由句中的memories可知，应用when引导表语从句。
18．(2018·四川绵阳高三考前模拟)What is concerning us greatly is ________the workers held up in that area yesterday will be set free．
答案：when/whether 句意：我们非常关心的是昨天在那个地区被抢劫的工人们什么时候/是否会被释放。此处缺表语从句的连接词且从句中不缺主语或宾语，故可用when/whether。
19．(2018·安徽省皖南八校高三联考)The practical suggestion came from the representatives________ the new rule be adopted．
答案：that 句意：来自代表们的切实可行的建议是：这项新规定应该被采纳。分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，说明suggestion的内容，而该从句意思非常完整，所以要用that引导。
20．(2018·长春市高三二模)________ is the most important to him is not his job, but his family．
答案：What 句意： 对于他来说最重要的不是他的工作而是他的家庭。此处what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。
21．(2019·厦门一中高三模拟)His success in digital field proved ________ it took to be a best CEO．
答案：what 句意：他在数字领域的成功证明了要想成为最好的CEO所需要的条件。proved后接宾语从句。因为从句中took缺宾语，且该宾语意为“……的事物(东西)”，填what。
22．(2019·河北省保定市月考)Built over 2,200 years ago in ________ is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used today．
答案：what 句意：2,200多年前在现在的中国西南部的四川省，建造的这个惊人的工程至今仍在使用。what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，同时在宾语从句中作主语。
23．(2019·广东省五校高三联考)In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is ________ you don't speak at all．
答案：when 句意：在日本，人们公认最好的交流是当你什么也不说时。根据语境可知，此处填when引导表语从句。
24．(2018·北京高考)Without his support, we wouldn't be ________ we are now． 答案：where 句意： 如果没有他的支持，我们不可能取得现在的成就。分析句子是一个含蓄条件句，without引导条件，主句中是对现在的虚拟，where we are指我们所处的现状，是一个表语从句。
25．(2018·北京高考)This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best．
- 11 -
答案：what 句意：这是我父亲已经教给我的东西：总是勇敢地面对困难并且抱最好的希望。what引导表语从句，从句中缺少taught的宾语，故填what。
26．(2018·天津高考)The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race．
答案：whoever 句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。
27．(2018·江苏高考)By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived．
答案：how 句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。which引导非限制性定语从句，is后面为表语从句。这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。
28．(2019·河北曲周县一中高三模拟)I'd like to start my own business—that's ________ I'd do if I had money．
答案：what 句意：我想自己创业，那是我有钱后要做的事。此处引导表语从句，且在从句中作do的宾语，意为“……的事情”。故用what。
29．(2018·天津高考)The possibility ________ there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space．
答案：that 此处that引导同位语从句，说明possibility的内容。
30．(2019·海南儋州一中高三统测)Today, people still come and go—to see ________ the Canadian gold rush happened．
答案：where 句意：如今，人们仍然来往这里看加拿大的淘金热在哪里发生的。分析句子结构可知，宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
二、单句改错
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)But sometimes we're not aware what cheaply we can make this food ourselves．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→how 句意：但是有的时候我们意识不到我们自己可以使得这种食物多么地便宜。此处修饰cheaply。用副词how。
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)The general rule is what mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→that 句意：通常的规则是气候温暖的地区语言种类少，而说这些语言的人人数较多。that引导表语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，而what作主语，宾语或者表语。本句不缺少成分，故将what改为that。
- 12 -
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whenever is ahead of you for the day．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：whenever→whatever 句意：锻炼使得你更加清醒并且随时做好处理你所面临的困难的准备。handle后面的宾语从句中缺少主语，而whenever作时间状语，故将whenever改为whatever。
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)That is only evidence which traditions once existed． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→that 句意：这是唯一的证据证明传统曾经存在过。that引导同位语从句，介绍前面的evidence的内容。
5．(2018·北京高考)It's hard to predict why driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：why→when 句意：很难预测什么时候无人驾驶汽车会行驶在我们的道路上。when引导宾语从句，作时间状语。
6．(2018·河南六市高三联考)The tour pal lost his way in the mountain; that made things worse was that it began to rain．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：第一个that→what 句意：这个驴友在山里迷路了，更糟糕的是开始下雨了。分析句子结构可知，本句包含两个并列分句。而第二个分句的主语为what引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中作主语。
7．(2018·湖北四地高三联考)Recently the students in our school have had a heated discussion on if people should keep pets at home in cities．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：if→whether if和whether都可以表示“是否”，但是介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether引导，因此将if改成whether。
8．(2018·河南焦作模拟)After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→what 句意：到达学校后，我和一些同学讨论我们能做点什么。本句中含有宾语从句，该从句中缺少do的宾语，且表示“事物”，故用what引导。
9．(2019·江苏质检)The hope he may recover is not gone yet．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：hope后加that 本句中含有同位语从句，其中连接词that不能省略。
- 13 -
10．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→where 句意：我的叔叔是我住处附近的一家餐馆的老板。宾语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。
11．(2018·山西四校联考)What I believe it's the best way to get close to nature． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉What I believe后为省略了that的宾语从句，what为多余成分。 12．(2019·唐山模拟)I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：what→which 句意：我不知道该买哪一本，因为这些书对我都有用。which指“哪一本”符合句意。
13．(2018·浙江质检)You want to know that everything is going in our school． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：that→how know后的宾语从句中缺少方式状语，应用how。
14．(2018·河南八市联考)In our life, we often regret what we did and which we couldn't do．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which→what what引导宾语从句，此处意为“……的事情”，在从句中作do的宾语。
15．(2019·河北调研)The question that who should do the job requires consideration．
________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉that the question后为同位语从句，这个同位语从句是由who引导的，that为多余的连接词。
- 14 -
名词性从句(二)
三、表语从句
1．表语从句：在复合句中充当表语成分的从句。通常位于be动词或系动词look, seem等之后。
The problem is when_we_can_get_a_pay_rise． That is what_I_want_to_tell_you．
2．表语从句可以用as if/though 引导，意为“好像……”。 It looks as_if it is going to rain．
3．because引导的表语从句强调原因，而why引导的表语从句强调结果。 That's because_he_doesn't_understand_me．
He was busy． That's why_he_didn't_attend_the_meeting． 4．“The reason why ．．． ＋be＋that从句”结构。 The_reason_why he was absent was_that_he_was_ill． 四、同位语从句
1．同位语从句：在主从复合句中，用作同位语的从句，叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些抽象名词之后，如：fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, truth, hope, suggestion, belief等后面，用以解释说明这些名词。
I have no idea when_Chaplin's_film_will_be_on_again． We were very excited at the news that_our_team_had_won． The fact that_women_can_work_as_well_as_men is clear．
Henry Adams made a promise that_he_would_not_open_the_letter_until_2_o'clock． 2．同位语从句与名词之间有时会被句子的其他成分隔开，形成间隔性同位语从句。 Word came that_our_team_had_won_the_game．
- 15 -
(新课标)2020届高考英语一轮复习专题一语法基础考点十名词性从句(含解析)
