级，而形容词最高级之前必须加顶冠词the。 3. (2004年河北省中考试题)
Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as
【解析】答案：B。该提考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。空白处所缺的词是修饰动词短语does his homework的，应该用副词。另外，表示“某人做事不如某人细心”应用“not as carefully as”这样的结构。 4. (2004年吉林省中考试题)
---I like riding fast. It’s very exciting.
---Oh! You mustn’t do it like that, ________ it may have an accident. A. and B. or C. so D. but
【解析】答案：B。该提考查的是连接并列句的并列连词的选择。And通常连接两个意思一致的并列句，so连接两个有因果关系的并列句，but连接两个有转折关系的并列句，or相当于if not意思是“否则”。
初三年级（上） 【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语
1. at the moment 2. used to 3. for a while
4. walk away with sth. 5. leave for some place 6. sooner or later 7. pay for
8. come up with an idea 9. think of 10. have a try
11. all over the world 12. be famous for 13. large numbers of 14. all the year round 15. no matter what 16. give up
17. for example 18. by the way 19. on business 20. so far
21. come true 22. set off
23. slow down 24. go on doing 25. wait for
26. be proud of 27. be afraid of 28. speak highly of 29. a year and a half 30. half a year 31. pick up 32. as soon as 33. keep… clean 34. take care of 35. cut down
36. make a contribution to 37. base on 38. make sure 39. take away 40. begin with 41. right now
42. as soon as possible 43. leave a message 44. all kinds of things 45. walk around 46. fall asleep 47. wake up 48. go on a trip
49. have a good time 50. take photos 51. come out 52. come on
53. have a family meeting 54. talk about
55. go for a holiday 56 go scuba diving 57. write down 58. by oneself 59. walk along
60. get a chance to do sth 61. have a wonderful time 62. book a room
63. have an accident 64. be interested in 65. use sth. to do sth. 66. make a TV show 67. be amazed at 68. take part in 69. feed on
70. get out of
II. 重要句型
1. Why don’t you do sth.? 2. make sb. Happy
3. borrow sth. from sb. 4. forget to do sth.
5. pay fro sth. 6. return sth. To sb.
7. learn sth. from sb. 8. be famous for sth.
9. No matter what… 10. be with sb.
11. go on doing sth. 12. speak highly of sb.
13. keep doing sth. 14. allow sb. To do sth.
15. encourage sb. to do sth. 16. It is said that…
III. 交际用语
1. --- Excuse me, have you got …? --- Yes, I have. (Sorry, I haven’t.) 2. --- Why don’t you …? --- Thanks, I will.
3. --- Thanks a lot. (Thank you very much.) --- You are welcome.
4. --- Have you ever done…? --- Yes, I have, once. (No, never.) 5. --- I’ve just done… --- Really?
6. ---What’s …like ?
7. --- How long have you been…? --- Since…
8. --- Have you ever been to…?
--- I’ve never been there. (None of us has./ Only …has. ) 9. --- Would you like to have a try? --- I don’t think I can…
10. --- What have you done since…?
11. --- How long have you been at this …? --- For…
12. --- How long has she/ he worked there…?
--- She’s / He’s worked there for… / all her / his life.
13. --- I’m sorry he isn’t here right now. 14. --- May I help you?
15. --- That’s very kind of you. 16. ---Could we go scuba diving?
17. --- Could you tell us how long we’re going to be away? 18. --- Let’s try to find some information about it, OK? 19. --- Could you please tell me how to search the Internet? 20. --- Go straight along here. 21. ---Please go to Gate 12. 22. --- Please come this way.
23. --- Could you tell me what you think about Hainan Island? 24. --- That sounds really cool!
