北师大版高中英语选修七第8讲：Unit21 Human Biology-词汇篇2(教师版)

Unit21 Human Biology-词汇篇2

__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 1、掌握本单元Lesson2、 Lesson3及Communication Workshop中的重点单词||，短语及句型||。 2、灵活运用本单元Lesson2、 Lesson3及Communication Workshop中的重点单词||，短语及句型||。 重点单词与短语

1.relate v.使有联系；涉及；与……相关 词汇拓展：

relative adj.相对的；比较的 relatively adv. 相对地 related adj.相关的；有联系的

Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与嗜毒有关||。 2.it 用于强调句

强调句型：it +is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分||。可以对主语、宾语、状语等进行强调||。I met an old friend in the street yesterday.( 对主语、宾语、状语等进行强调可表示为) It was I that/who met an old frend in the street yesterday. It was an old frend that/ who I met in the street yesterday. It was in the street that I mett an old frend. It was yesterday that I mett an old frend in the street. 3.put off 推迟

put off +n./doing sth.推迟某事/做某事

I’ll have to put off my visit until nexr month.我不得不把我的访问推迟到下个月||。 put sb. off让某人等(由于不想见或不想付款等原因)

I put him off with a promise to pay him next week.我推脱说下个星期付给他钱||。 4.bring up 提出 1) 提出

These are matters that you can bring up at the meeting.这些事你可以在会议上提出||。 2) 养育

Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.她是婴儿时父母就死了||，是由姑母抚养大的||。 3)呕吐

She felt sick and brought up her lunch.她觉的恶心并且把午饭吃的食物吐了||。 5.attempt to do 企图做某事 辨析attempt to do/try to do

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她 易混词组 attempt to do try to do 词义 试图 努力 区别 更注重设法做某事||，目的性更强 尽力做某事||， 结果不一定成功||，较口语化 He attemped to escape through a window.他试图设法从窗户逃离||。 You should try to solve the problem.你应该尽力解决这上问题||。 6.prohibit v.禁止

prohibit sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事

The law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children.法律禁止烟贩向儿童出售香烟||。 7.expose v.暴露；显露 1) 显露；露出

When he smiled he exposed a perfect set of white teech.他笑时露出一口完美的白牙||。 2)使面临||， 使遭受(危险或不快)

The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain.婴儿被遗弃于风雨之中||。 3)揭露||，揭穿

She was exposed as a liar and a fraud.她说谎和欺骗的面目被揭穿了||。 8.agree v.同意

agree with sb.和某人意见一致

agree to a plan/proposal/suggestion同意计划/提议/建议等 agree on…在……上取得一致意见||，商定||，约定 They agree on the plan of work.

agree 后跟宾语从句||，表示对某事意见一致

We agree that the proposal is a good one.我们一致认为这个建议不错||。 agree to do sth.同意做某事

They agree to start early.他们同意早点动身||。 9.decline v.下降 1)下降||， 减少

Her influence declined after she lost the election.她落选后其影响力降低了||。 2)拒绝；婉言谢绝

I invited her to join us||， but she declined.我邀请她加入我们||， 可是她婉言谢绝了||。 辨析decline/decrease

易混词组 decline decrease 词义 下降 下降 区别 除了指数值上的下降还指能力等抽象事物的衰退 专指数值上的下降 His interest in the project declined after his wife died.在他妻子去世后他对这个项目的兴趣下降了||。 The number of the students decreased from 500 to 300.学生人数从500降到了300. 10.in favour 赞同；支持

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短语拓展：

in favour of赞同；支持 in favour with受宠爱 in sb.’s favour 有利于某人 do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙

I am very much in favour of your proposal.我非常赞成你的提议||。 The student is in favour with his professor.这个学生深得他的教授宠爱||。 Excuse me||， can you do me a favour?劳驾||，你能帮我个忙吗？ 11.pretend v.假装

pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 pretend to sth.自称；自认为 pretend that假装

The children pretended to eat mud pies.孩子们假装吃泥饼||。

Surely he doesn’t pretend to any understanding of music.想必他不会自认为懂得什么音乐吧！ She pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell.我们按门铃时||，她假装不在家||。 例1. (2019湖南) It’s not doing the thing we like||， but liking the thing we have to do _________makes life happy. A. that

B. which

C. what

D. who

解析 ：考查强调句结构用法||。强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分||。本题强调主语not doing the things we like||， but liking the things we have to do||。句意：是做我们喜欢做的事情||，而不是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福||。故可知本题答案||。 答案：A

例2. (2019海淀二模) ---What is it______ makes you study so hard? ---To go to my dream university. A. what B. that 由语意可知本题答案||。 答案为B

例3. (2019安徽安庆一中月考) China and the United States held their strategic dialogue on August 1st and__________ to increase co-operation and constructive relations. A. agreed

