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小升初英语复习重点

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中小学个性化课外辅导

小升初英语复习重点

第一部分基础知识

1.字母:26个字母的大小写

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 2.语音:元音的发音 五个元音字母:AEIOU

12个单元音:长元音:/ɑ:/,/?:/,/?:/, /i:/,/u:/

短元音:/?/ /e/ /i/ / ? / /∧/ /u/ /?/

3.词汇:词汇量,近反义词 4.句子:大小写,标点符号 第二部分:语法知识

一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格 (一)名词单复数

1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4.以―f或fe‖结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数:

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea (二)名词的格

(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:

a) 单数后加 ‘s 如: Lucy‘s ruler my father‘s shirt b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ‘如: his friends‘ bags c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ‘s children‘s shoes

@并列名词中,如果把 ‘s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:

Tom and Mike‘s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

@要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加‘s Tom‘s and Mike‘s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用― of +名词‖来表示所有关系:如:

a picture of the classroom a map of China 二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类: (1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用an :

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中小学个性化课外辅导

an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /

(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane 2. 用法:

定冠词的用法:

(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk. (2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new. (3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren‘t at school. (4)在序数词前: John‘s birthday is February the second.

(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况:

(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.

(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:

This is my baseball.

(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can‘t swim. They are teachers. (4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It‘s Sunday. (5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30. (6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well. (7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music. (8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li. (9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus 三、代词:人称代词,物主代词 第一 人称 第二 人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 人称代词 主格 I(我) we(我们) you(你) you(你们) he(他) 第三 人称 she(她) it(它) 复数 2

宾格 me us you you him her it them 物主代词 my(我的) our(我们的) your(你的) your(你们的) his(他的) her(她的) its(它的) their(他们的/她们的/它们的) they(他们/她们/它们) 中小学个性化课外辅导

四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级 (一)、形容词的比较级

1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。 2.形容词加er的规则: ⑴ 一般在词尾加er ; ⑵ 以字母e 结尾,加r ;

⑶ 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ; ⑷ 以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。 3.不规则形容词比较级:

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful (二)副词的比较级

1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后

2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)

五 数词:基数词,序数词一、基数词 (1)1-20

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen, sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty (2)21-99 先说―几十‖,再说―几‖,中间加连字符。

23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one (3)101—999先说―几百‖,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;

586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three (4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个―,‖,第一个―,‖前为thousand.第二个―,‖前为million,第三个―,‖前为billion 1,001→one thousand and one

18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three

6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion 二、序数词

(1)一般在基数词后加th

eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth (2)不规则变化

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中小学个性化课外辅导

one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth

(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th

twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth

(4)从二十一后的―几十几‖直至―几百几十几‖或―几千几百几十几‖只将个位的基数词变为序数词。

twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth 基数词转为序数词的口诀: 基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.

一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d. 八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。 ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.

若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。 六、介词:常用介词:in, on, at, behind等

1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)

at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)  2.on

1)表示具体日期

注:(1)关于\在周末\的几种表示法: at(on)the weekend在周末---特指 at(on)weekends在周末---泛指 over the weekend在整个周末 during the weekend在周末期间

 (2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas 2)在(刚……)的时候。

On reaching the city he called up his parents. 一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。 3.in

1)表示\时段\、\时期\,在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。 in(during)1988(December,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)

七、动词:动词的四种时态: (1)一般现在时: 一般现在时的构成

1. be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如: I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我们学习英语。

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中小学个性化课外辅导

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加\或\。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies (2)一般过去时:

动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有: A、规则动词

① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study –

studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,

see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,

are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt (3)一般将来时:

基本结构: ①be going to + do;

②will+ do. be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow. (4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词

动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:

① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing ③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

第三部分:句法 1.陈述句

(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I‘m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. (2)、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I‘m not a student.

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小升初英语复习重点

中小学个性化课外辅导小升初英语复习重点第一部分基础知识1.字母:26个字母的大小写ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz2.语音:元音的发音五个元音字母:AEIOU<
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