连读、加音、爆破、同化、省音、弱读、浊化
——英语常见语流现象
1. 连读：
两个相邻单词首尾音素自然的拼读在一起，中间不停顿，被称为连读。连读只发生在同一意群之内，即意思联系紧密的短语或从句之内。 1）词尾辅音+词首元音，如： Stand?up. Not?at?all. Put?it?on, please. Please pick?it?up. I'm?an?English boy. It?is?an?old book. Let me have?a look?at?it. Ms Black worked in?an?office. I called you half?an?hour?ago.
2）词尾不发音r或re+词首元音，词尾r发音/r/。如： far?away
Here?is a letter for you. Here?are four?eggs. where?is my cup?
Where?are your brother?and sister? They're my father?and mother. I looked for?it here?and there. There?is a football under?it. There?are some books on the desk. 注：当有意群进行停顿时不可连读。如： Is?it a hat or?a cat?（hat 与or 之间不可以连读）
There?is?a good book in my desk. （book 与in 之间不可以连读）
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Can you speak?English or French? （English 与or 之间不可以连读）
Shall we meet at?eight or ten tomorrow morning? （meet 与 at，eight 与or 之间不可以连读）
She opened the door and walked?in. （door 与and 之间不可以连读）
2. 加音：
在连贯的语流中，人们往往会在两个元音之间加入一个外加音帮助发音，从而更加流畅地表达意思。
1）词尾元音/?,u:/+词首元音，在词尾加上一个轻微的/w/。如： Go w away. How w and why did you come here? The question is too w easy for him to answer. 2）词尾元音/?,i:/+词首元音，在词尾加上一个轻微的/j/。如： I j am Chinese. She can't carry j it. I j also need the j other one. He j is very friendly to me. She wants to study j English. It'll take you three j hours to walk there.
3. 失去爆破与不完全爆破： 1）失去爆破：爆破音+爆破音
当两个爆破音/p,b,t,d,k,g/相邻时，前一个爆破音只按其发音部位做好发音口形、形成阻碍，而不爆破出来，稍微停顿后即发出后面的辅音。前一个爆破音被称为失去爆破。失去爆破产生的原因大体上是由于省力原则造成的。如： Kept/Blackboard/Notebook/Goodbye/September/Suitcase Big boy Sharp pencil
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What time You must pay. Ask Bob to sit behind me. She took good care of the children.
2）不完全爆破： A）爆破音+摩擦音
爆破音/p,b,t,d,k,g/与摩擦音/f,v,s,z,?,?,θ,e,r,h/相邻时，产生不完全爆破。发摩擦音时，发音器官并不形成阻碍而只形成一个很狭小的缝隙，让气流从缝隙中摩擦而出。如果一个爆破音与摩擦音相接，它爆破冲出的气流只能从狭小的缝隙中通过，这种爆破是不完全的。失去爆破产生的原因大体上是由于省力原则造成的。如： Advance/Success A good view Old friends Just then Get through Make sure Night show Keep silence. Keep that in mind. B）爆破音+破擦音
爆破音与破擦音/t?,d?,tr,dr/相邻时，产生不完全爆破。如： Picture/Object That child Good job Sweet dream Great changes A fast train C）爆破音+鼻辅音
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爆破音与鼻辅音/m,n,?/相邻时：在词中，不完全爆破；在词尾，鼻腔爆破。如： Utmost/Admit/Midnight/Certain/Button/Garden Good morning Good night Start now I don’t know Just moment A good neighbor D）爆破音+边辅音
爆破音与边辅音/l/相邻时：在词中，不完全爆破；在词尾，舌侧爆破。如：Lately/Badly/Mostly/Friendly A bit louder I’d like to Straight line Good luck At last At lunch
4. 同化：
人们在说话的时往往会不自觉地让一个音受相邻音的影响，使它们变得与其相同或相似；或者两个音互相影响，变为第三个音。这两种现象被称为音的同化。同化可以发生在同一个词、复合词内或者句子相邻词之间。 1）因声带的影响而发生的同化：
A）浊辅音可变为清辅音，如：of(v→f) course，his(z→s) pen，with(e→θ) pleasure。 B）清辅音可变为浊辅音，如：like(k→g) that。
2）因发音部位的影响而发生的同化： A）/t/+/j/→/t?/。如： Don’t hurt yourself!
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I’ll let you go this time. Don’t you do that again. It’s very nice to meet you. B）/d/+/j/→/d?/。如： Did your sister come? Would you please come in? Could you read this for me please? You didn’t like English, did you? C）/s/+/j/→/?/。如： I miss you. May God bless you. We will come this year. D）/z/+/j/→/?/。如： Here’s your ticket. I love you because you are you. Don’t expect he tells you the truth.
5. 省音：
在快速、随便的言语中，一些音素被省略掉，被称为省音。省音能提高语速，使说话省力。在正式场合和语速慢的情况下，省音不是必须的。
1）同一单词内元音的省略，主要是非重读音节中的/?/和/?/，如：ord(i)n(a)ry。 2）当前一单词以辅音结尾，后一单词以/?/开头时，/?/常被省略，如：walk (a)way。 3）当前一单词以否定形式-n't结尾，后一单词以辅音开头时，/t/常被忽略，如： She isn'(t) there. I didn’(t) hear you. He can’(t) believe that.
4）任何一个辅音，若后面紧跟着/h/，/h/可以不发音。如： Come (h)ere! Must (h)e /ti/ go?
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英语常见语音现象
