非谓语动词
题型分类 典题试做 1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) You don't have to run fast or for long to see(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying(die) early by running. 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve (improve) 语法填空 water quality. 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged (challenge)． 4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me to stay (stay) and watch. 5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting(rest)． 1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. sell→selling 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ) As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not let me.watching→watch 短文改3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) Everyone was silent, wait to see who 错 would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.wait→waiting 1．谓语动词与非谓语动词的错用； 2．过去分词与现在分词的错用； 3．不定式符号1．考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)，以考查主语、宾语、状语居多； 2．考查固定搭配中的非谓语动词。 命题解读 to的多余或缺4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) Some of us were confident and eager 失； take part in the class activity; others were nervous and 4．to是介词还anxious.eager后加to 是不定式符号5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ) When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！pick前加to
考点一 非谓语动词的形式及意义 单句语法填空
的误判。 1．(2019·湖北武昌区高三调考)The Yangtze River，known(know) in China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.
2．(2019·玉溪月考)You lose weight for a while, only to gain(gain) back more weight when you stop your weight loss program.
3．(2019·湖南六校联考)Of course, enjoying(enjoy) a nice meal with friends, whatever we eat, can also impact our spirits. Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.
非谓语动词 主动语态 被动语态 意义 表示的动作与句中谓语动一般式 不 定 式 进行式 to be doing to have been done to do to be done 词的动作同时发生或在其后发生 表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生 表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前 表示的动作与句中谓语动现在分词/动名词 过去分词 完成式 having done having been done 一般式 doing being done 词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生 表示的动作先于句中谓语动词的动作发生 与句中主语为逻辑上的被done 动关系，表完成 完成式 to have done 一般式 Having been fired by the company，the man now has difficulties in supporting his family.
被公司解雇了，这位男士难以养活他的家庭。
There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。
考点二 非谓语动词作状语 Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2019·广东七校联考)We went to a fast food restaurant for dinner together. My husband went to the counter to order(order) dishes and I stood with my parents. 2．(2019·合肥检测)Emperor Qin Shihuang simplified Chinese characters and set regular rules, making(make) it easier for people to learn and master. 3．(2019·福州模拟)With my eyes tightly closed(close)，I dived in and made my way to the other end.
Ⅱ.单句改错
4．(2019·长沙一模)The boy brought his guitar to the stage，worn a fashionable hat，which made him seem so mysterious.worn→wearing 5．(2019·长春模拟)Thought that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way. Thought→Thinking 1．不定式作状语
(1)作目的状语，可用so as to/ in order to替换，但 so as to一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。
(2016·北京卷)To make it easier to get in touch with us，you'd better keep this card at hand.
为了便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
(2)作结果状语，常表示出乎意料的结果，常用于下列结构中：only to do；enough to do(足够做……)；too...to do...(太……而不能……)；so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。
Tom took a taxi to the airport，only to find his plane high up in the sky.汤姆乘出租车去了机场，结果发现他要乘坐的飞机已飞入高空。
(3)作原因状语，常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。这类形
2020高考英语语法专题复习及训练：非谓语动词(含答案)
