孩从我身边迅速经过。副词修饰动词passed，quickly是副词，迅速地，故填quickly。
（2）句意： 她正骑在冰上，就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。根据 She was riding和 suddenly she fell off，可知用when引导时间状语从句，表示就在那时，故填when。
（3）句意：她正骑在冰上，就在那时突然她从我前面几步远的自行车上摔了下来。a few修饰名词复数，step是名词，步子，故填steps。
（4）句意： 她对我微笑着说“谢谢你！”，然后骑车离去。with a smile，固定搭配，含笑，故填with。
（5）句意： “谢谢你”这句话温暖了我，这让我对我的新学校感到不那么紧张。此处是比较级表示看到微笑前后的不同心情，little的比较级是less，更少，故填less。
（6）句意： 当我最终到达学校时，我被带进教室，并要求坐在一个女孩旁边。 根据 was led into the classroom and可知and前后一致，都是一般过去时的被动语态，故此处省略助动词was，只填过去分词，故填asked。
（7）句意： 我知道有些学生看着我，但我不敢看他们。根据students were looking at me 和 I didn't dare to look at，可知此处表示转折关系，故填but。
（8）句意：我知道有些学生看着我，但我不敢看他们。根据，故填them。
（9）句意： 我旁边的女孩说:“我们一起用吧。” let后是动词原形，share，是动词，分享，故填share。
（10）句意： 是我那天早上帮助的那个女孩。 根据It was the girl，可知时态是一般过去时，故填helped。
【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意谓语的时态，语态，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。
8．用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
My seventh grade English teacher was named Mr. Forest. He had dark hair and a bushy(浓密的) beard. All of the student liked him because he picked out really good stories for us________(read) in class. Well, we all liked him until he________ (return) our graded homework.
When he gave back my paper, it looked like it________(cover) in blood. He________ (check) everything and made comments with a red pen .There were so many marks and comments that you couldn't even tell what I had written. Mr. Forest wanted me________(fix) everything. At that time, I was sure Mr. Forest didn't understand anything about being in the seventh grade. Why was he was strict with us? It seemed unfair! When I got older, though, I realized I was getting fewer and fewer of those red marks in my homework. By the time I got to high school, I was already a pretty good writer.
Now I am a teacher and I put red marks of my own on students\their problems. But I do it so that my students can be the best.
________ (learn)is like building a house. If you don't have strong bricks on the bottom, the home________(stand). If Mr. Forest had not been so strict with me with his red pen, I wouldn't
be who I am today.
【答案】 to read；returned；was covered；had checked；to fix；Learning；won't stand 【解析】【分析】大意：文章介绍了 Mr. Forest是一个很好的老师，但对我们非常严格，但他的严格使我成为一个很好的老师的故事。
（1）句意：因为他挑非常好的故事给我们在课堂上阅读。固定搭配，for sb. to do sth.给某人做某事。故答案为to read。
（2）句意：我们都很喜欢他，直到他归还我们的分级作业。根据并列谓语liked可知，本句时态为一般过去时。return的过去式为returned，故答案为returned。
（3）句意：它看起来好像被血覆盖了。根据动词looked以及it和cover的动宾关系可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词。根据主语it可知，be动词应用was，cover的过去分词为covered，故答案为was covered。
（4）句意：他已经检查了所有东西，并用红笔做了评价。根据check检查和 made comments 做评价可知，检查应在做评价之前，made comments为过去时，因此check应用过去完成时had+过去分词。check的过去分词为checked。故答案为had checked。 （5）句意： Mr. Forest 想要我订正所有的东西。固定搭配want sb. to do sth.想要某人去做某事。故答案为to fix。
（6）句意：学习就像建一个房子。根据句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，应用learn的动名词learning作主语，首字母大写。故答案为Learning。
（7）句意：如果你的底部没有强壮的砖头，家将不会立起来。根据if可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态为主将从现，主句应用一般将来时will+动词原形。又根据 If you don't have strong bricks on the bottom 如果你的底部没有强壮的砖头，可知是将不会立起来，应用will的否定won't stand。故答案为won't stand。
【点评】考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
9．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Do you speak emoji? If you use a smart phone, the ________ (answer)is probably yes. Emoji is a visual(视觉的) language, It can express ideas and feelings. Are you hungry? Let your friends know ________ sending them food emojis, like rice or pizza.
People use emoji a lot. One of the most ________ (popular) emojis is the face with tears of joy. \
Emo is modern, ________the idea is old .History shows that we've used symbols as language for about 5, 000 years. One of the oldest ________ (example)of visual language is Egyptian hieroglyphs(象形文字). Ancient Egyptians ________ (begin) using language symbol around 3250 B. C, according ________ John Darnell. He is an expert from Yale University.
