Unit5 First aid-语法篇
__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 1. 学会if引导的省略句的用法；
2. 能够使用if引导的省略句的知识点作对相关题目，灵活使用。
省略句
种类 例句 Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day)， 主语的省略 isn’t it? Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.) 说明 有时也可省略整个句子的主语和谓语，只保留次要成分。 She was poor but (she was) honest. --Did you know anything --what do you think made Mary so upset? about the accident? 谓语的省略 --Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset). --Not until you told me. (= I didn’t know anything about it until you told me.) Seen from the plane (when it is seen from 状语从句的省略 the plane)， the house looks like tiny toys. If (it is) possible， I’ll go there with you. 若不定式后面是完成时，省略The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street， but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.) 不定式的省略 --Alice， why didn’t you come yesterday? --I was going to (come yesterday)， but I had an unexpected visitor. 时应保留have；不定式后含有动词be的结构时，也要保留be动词。 --Did you tell him the news? --I ought to have (told him the news)， but I didn’t know how to speak. --Are you an engineer? --No， but I want to be. 状语从句中的省略用法
一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were）可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。 1. when， while引导的时间状语从句
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e.g. 当你过马路的时候一定要小心。 Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street. 在我去工作的路上，我遇见了她。
When/While (I was) on my way to work， I met her. 2. if ， unless，once引导的条件状语从句
e.g. If (it is) properly treated， waste will do no harm to the environment. 我不会去晚会的，除非我被邀请。 I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.
一旦你在超市里被抓到偷东西，你会受到惩罚的。
Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket， you will be punished.
3. though， although， whether， no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句 e.g. 他很开心，尽管他很贫穷。
He was happy， though/although (he was) poor. 他虽然年轻但懂得很多。
Though (he is) young， he knows a lot.
No matter how/However hard the task (is)， we must fulfill it in time.
（注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式） 4. as if， as though引导的方式状语从句
e.g. She lay there， as if (she was) dead. （省略的主语和主句的主语一致）
He opened his lips as if (he were going) to say something. 他张开嘴唇，好像要说什么话似的。 He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作）
二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。 e.g. He is taller than his brother (is).
I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him.
三、以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is， that is， there is/are。 E.g.如果有必要的话，这个老庙会被重新修建。
If (it is) possible/necessary， this old temple will be rebuilt. If (that is) so， I will call you back at 5:00 pm.
There are only a few books in our school library， if (there are) any. 四、定语从句中的省略用法 关系词的省略
关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。 e.g. 你昨天拜访的那个人是我的祖父。
The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa.
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我不喜欢你对待这个女孩的方式。
I don’t like the way (in which/that) you treat the girl. 五、虚拟语气中if及should的省略
1. 当条件状语从句中有were， had， should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。 e.g. If I were a teacher， I would be strict with my students. = Were I a teacher， I would be strict with my students.
2. Suggest， insist， order， require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”， should可以省略。 e.g. 医生建议他尽力去减肥。
The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. 六、So和not的替代性省略
用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe， do， expect， fear， guess， hope， say， speak， suppose， think， I’m afraid等连用 e.g. – Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? – I suppose not. — Can you finish your work today? — 我认为能。I think so .
— 我认为不能。I don't think so . / I think not . 七、日常交际中的省略
在情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。
e.g. – How many copies do you want? -- (I want) Three copies， please.
-- Have you ever been to the Great Wall? -- No， (I have) never (been to the Great Wall). 注意：
1. 感官动词see， hear， feel， watch等和使役动词have， make， let等后接不定式作宾语时，
不定式省略to。
2. do nothing but， can’t help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。 e.g. 我们昨天只是仅仅呆在家里看电视了。
We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday. 听到这个消息，她禁不住哭了。
Hearing the news， she couldn’t help but cry.
3. 在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want， wish， hope， try， plan， like，
love， hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be， have时，也保留be和have。 e.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college， （但是我不想去）but I didn’t want to. 1. (2019·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学月考)All of the clothes in the shop are sold at half price， ________otherwise noted. A. as C. until
B. if D. unless
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2. (2019·陕西咸阳高考模拟考试二)Just now the patient opened her mouth as if ________something to her husband. A. said C. to say
—No， but I________. A. want to C. want so
A. left ignoring C. leaving ignoring they turn to him. A. if never C. if not 一、单项填空
1. —What’s the matter with Della?
—Well， her parents wouldn’t allow her to go to the party， but she still ________. A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for
2. Some of you may have finished Unit one.________， you can go on to Unit two. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so
3. —Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? —Yes.________， I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible
4. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which 5. —Will the Smiths leave for Australia this spring? —No， they finally decided ________.
A. not to leave B. not leaving C. not to D. not to be leaving 6. He decided not to say anything at the meeting unless ________.
A. asking to B. to ask to C. asked to D. ask to 7. —Have you watered the flowers? —No， but ________.
A. I am B. I’m going C. I’m just going to D. I will go 8. ________ he come tomorrow， I would let you know.
A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If 9. —Did you have a good time in Thailand last week? —________.It was too hot.
A. Not really B. Yeah， why not C. Oh， great D. You’re right 10. —I listen to English every day over the radio. —________interesting.
B. want to be D. want it B. left ignored D. leaving ignored B. say
D. to have said
3. (2019·哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁实验中学一联)—Hi， are you an engineer in Lenovo Group?
4. (2019·济宁模拟)As is often the case， little Tom， if________， is most likely to stop crying soon.
5. (2019·佳木斯一中高三第四次调研)He is ready to help others， seldom， ________refusing them when
B. if ever
D. if any 基础演练
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A. Sounds B. Sounding C. It is sounded D. Sound 11. —Do you think we will have a long holiday next month? —________.
A. I believe not B. I believe not so C. I don’t believe it D. I don’t believe 12. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow， and ________. A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white 13. If the food tastes nice， we’ll buy some； if ________， ________. A. no； no B. not； not C. not； no D. no； not 14. —Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss， not the workers. They just carried out the order ________. A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told
15. —My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste， okay? —________.And I’ll be glad to meet your parents.
A. I think so B. I’d love to C. I’m sure D. I hope so
巩固提高
一、句型转换(使用省略来改写句子)
1. She works hard. It is no wonder that she passed the exam.
She works hard.______ ______ ________ ________ ________ ________. 2. They haven’t completed the project，but they ought to have completed it.
They haven’t completed the project，______ ________ ________ ________ ________. 3. It is well done. ________ ________.
4. Errors， if there are any， should be corrected. Errors， ________ ________， should be corrected. 5. If we had gone to the party， we would have known the fact.
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， we would have known the fact. 二、用省略结构翻译句子
1. 她想学好英语，但不知道怎么学。
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. 他建议我们去看电影。
________________________________________________________________________ 3. 他不像过去那样早起床了。
________________________________________________________________________ 4. 她除了等待另一个机会什么也不能做。
________________________________________________________________________ 5. 尽管被告知了很多次，她仍然犯了同样的错误。
________________________________________________________________________
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人教版高中英语必修五 Unit5 First aid-语法篇(学生版)