IV. 重要语法 1. 宾语从句 2. 现在完成时
3. 一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较： 【名师讲解】 1. Maybe/ may be
(1) maybe是副词，意思是“大概，也许”，常用作状语。例如： Maybe you put it in your bag.也许你把它放在包里了。“Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.” “他明天来吗？”“也许不”。
(2) may be相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语，意思是“也许是?，可能是?”。 例如：It may be 9:00 when they arrive.他们可能于九点到达。The man may be a lawyer. 那人也许是律师。
2. borrow/ lend/ keep/ use
(1) borrow表示的是从别人那里借来东西，即我们通常所说的“借进来”。例如：We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。
borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作，因此不能与时间段连用。
例如：You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 错误 )I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 错误 )
(2) lend表示的是把自己的东西借给别人，即我们通常所说的“借出去”。 例如：Thank you for lending me your bike.谢谢你把自行车借给我。He often lends money to his brother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。
lend与borrow一样，也是一个瞬间完成的 动作，不能与一段时间连用。 (3) keep的意思也是“借”，但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段，是一段持续的时间，因此可以与时间段连用。例如：You can keep my recorder for three days.我的录音机你可以借用三天。
I have kept this book for only one week.这本书我才刚借了一星期。 (4) use也可以当“借用”讲，但它的本意是“用，使用”。例如：May I use your ruler? 我能借你的尺子用一下吗？He had to use this public telephone.他不得不使用这部公用电话。 3. leave/ leave for
(1) leave意思是“离开，留下”。 例如：We left Shanghai two years ago.我们两年前离开了上
海。
He left his cell phone in the taxi last week.他上周把手机落在出租车里了。 (2) leave for意思是“前往”，表示要去的目的地。例如：We will leave for Tibet next month.我们将于下月去西藏。The train is leaving for Moscow.这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。 4. since/ for
(1) since用于完成时态，既能用作介词，也能用作连词，后常接时间点，意思是“自从”。 例如：
He has been a worker since he came into this city.自从他来到这个城市，他就是工人了。 I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai .自从我们上次在上海见过之后我再也没见过他。
since作连词，还有“既然”的意思。例如： Since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你对它感兴趣，那就做吧。 You can have fun now since you’ve finished your work.既然你已经做完了功课，就开心玩会儿吧。
(2) for用于完成时，用作介词，后常接一段时间，意思是“经过?”。例如： I have learned English for five years.我已经学了五年英语了。They have waited for you for 30 minutes.他们已经等了你三十分钟了。
for也可以用作连词，但意思是“因为”。 例如： They missed the flight for they were late.他们由于完到了而误了航班。He fell ill for many reasons.他由于多种原因病倒了。 5. neither/ either/ both
(1) neither作代词是对两者都进行否定，意思为“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数.例如：Neither of the boys is from England.这两个男孩都不是来自英国。I know neither of them. 他们两个我都不认识。 neither用作形容词，也修饰单数名词，意思与作代词时相同；用作连词时，一般与nor搭配，表示 “既不?也不”。作主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。 例如：She neither ate nor drank yesterday. 她昨天既不吃也不喝。Neither he nor we play football on Sundays. 他和我们星期天都不踢球。
(2) either作代词时，是指两者中的任意一方,(两者之)每一个，故作主语时谓语动词用单数. 例如：Either of the books is new.这两本书任何一本都是新的. She doesn’t like either of the films.这两部电影她都不喜欢. either作形容词, 用来修饰单数名词,意思与作介词时相同.
例如：Either school is near my home. (这两所学校中的)任何一所学校都离我家很近. Either question is difficult.两个问题(中的任何一个)都难.
either作连词时,一般与or搭配,表示两者选其一，意思是“不是?就是”。作主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。
Either he or I am right.不是他就是我是对的。
Either my sister or my parents are coming to see me.不是我姐姐就是我父母要来看我。 (3) both作代词时，指的是所涉及到的“两者都”, 故作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 I like both of the stories.这两个故事我都喜欢。Both of my parents are teachers.我父母两人都是老师。
both作形容词时，用来修饰两者,意思与作代词时相同.Both his arms are hurt.他的两只胳膊都受伤了。
Both these students are good at English. 这两个学生都擅长英语。
both用作连词时，多与and搭配，表示“既?又, 不仅?而且”, 作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数形式。
初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习
