雅思考试机经
2024年7月28日雅思阅读考情回顾
一、考试时间：2024年7月28日（周六）
二、考试概述：
本次考试依然是两旧一新，并且再次出现了经典题库文章。第一篇The extraordinary Walk in Tench，是一篇人物传记，是2014年5月17日和2015年3月12日的旧题。人物传记类文章可参照剑九第一套第一篇William Henry Perkin和剑九第四套第一篇The Life and Work of Marie Curie。第二篇Playing with Science，介绍的是科学和儿童玩耍的关系，剑十第二套第二篇可作为参考。第三篇Marketing and Mind Control也是旧题，介绍的是对于消费者心态研究的市场策略。
三、文章简介
Passage 1: The extraordinary Walk in Tench，Tench的生平 Passage 2: Playing with Science，科学和儿童玩耍的关系 Passage 3: Marketing and Mind Control，市场营销与思维影响
四、篇章分析： Passage 1： 文章内容 讲述了名为Tench的英国人，在历史上非常有名，他曾经因为参加英国的第一舰队（first fleet）——殖民澳大利亚的舰队。并出版两本书描述这一经历而著名。文中描述了他对原住民非常友好，关注人性。 题型分布与答案参考 判断题： 1 A great deal was known about Tench before arriving to Australia. FLASE 2 Tench drew pictures of what he saw during his journey. NOT GIVEN 3 Generally treat convicts well. FALSE 4 Tench’s opinion towards aboriginal remained unchanged. FALSE 5 An aboriginal gave Tench food as a gift when they first met. NOT GIVEN 6 Tench held unusual opinion in his time. TRUE 简答题： 1 What concrete information proved Tench had a good educational 雅思考试机经
background? Diaries 2 What was used to control convicts? Chains 3 Who told Tench to punish aboriginals? Governor Phillip 4 What activity did they engage on their way to H River? Food hunting 5 Where did the escaped convicts intend to go? China 6 Where did Tench first meet aboriginals? Botany Bay 相关拓展 The Extraordinary Watkin Tench During the late 18th and 19th centuries, large numbers of convicts were transported to the various Australian penal colonies by the British government. One of the primary reasons for the British settlement of Australia was the establishment of a penal colony to alleviate pressure on their overburdened correctional facilities. Over the 80 years more than 165,000 convicts were transported to Australia. Poverty, social injustice, child labor, harsh and dirty living conditions and long working hours were prevalent in 19th-century Britain. Dickens' novels perhaps best illustrate this; even some government officials were horrified by what they saw. Only in 1833 and 1844 were the first general laws against child labor (the Factory Acts) passed in the United Kingdom. William Hogarth's Gin Lane, 1751 According to Robert Hughes in The Fatal Shore, the population of England and Wales, which had remained steady at 6 million from 1700 to 1740, began rising considerably after 1740. By the time of the American Revolution, London was overcrowded, filled with the unemployed, and flooded with cheap gin. Crime had become a major problem. In 1784 a French observer noted that \became the patrimony of brigands for twenty miles around.\雅思考试机经
Each parish had a watchman, but British cities did not have police forces in the modern sense. Jeremy Bentham avidly promoted the idea of a circular prison, but the penitentiary was seen by many government officials as a peculiarly American concept. Virtually all malefactors were caught by informers or denounced to the local court by their victims. Pursuant to the so-called \Code\by the 1770s there were 222 crimes in Britain which carried the death penalty, almost all of which were crimes against property. These included such offences as the stealing of goods worth over 5 shillings, the cutting down of a tree, the theft of an animal, even the theft of a rabbit from a rabbit warren. The Industrial Revolution led to an increase in petty crime due to the economic displacement of much of the population, building pressure on the government to find an alternative to confinement in overcrowded goals. The situation was so dire that hulks left over from the Seven Years' War were used as makeshift floating prisons. Eight of every 10 prisoners were in jail for theft. The Bloody Code was gradually rescinded in the 1800s because judges and juries considered its punishments too harsh. Since lawmakers still wanted punishments to deter potential criminals, they increasingly applied transportation as a more humane alternative to execution. Transportation had been applied as a punishment for both major and petty crimes since the seventeenth century. Around 60,000 convicts were transported to the British colonies in North America in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. When the American Revolutionary War brought an end to that means of disposal, the British Government looked elsewhere. After James Cook's famous voyage to the South Pacific in which he visited and claimed the east coast of Australia in the name of the British Empire, he described Botany Bay, the bay on which present-day Sydney sits, as an ideal place to establish a settlement. In 1788 the First Fleet arrived and the first British colony in Australia was
2024年7月28日雅思阅读考情回顾
