常用后缀
简单后缀： ia( 2)状态， condition 复合后缀：
-emia -algia -(o)rrhagia -ectasia -malacia -odynia -plegia -uria -penia
1. -penia 缺乏 deficiency, lack
e.g leucopenia 白细胞减少症 erythropenia 红细胞减少 lymphopenia 淋巴球减少症 thrombopenia 血小板减少症 2. -uria 尿症 urine condition
e.g hematuria 血尿症 albuminuria 蛋白尿 3. -plegia 麻痹 瘫痪 stroke， paralysis
paraplegia 瘫痪 下身麻痹 hemiplegia 半身麻痹 半身不遂 e.g thermoplegia 热射病
4. -odynia pain
e.g cardiodynia 心痛 hepatodynia 肝痛 enterodynia 肠痛 胸痛
5.-algia pain e.g Arthralgia Neuralgia 神经痛 gastralgia 胃痛 关节痛 6. -malacia softening 软化
e.g osteomalacia 骨encephalomalacia 脑软化 软化
7. -ectasia or -ectasis 扩张 stretching, dilatation 膨胀 扩张
e.g nephrectasia 肾扩张 angiectasis 血管扩张 bronchiectasis 支气管扩张
8. -emia 血症 blood condition e.g leukemia 白血病 bacteremia 菌血症 septicemia 败血症 hypercholesterolemia 血胆脂醇过多 9. -orrhagia 出血 discharge of blood
e.g hemorrhage 大出血 gastrorrhagia 胃出血 enterorrhagia 肠出血 hepatorrhagia 肝出血
简单后缀
-y： condition， act， process
复合后缀
-metry -otomy -ectomy -graphy -iatry -ology -pexy， -plasty
-(o)rrhaphy -stomy -scopy -megaly
10. -scopy 镜检 examination ， process of examining visually
e.g laryngoscopy 喉镜检查 bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查法 gastroscopy 胃镜检查 colonoscopy 结肠镜检查 cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查
11. -ostomy 造口术 process of making an opening into or a connection between
e.g colostomy 结肠造口术 enteroenterostomy 肠肠吻合术 gastrostomy gastroenterostomy 胃造口术
，
12. -(o)rrhaphy 缝术 suturing process of suturing e.g herniorrhaphy 疝缝手术 13. -plasty 整形术 surgical reshaping or repair
e.g arthroplasty 关节造型术 thoracoplasty 轮廓成形术 osteoplasty 骨整形术 14. -pexy 固定术 a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing e.g hepatopexy 肝固定术 omentopexy
15. -ology 学问 学术 act or process of studying
e.g pharmacology 药理学 pathology 病理学 physiology 生理学
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16. -logist 专家 师 one who studies and treats
e.g urologist 泌尿科医师 physiologist 生理学者 pathologist 病理学家 17. -iatry or –iatrics healing 医师的 医疗的 药物的 e.g Podiatry 足部医疗 psychiatry 精神病学 18. -graphy 标记 符号 process of recording
e.g cardiography 心动描记法 pneumography 肺解剖学 electroencephalography 脑电图学 19. -graph 图表 曲线图 that which records
e.g cardiograph 心动电流图 pneumograph 呼吸描记器 electroencephalograph 脑电图仪 20. -gram 图 the record itself
e.g cardiogram 心电图 pneumogram 呼吸描记图 electroencephalogram 脑电波 21. -ectomy excision,切除术 process of cutting out
e.g thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术 cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术 appendectomy 阑尾切除术 22. -otomy oncision 切开术 process of cutting into
e.g thyroidotomy 甲状腺切开术 gastrotomy 胃切开术 cystotomy 膀胱切开术 23. -metry 测定法 measurement
e.g dynamometry 动力测定术 pelvimetry 盆骨测量 24. -megaly 变大 large
e.g atriomegaly 心房肥大 ventriculomegaly 巨脑室 splenomegaly 脾肿大 hepatomegaly 肝肿大 简单
后缀： -e: an instrument or suffixes of noun. 复合后缀： -scope -tome -cele -cyte
25. -tome 切的刀 instrument for cutting e.g arthrotome 关节刀
26. -cyte 细胞 noun marker ，referring to a cell