B. would agree

C. have agreed

D. had agreed

解析：因为有确定的过去时间on August 1||，再考虑and连接的并列句应时态一致||，所以要用一般过去式||。由此可知本题答案. 答案：A

例4. (2019福建四川石室中学一诊模拟)It’s evident that the Chinese Football Team hasn’t yet found a style that ___________them. You see||， they can’t even beat such a weak team as Indonesia. A. matches

B. suits

C. fits

D. agrees

C. who D. whether

解析：句意为是什么让你那么努力？去我梦想的大学||。本题考查强调句型的用法||。所以应用that

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解析：考查动词的区分||。句义：很显然||，中国足球队还没有找到适合他们的风格||。你看见了||，他们甚至不能击败印度尼西亚这样的一个弱的队伍||。matches搭配||，强调二者之间的搭配||，匹配 suits suit作及物动词用||，意为\适合\，主要指颜色、衣着、发式、时间、口味、气候、条件、地位等适合某人||， fits 衣服的大小适合 agrees是不及物动词||，不能直接带宾语||，由此可知本题答案||。 答案：B

例5. (2019福建福州质检)The doctor advised her to eat more bean products__________ meat which might be harmful to her heart. A. for lack of

B. by means of

C. in place of

D. in favor of

解析：考察介词短语辨析||。句义：医生建议她多食用豆类产品来代替肉类||，那些肉对她的心脏病有害||。For lack of缺乏||，by means of通过…的方式；in favor of赞成||，有利于；根据语境可知本题答案||。 答案：C

基础演练

一．单词拼写(单句首字母填空)

1. It is very c___________ ||， but I'll try my best to explain it.

2. She couldn't speak much English so her children had to i___________ for her. 3. The bodies were i___________ as those of two suspected drug dealers. 4. They expressed mixed e___________ at the news.

5. We are p ___________to welcome you as our speaker this evening. 6. The class c___________ for all ability ranges.

7. The children were surprised by the sudden e___________ of their teacher. 8. There was a___________ time to get to the airport||， so don't hurry. 9. We need more s___________ now to store our goods. 10. We'll have to p___________ the meeting until next week. Keys: 1.complicated 5. privileged 9. storage

2. Interpret 6.caters 10. postpone

巩固提高

二．翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分） 1. 你应该对你的行为负责||。

You should_________ _____________ __________your action. 2. 上课时||，你最好把老师讲的课做记录||。

In class||， you'd better _________ __________ _______________ what the teacher said. 3. 他已经经历了太多的困难||。

He _______ ______________ ________________ too many difficulties. 4. 汤姆是由他的叔叔养大的||。

Tom was __________ _______________ by his uncle.

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3. identified 7. entry

4. emotions 8. ample

5. 因为天气他们把运动会推迟到下周||。

They________ the sports meeting until next week_____________ ________________ weather. Keys: 1. be responsible for 3. has gone through 一．单项选择

( )1. --- What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

--- You _____________do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. don't have to

B. oughtn't to

C. mustn't

D. can’t

2. make notes of 4. brought up

5. postponed; because of

( )2. My MP4 player isn't in my bag. Where _____________I have put it? A. would

B. must

C. should

D. can

( )3. --- Have you _____________some new ideas? --- Yeah. I'll tell you later. A. come about

B. come across

C. come up with

D. come out with

( )4. Would you please _____________ this form for me to see if I've filled it in right? A. take off

B. look after

C. give up

D. go over

( )5. We had wanted to finish our task by noon||， but it didn't quite _____________as planned. A. find out

B. give out

C. hand out

D. work out

( )6. In order to raise the price of certain goods||， some businessmen keep them in the stores _____________ . A. in particular

B. on purpose

C. at stake

D. by chance

( )7. There _____________ another statue that used to be placed in the center of the town. A. are

B. exists

C. seems

D. appears

( )8. --- It’s a good idea. But who’s going to _____________the plan? --- I think Tom and Greg will. A. set aside

B. carry out

C. take in

D. get through

( )9. It is reported that the concert has been_____________ owing to the performers' disagreement. A. carried out

B. postponed

C. performed

D. achieved

( )10. It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng||， will you please help me _____________the clothes on the line? A. get off

B. get back

C. get in

D. get on

( )11.40. Little Johnny felt the bag||， curious to know what it__________________. A. collected

B. contained

C. loaded

D. saved

( )12. He could hardly__________________ this amount of work in such a short time. A. get through

B. get off

C. get into

D. get down

( )13.The youngest brother||， rather than his two elder brothers||， _____________for the wrong doings. A. was to answer

B. were to answer C. was answered D. were to be answered

( )14.When cutting the cloth for my suit||， leave enough at the edges to ___________my getting fatter. A. supply for

B. provide for

C. provide against D. provide with

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