。
．代词： I.
代词可以分为以下七大类：
人称主格 1 代词 宾格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 物主形容词性 my, your, his, her, its, our, their 2 代词 名词性 mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs 3 反身代词 4 指示代词 5 疑问代词 6 关系代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves this, that, these, those, such, some who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever that, which, who, whom, whose, as one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either II. 不定代词用法注意点： 1. one, some与any:
1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。 One should learn to think of others.
Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks. I have some questions to ask.
2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。 Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?
3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。 I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.
4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。 There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today? 2. each和every:
each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary. Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points. 3. none和no：
no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。
There is no water in the bottle.
How much water is there in the bottle? None.
None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties. 4. other和another:
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7 不定代词 。
1) other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way,
the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。如： He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.
Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.
2) another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如： I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one).
The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others. Some like football, while others like basketball. 5. all和both, neither和either
all表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.
All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English. Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher. 四．形容词和副词 I.
形容词：
1. 形容词的位置：
1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置： 1 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, onenobody absent, everything 等构成的复合不定代词时 possible 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible 2 3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake 4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 5 成对的形容词可以后置 6 形容词短语一般后置 2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：
代词 冠词前的形容词 数词 性状形容词 a bridge 50 meters long a huge room simple and beautiful a man difficult to get on with 冠词 指示代词 序数不定代词 词 代词所有格 基数词 性质 状态 大小 长短 形状 新旧 颜色 温度 国籍 产地 材料 质地 名词 the beautifall a seconone ul both this d four good such another next poor your large new black Chinese silk short cool yellow London stone square 精选资料，欢迎下载 。
3) 复合形容词的构成： 1 形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 2 形容词+形容词 dark-blue 6 名词+形容词 7 名词+现在分词 8 名词+过去分词 9 数词+名词+ed 10 数词+名词 world-famous peace-loving snow-covered three-egged twenty-year 3 形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 4 副词+现在分词 5 副词+过去分词 II. 副词 副词的分类： 1 时间副词 地点副词 方式副词 程度副词 hard-working newly-built soon, now, early, finally, always, often, frequently, 5 频度副词 once, recently seldom, never here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑问副词 how, where, when, why 2 3 hard, well, fast, slowly, how, when, where, why, 7 连接副词 excitedly, really whether, however, meanwhile almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 关系副词 when, where, why 4 III. 形容词和副词比较等级：
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are.
2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。
3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.
4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day. 5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.
6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。 五．介词 I.
介词分类： 1 简单介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between considering(就而论), including 精选资料，欢迎下载 2 合成介词 3 短语介词 4 双重介词 5 分词转化成的介词
中考英语语法知识总结(全)