e.g leukocyte 包细胞 lymphocyte 淋巴细胞 hepatocyte 肝细胞 lipocyte 脂肪细胞 27. -cele 疝 突出 膨大 hernia ，herniation
e.g thyrocele 甲状腺肿 hepatocele肝脏突出 pneumocele 肺彭出 omphalocele 脐突出 28. -scope 镜检 instrument for viewing
e.g laryngoscope 喉镜检 bronchoscope 气管镜检 celioscope 腹腔境 gastroscope 胃窥镜 29. -itis 炎症 inflammation
e.g hepatitis 肝炎 peritonitis 腹膜炎 gastroenteritis 肠胃炎
30. ------------------------------------------ -ist 专家 one who specializes in
e.g gastroscopist 胃镜医师 enterologist 肠病学家 pathologist 病理学家 neuropathist 神经病学家
31. -or （er） refers to a doer, either a person or thing e.g incisor 门齿，切牙
32. -osis 症状 a condition, usually abnormal or pathological
e.g sclerosis 硬化症 hepatosis 肝机能病 gastrosis 胃病 nephrosis 肾病
，
33. -oma 肿瘤 swelling tumor
e.g sarcoma 肉瘤 恶性肿瘤 fibroma 纤维瘤 hepatoma 肝细胞瘤 lipoma 脂肪瘤 34. -ism a condition, usually the result of a prior condition （先决条件） e.g embolism 栓塞 栓子
35. -（ i） um refers to a part in relation to a whole, related to e.g pericardium 心包膜 epigastrium 腹上第一腹片 bronchium 支气管 36.-37.-al
e.g cardi/ac e.g bronch/i
/al
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38.-e.g tonsill/
ar ar 39.-e.g hepat/ic
40.-eal e.g esophag/eal 41.-e.g cili/ary
ary e.g muc/ous sebace/o42-ous
fibr/ous us 43.-e.g cyst/oid
44. -meter 仪表 instrument for measuring
e.g thermometer 温度计 体温计 pulmometer 肺量计 pulsimeter 脉搏计 45. - ( o) rrhea 释放 排放 flow， discharge e.g diarrhea 腹泻 gastrorrhea 胃液分泌过多 46. -lysis 溶解 dissolution； decomposition e.g Hemolysis 溶血 bacteriolysis 溶菌
47. -pathy 病变 disease, diseased condition
e.g ophthalmopathy hepatopathy 肝病 gastropathy 胃病 nephropathy 肾病 48. -blast 母细胞 a cell that is undifferentiated, primitive, embryonic e.g hemocytoblast 原始血细胞 enteroblast 成肠细胞 fibroblast 成纤维细胞
49. -centesis穿刺术 surgical puncture to withdraw fluid enterocentesis thoracocentesis e.g amniocentesis 羊膜腔穿刺术 abdominocentesis 腹腔穿刺术
50. -clysis 灌肠 打点滴 washing, introduction of fluid for the purpose of irrigation e.g bronchoclysis 野马灌肠
51. -ptosis 下垂症 a falling, the dropping or sagging of an organ
e.g nephroptosis 肾下垂 hepatoptosis 肝下垂 gastroptosis 胃下垂 enteroptosis 肠下垂 52. -ptysis 吐涎
e.g hemoptysis 咯血 emptysis 吐血 pyoptysis 咯脓 53. - ( o) rrhexis 破裂 rupture e.g hepatorrhexis 肝破裂
54. -sclerosis 硬化症 a hardening
e.g arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化 hepatosclerosis 肝硬化 nephrosclerosis 肾硬化 55. -stasis 静止 arresting， halting e.g bacteriostasis 细菌抑制
56. -stenosis狭窄 a narrowing, a stricture e.g Arteriostenosis 动脉狭窄 57. -emesis 呕吐
e.g emetic 催吐要 antiemetic 止吐药
Word Roots
1. cor- or cardi(o)- 心的 heart
--- cordiform 心形的 ---cordate 心脏形的 --- cardialgia 心痛 --- cardiogram 心电图 2. hepato- pref 肝 liver
--- hepatodynia 肝痛 --- hepatoma 肝细胞瘤 --- hepatopathy 肝病 --- hepatotoxin 肝毒素 3. pulmo- or pneumo- or pneumat(o)- 肺 lung or air
--- pulmometry 肺容量测定法 --- pulmonitis 肺炎 --- pneumobacillus 肺炎杆菌 --- pneumonectasis 肺气肿 --- pneumatolysis 肺气化 --- pneumatometer 肺活量计
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第1课：动物医学专业外语常见词汇
