设计
2020年4月19日
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曲柄连杆机构课程
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目 录
目录 ············································································································ 1 第1章 绪论 ································································································ 3 第2章 活塞组的设计 ················································································ 4
2.1 活塞的设计 ···················································································· 4
2.1.1 活塞的材料 ··········································································· 4 2.1.2 活塞头部的设计 ··································································· 4 2.1.3 活塞裙部的设计 ··································································· 5 2.2 活塞销的设计 ················································································· 5
2.2.1 活塞销的结构 ······································································· 5
第3章 连杆组的设计 ················································································ 6
3.1 连杆的设计 ···················································································· 6
3.1.1 连杆材料的选用 ··································································· 6 3.1.2 连杆长度的确定 ··································································· 6 3.1.3 连杆小头的结构设计 ··························································· 6 3.1.4 连杆杆身的结构设计 ··························································· 6 3.1.5 连杆大头的结构设计 ··························································· 6 3.2 连杆螺栓的设计 ············································································· 7 第4章 曲轴的设计 ···················································································· 8
4.1 曲轴的结构型式和材料的选择 ····················································· 8
4.1.1 曲轴的结构型式 ··································································· 8 4.1.2 曲轴的材料 ··········································································· 8
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2020年4月19日
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4.2 曲轴的主要尺寸的确定和结构细节设计 ······································ 8
4.2.1 曲柄销的直径和长度 ··························································· 8 4.2.2 主轴颈的直径和长度 ··························································· 9 4.2.3 曲柄 ······················································································· 9 4.2.4 平衡重 ··················································································· 9 4.2.5 油孔的位置和尺寸 ····························································· 10 4.2.6 曲轴两端的结构 ································································· 10
第5章 曲柄连杆机构的创立 ·································································· 11
5.1 活塞的创立 ·················································································· 11 5.2 连杆的创立 ·················································································· 11 5.3 曲轴的创立 ·················································································· 11 第六章 曲柄连杆机构静力学分析 ··························································· 13
6.1 活塞的静力分析 ··········································································· 13 6.2 连杆的静力分析 ··········································································· 13
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2020年4月19日
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第1章 绪 论
曲柄连杆机构是发动机的传递运动和动力的机构，经过它把活塞的往复直线运动转变为曲轴的旋转运动而输出动力。因此，曲柄连杆机构是发动机中主要的受力部件，其工作可靠性就决定了发动机工作的可靠性。随着发动机强化指标的不断提高，机构的工作条件更加复杂。在多种周期性变化载荷的作用下，如何在设计过程中保证机构具有足够的疲劳强度和刚度及良好的动静态力学特性成为曲柄连杆机构设计的关键性问题[1]。
经过设计，确定发动机曲柄连杆机构的总体结构和零部件结构，包括必要的结构尺寸确定、运动学和动力学分析、材料的选取等，以
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2020年4月19日
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满足实际生产的需要。
在传统的设计模式中，为了满足设计的需要须进行大量的数值计算，同时为了满足产品的使用性能，须进行强度、刚度、稳定性及可靠性等方面的设计和校核计算，同时要满足校核计算，还需要对曲柄连杆机构进行动力学分析。
为了真实全面地了解机构在实际运行工况下的力学特性，本文采用了多体动力学仿真技术，针对机构进行了实时的，高精度的动力学响应分析与计算，因此本研究所采用的高效、实时分析技术对提高分析精度，提高设计水平具有重要意义，而且能够更直观清晰地了解曲柄连杆机构在运行过程中的受力状态，便于进行精确计算，对进一步研究发动机的平衡与振动、发动机增压的改造等均有较为实用的应用价值。
本文以捷达EA113汽油机的相关参数作为参考，对四缸汽油机的曲柄连杆机构的主要零部件进行了结构设计计算，并对曲柄连杆机构进行了有关运动学和动力学的理论分析与计算机仿真分析。
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2020年4月19日
曲柄连杆机构课程设计
