课题：典型盘套零件数控铣削加工工艺
毕业设计(论文)
分析及程序设计
系 部 ： 专 业 ： 班 级 ： 姓 名 ： 学 号 ： 导 师 ：
二O 年 月
摘 要
本文主要介绍了典型盘套零件的数控铣削加工工艺及其编程，开篇首先介绍了数控技术的概述，紧接着对零件图进行了简要的分析，然后确定零件的毛坯、定位基准、装夹方式、刀具、量具、切削用量等等，再制定出合理的加工方案，并制定相关的工艺文件，最后编制出零件的加工程序。
关键词：加工工艺；装夹方式；切削用量；程序
I
Abstract
Set, this paper mainly introduces the typical set of numerical control milling process and its programming, begins with the first introduced the overview of numerical control technology, followed by a brief analysis was carried out on the part drawing, and then determine the blank, the locating datum for the parts, the clamping way, cutting tools, measuring tool, cutting dosage, etc., to develop reasonable processing scheme, and formulate the relevant process documents, finally develop the parts processing program.
Key words: process;The clamping way;Cutting parameter;The program
II
目 录
摘 要 ······························································································ I ABSTRACT ····················································································· II 第一章 绪论 ····················································································· 1 1.1 数控机床的产生和发展 ································································ 1 1.2 数控加工的特点 ········································································· 2 1.3 本课题的主要内容及任务 ····························································· 2 第二章 零件的图样分析 ······································································ 3 2.1 零件的结构特点分析 ··································································· 3 2.2 零件的技术要求分析 ··································································· 3 第三章 零件的工艺规程设计 ································································ 5 3.1 毛坯的选择 ··············································································· 5 3.2 定位基准的选择 ········································································· 5 3.3 装夹方式的选择 ········································································· 5 3.4 表面加工方法的选择 ··································································· 6 3.5加工顺序的安排 ········································································· 6 3.6 工艺路线的确定 ········································································· 7 3.6.1 可能采取的工艺路线方案··········································································· 7 3.6.2 工艺路线方案比较······················································································· 8 第四章 设备及其工艺装备的确定 ························································ 9 4.1 机床的选择 ··············································································· 9 4.2 夹具的选择 ··············································································· 9 4.3 刀具的选择 ·············································································· 10 4.4冷却液的选择 ··········································································· 11 第五章 切削用量的选取 ····································································· 12 第六章 设计工艺和工序卡片 ······························································· 14 6.1 工艺过程卡 ·············································································· 14 6.2 数控加工工序卡 ········································································ 14 第七章 数控加工程序的编制 ····························································· 16 7.1 编程方法的选择 ········································································ 16 7.2 编程坐标系的确定 ····································································· 16 7.3 加工程序清单 ··········································································· 16 总 结 ·························································································· 22 致 谢 ·························································································· 23 参考文献 ························································································· 24
III
第一章 绪论
1.1 数控机床的产生和发展
数控机床(Numerical Control Machine Tools)是用数字代码形式的信息(程序指令)，控制刀具按给定的工作程序、运动速度和轨迹进行自动加工的机床，简称数控机床。数控机床是在机械制造技术和控制技术的基础上发展起来的，其过程大致如下：
随着电子技术的发展,1946年世界上第一台电子计算机问世,由此掀开了信息自动化的新篇章。1948年，美国帕森斯公司接受美国空军委托，研制直升飞机螺旋桨叶片轮廓检验用样板的加工设备。由于样板形状复杂多样，精度要求高，一般加工设备难以适应，于是提出采用数字脉冲控制机床的设想。 1949年，该公司与美国麻省理工学院(MIT)开始共同研究，并于1952年试制成功第一台三坐标数控铣床，当时的数控装置采用电子管元件。1959年，数控装置采用了晶体管元件和印刷电路板，出现带自动换刀装置的数控机床，称为加工中心( MC Machining Center)，使数控装置进入了第二代。1965年，出现了第三代的集成电路数控装置，不仅体积小，功率消耗少，且可靠性提高，价格进一步下降，促进了数控机床品种和产量的发展。 60年代末，先后出现了由一台计算机直接控制多台机床的直接数控系统(简称 DNC)，又称群控系统；采用小型计算机控制的计算机数控系统(简称 CNC)，使数控装置进入了以小型计算机化为特征的第四代。 1974年，研制成功使用微处理器和半导体存贮器的微型计算机数控装置(简称 MNC)，这是第五代数控系统。 20世纪80年代初，随着计算机软、硬件技术的发展，出现了能进行人机对话式自动编制程序的数控装置；数控装置愈趋小型化，可以直接安装在机床上；数控机床的自动化程度进一步提高，具有自动监控刀具破损和自动检测工件等功能。 20世纪90年代后期，出现了PC+CNC智能数控系统，即以PC机为控制系统的硬件部分，在PC机上安装NC软件系统，此种方式系统维护方便，易于实现网络化制造。
我国1958年试制成功第一台电子管数控机床，从1965年开始研制晶体管数控系统，到20世纪70年代初曾研究出数控臂锥铣床、非圆插齿机、数控立铣床、数控车床、数控镗床、数控磨床和加工中心等。20世纪80年代随着改革开放政策的实施，我国从国外引进了先进技术，并在消化、吸收国外先进技术的基础上，
1
典型盘套零件数控铣削加工工艺分析及程序设计资料
