国际音标发音规则大全
一、26个英文字母及发音音标如下:
A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:] E e [i:] F f [ef] G g [d?i:] H h [eit?] I i [ai] J j [d?ei] K k [kei] L l [el] M m [em] N n [en] O o [?? ] P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w [′d?b?lju:] X x [eks] Y y [wai] Z z [zi:] / [zed]
二、以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如: 1)含元音音素[ei]
字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk 音标: [ei] [eit?] [d?ei] [kei] 2) 含元音音素[i:]
字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv
音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d?i:] [pi:] [ti:] [vi:] 3) 含元音音素[e]
字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed] 4) 含元音字母Uu或元音音素[u:] 字母: Uu Qq Ww 音标: [ju:] [kju:] [′d?b?lju:] 5) 含元音音素[ai] 字母: Ii Yy 音标: [ai] [wai]
6) Don’t forget Oo /??/ and Rr/ɑ:/
三、区别元音字母Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu与元音二十个音素。
不定冠词a放在辅音开头的词前；an放在元音开头的词前。大多数元音字母开头的词，一般发元音，但有些就不是，如字母Uu, 单词useful, university, European等。一般辅音字母开头的词发辅音，但有些就不是，如hour, honest这两个单词中h都不发音。如：1) an Aa / Ee / Ii / Oo, an Ll / Ss / Xx / Rr
an orange/apple/egg/ English teacher/ eraser / ID card/ 11-year-old boy； an hour [′a??] 一小时，an honest man一个诚实的人（这儿的h不发音） an 8-year-old boy 一位八岁的男孩 an egg an eraser 2) a Uu/ Bb / Pp a useful [′jU:sful]book一本有用的书（这儿u第一个音发/ j/）a university[ju::n?′v?:s?t?] 一座大学 a European[′ju:r?p??n] man 一位欧州人如：There is an “r” and a “u”in the word “ruler”.
He is an English teacher. He’ll be back in half an hour. I eat an apple and a pear every day. 四、英语国际音标表（48个）
元音 单元音(12个) (20个) 双元音(8个) 辅音 10对清辅音 长元音 短元音 [ai] [p] [ei] [t] [i:] [i] [i] [k] [] [] [[[s] [u:] [a:] [] [] [e] [au] [] [] [tr] [ts] [] [i] [f] ] [u] ] [u] [] [ ∫ ] １
(28个) (20个) 浊辅音 [b] [m] [h] [w] [d] [n] [r] [j] [g] [] [l] [v] [z] [] [ ] [ d?] [dr] [dz] 鼻音(3个) 似拼音(3个) 半元音(2个) 前元音 后元音 中元音 双元音 爆破音 摩擦音 破擦音 鼻辅音 舌侧音 半元音 /i:/ /ɑ:/ / ?/ /e?/ /p/ /f/ /ts/ /m/ / ?/ / j/ /?/ /?/ /?:/ /a?/ /b/ /v/ /dz/ /n/ / w/ /e/ /?:/ /?/ /??/ / t/ /θ/ /tr/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /??/ /d/ /e/ /dr/ /U:/ /a?/ / k/ /s/ /t?/ /??/ /g/ /z/ /d?/ /e?/ /?/ /??/ /?/ / r/ / h/
五、国际音标和英语字母在书写方面的联系
从音标到字母和字母组合
１、单元音： [i:]: ⑴e:he she me we these Chinese Japanese
⑵ea:tea eat meat sea
⑶ee:see tree meet green teen ⑷ei:receive ⑸ey:key
⑹i:police policeman policewoman machine ⑺eo:people
⑻ie:piece field believe thief [?]: ⑴a:orange cabbage
⑵ay:Sunday holiday
⑶e:begin English pretty cinema ⑷ey:monkey volleyball ⑸i:it is in big this ⑹y:city very sorry ⑺u:busy
⑻ui:build building
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⑼ai:captain mountain certainly
[e]: ⑴a:any many anyone anything anybody anywhere
⑵ai:said paid ⑶ay:says
⑷e:pen bed yes egg desk ⑸ea:bread head breakfast ⑹u:bury
[?]:a:bag am and at sad happy handsome [ɑ:]:⑴a:class banana father after
⑵al:half palm calm
⑶ar:car far park arm star party ⑷au:aunt laugh ⑸ear:heart
[? ]: ⑴o: come none love other mother another some money honey
⑵oo:blood flood
⑶ou:touch country enough young ⑷u:bus sun but cut up us mutton [?:]:⑴ear:learn earth early heard
⑵er:her term
⑶ir:first girl bird skirt sir third