Who invented emoji? In 1999, the Japanese company NTT Docomo took a heart picture off from its mobile system. As a result, it ________ (lose) many customers. So Shigetaka Kurita， a designer（设计师), put the heart back. And he made 175 more pictures. He called ________ (they) emoji, the Japanese word for picture characters.
Some people still do not see emoji as a language, but it does ________ (improve) our communication. Don't you think so?
【答案】 answer；by；popular；but；examples；began；to；lost；them；improve 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了网络表情的来由和现状。
（1）句意；如果你使用智能手机，回答很可能是的。根据空缺后面接is，可知做主语，填入名词，而answer可做名词，为答案，故答案为answer。
（2）句意：让你的朋友知道，通过给他们发送食物表情，如米饭或披萨。根据know和send them food emojis可知表示方式，空缺填入by，故答案为by。
（3）句意：一个最有名的表情是带着眼泪的脸。根据most后面加形容词原级，表示最高级，故答案为popular。
（4）句意：表情是现代的，但是这个想法很早就有。根据句子出现了modern和old，可知关系表示转折，填入but，故答案为but。
（5）句意；视觉语言最古老的例子是象形文字。根据one of后面加名词复数，可知空缺填入examples，故答案为examples。
（6）句意：古老的埃及文字在公元前3250年开始使用。根据句子提到3250B.C，可知句子应该用过去式，begin的过去式为began，故答案为began。
（7）句意：根据John Darnell。根据短语according to，根据，可知空缺填入to，故答案为to。
（8）句意：结果，它失去了很多顾客。根据这个行为发生在过去，可知句子应该用过去式，lose的过去式为lost，丢失，故答案为lost。
（9）句意：他把它们称为表情。根据短语call sth sth，把某物称为某物，可知空缺填入them，结合call后面加宾格，故答案为them。
（10）句意：但是它提高了我们的交流。根据do后面加动词原形，可知空缺填入improve，提高，故答案为improve。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉句子，结合语法知识，给出空缺单词的正确形式，即可。
10．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nine-year-old Jimmy was given a task in school to write a story on \祖先)\
In search of some ________ (answer) for his task. Jimmy interviewed his grandmother who of course ________ (know) nothing about the reason why Jimmy asked such questions.
When she was asked, \where did I come from?\his grandma was quite________(nervous). Why didn't he ask his parents? She had to be quite careful when talking ________ a kid about such a subject. She wanted to buy some time, ________ she replied,\sweetie , the stork(鹳鸟) brought you.\She said no________( much), hoping that the subject
would be dropped until Jimmy's parents came back. \ \ \ \ \
Jimmy's grandmother did not think anything more about his ________. Three days later, when she was tidying up and ________ (look) at Jimmy's desk, she read the first sentence of his paper,\For three generations(辈)there have been no natural births in our family\
【答案】 understand；answers；knew；nervous；with；so；more；me；questions；looking
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Jimmy询问奶奶祖辈的事情。
（1）句意：给孩子的目的是为了理解他们家族的故事。结合to后面加动词原形，可知空缺填入understand，故答案为understand。
（2）句意：为了寻找这个任务的答案。根据answer前面有some修饰，可知应该加名词的复数形式，故答案为answers。
（3）句意：Jimmy访问了他的外婆，她肯定不知道为什么Jimmy要问这样的问题的原因。根据空缺应该了定语从句，可知主语为grandmother，且文章用了过去式，应该填入know的过去式，knew，故答案为knew。
（4）句意：他的外婆很紧张。根据be后面加形容词原级，可知应该填入形容词nervous，故答案为nervous。
（5）句意：当和小孩讨论这样一件事情时她必须很小心。根据短语talk with，和……交谈，可知空缺填入with，故答案为with。
（6）句意：因此她回答道。根据句子前后描述的是因果关系，可知空缺的意义为因此，填入so，故答案为so。
（7）句意：她没有再说什么。根据前文提到她说话的内容时，并没有多说什么，可知空缺的意义为不多说，短语say no more，不多说，故答案为more。
（8）句意； 鹳鸟也把我给带来了。根据动词bring后面加宾格形式，可知空缺填入me，故答案为me。
（9）句意：Jimmy的外婆并没有思考关于他的更多的问题。根据前文提到Jimmy不停的询问外婆问题，可知空缺的意义为问题，填入questions，注意他提了很多问题，应该用复数，故答案为questions。
（10）句意；当她整理干净并且看着Jimmy的书桌。根据was后面加动词ing，可知空缺填入looking，故答案为looking。
【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识给出单词的正确形式，即可。
长沙市中考英语试卷分类汇编英语 语法填空(附答案)