⑷or在/ w/后:work word world worse worst ⑸ur:nurse turn hurt Thursday ⑹yr:myrtle
⑺our:journalist journal
[?]:⑴a:along about banana Canada China
⑵e:student open children different differently ⑶i:holiday April
⑷o:today welcome police ⑸u:minus autumn
⑹er:father mother brother sister player singer winner meter ⑺or:doctor forget mirror color visitor actor ⑻ar:sugar grammar
⑼re:metre tired fire ⑽ou:delicious previous ⑾ur:surprise Saturday ⑿our:colour
⒀ure:picture pleasure nature future temperature
⒁oar:cupboard ⒂yr:martyr satyr
[u:]:⑴ew:flew grew review blew threw
⑵o:do to who whose whom
⑶oo:too zoo food pool boot school ⑷ou:soup group through ⑸u:blue glue June
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⑹ui:fruit juice ⑺oe:shoe [?]:⑴o:woman wolf
⑵oo:book look good foot ⑶oul:could would should ⑷u:put sugar full push
[?]:⑴([w])a:want wash watch what
⑵o:hot on not sorry dog ⑶ou:cough ⑷au:Australia [?:]:⑴(w)a:water
⑵al:all ball call fall hall mall small talk tall wall walk ⑶([w])ar:warm quarter war
⑷au:August autumn daughter caught taught ⑸aw:draw saw law ⑹oor:door floor ⑺ore:more before ⑻or:or for short sport
⑼ou:bought brought thought fought ⑽our:four your
⑾awe:awe awed aweless
⑿oar:board blackboard cupboard keyboard ⒀o:story
２、双元音：
[a?]:⑴i:time like nice fine five write
⑵y:my by why
⑶i(g):sign high light right ⑷ie:die lie tie (5)ei: height
[e?]:⑴a:name cake game face place
⑵ai:rain train wait straight
⑶ay: day may okay play today yesterday ⑷ei:veil vein
⑸ei(gh):eight eighteen eighty ⑹ey:they
⑺ea:great break
[??]:⑴e:zero cereal serious
⑵ea:real really idea cereal ⑶ere:here
⑷ear:ear dear hear near clear ⑸eer:beer deer pioneer [??]:⑴o:go no nose home
⑵ow:show know yellow window ⑶oa:goat boat coat
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⑷ou:shoulder though although ⑸oe:woe [??]:⑴ure:sure
⑵oor:poor
⑶our:tour tourist
[a?]:⑴ou:out about house blouse mouse mouth
⑵ow:how now cow bow [e?]:⑴air:air hair chair fair unfair
⑵are:care hare parent careful carefully ⑶ear:pear wear bear ⑷ere:there where ⑸eir:their theirs ⑹a:Mary
[??]:⑴oi:oil toilet boil soil join
⑵oy:boy toy employee
３、辅音：
清浊成对辅音：
[p]-[b] [t]-[d] [k]-[g] [f]-[v] [s]-[z] [θ]-[e] [?]-[?] [ts]-[dz] [t?]-[d?]
[tr]-[dr]
清音浊化：清辅音[p] [t] [k] [tr]等在[s]后重读时由送气音变为不送气音，即发其浊辅音[b] [d] [g] [dr]，但音标仍写成清辅音。如：sport[sp?:t]，student[′stju:d?nt]， sky[ska?], street[stri:t]。但弱读时[s]后的清辅音仍读请辅音，不读相对的浊辅音。如：hostess[′h??st?s]。 [p]:⑴p:pen map help cheap pencil paper
⑵pp:apple happy appear [b]:⑴b:bag by bed boy bus blue
⑵bb:rabbit cabbage [t]:⑴t:ten time not get table
⑵tt:bottle bottom little pretty ⑶ed:watched washed cooked helped danced dressed laughed [d]:⑴d:desk door day dog
⑵dd:add daddy middle ⑶ed:played cleaned climbed answered arrived called studied emptied enjoyed cried [k]:⑴c:cat come cut clock cry picture bloc
⑵cc: occasion according occupy acclaim ⑶ch:school Christmas chemistry technology stomach ⑷k:book bike cake kite Kate look ⑸ck:black duck clock jacket cock ⑹q:Iraq coq ⑺que:unique technique [g]:⑴g:go girl big get
⑵gg:egg bigger biggest ⑶gu:guess guest ⑷gue:dialogue
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国际音标发音规则大全
