(英语)中考英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题
一、定语从句
1.— What do you think of Disney Park in Hong Kong? — Oh, I think it the best park I have ever visited in China. A.which 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意为:---你觉得香港的迪斯尼公园怎么样?---噢,我觉得这是我在中国参观过的最好的公园。根据语境可知,这里考查的是定语从句的引导词。通常,定语从句的引导词由先行词而定。但是当先行词由序数词或最高级形容词修饰时,引导词常用that。结合选项可知应选B。
考点:考查定语从句的引导词。
B.that
C.where
D.When
2.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday. A.which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句,先行词是为物时用which;what不能引导定语从句;先行词指人时用who;当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary,字典是物,所以用关系词which。故选A。
B.what
C.whose
D.whom
3.The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue. A.which 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语,由于它前面有修饰语only,所以只能用关系代词that,不能用which,因此选B。 考点:考查定语从句。
B.that
C./
D.it
4.This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A.that 【答案】A 【解析】
句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。
结合句意和语境可知选A。
点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况:
B.which
C.what
D.who
当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如: Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如: Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如: She is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间? 当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如:She admired the way (that) they solved the questions.
5.(江苏省淮安市2015年中考英语试)--- What are you doing? ---I’m reading the book ______you lent me last week. A.what 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】
B.who
C.when
D.that
考点:考查关系代词。 【详解】
试题分析:句意:-你在做什么?-我正在读你上周借给我的书。what 什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,先行词是人;when什么时候,先行词是时间;that那个,先行词是人或物。根据句意可知,这里是一个定语从句,修饰前面的名词the book,指物,故应选D。
6.Jack likes being with the classmates ________ are outgoing and kind. A.where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
句意:杰克喜欢和性格开朗、和蔼可亲的同学在一起。A. where在哪;B. which哪个;C. when何时;D. who谁。这里是定语从句,先行词是the classmates是名词,表示人,关系
B.which
C.when
D.who
词用who。根据题意,故选D。
7.Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A.which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。
本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。 【点睛】
做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。
B.who
C.where
8.—Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me? —You mean, the new police story _____was filmed by Chen Musheng? A.who 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意:—嘿,安娜。你愿意和我去看电影《白色风暴》吗?—你的意思是由陈木胜拍摄的新警察故事?定语从句的先行词story是物,关系代词在句中做主语,所以引导词用which,故选D。 【点睛】
关于定语从句中的关系词的用法:
关系代词who 指人,在定语从句中作主语;whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语;whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语;which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;
关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,
先行词既是人也是物的时候,关系代词用that。
B.what
C.whose
D.which
9. My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings. A.they C.which 【答案】C 【解析】
B.who D./
【详解】
句意:我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories(故事)表示物,需用关系代词that或which,引导词同时做从句的主语,根据句意结构,故选C。
10.They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _________ will help dog owners cool down their pets. A.who 【答案】C 【解析】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意“他们想研制一种对狗有好处的狗粮,这种狗粮会帮助狗的主人安定他们的宠物。”先行词food指物,排除who;what不能引导定语从句;which指物。故选C。
B.what
C.which
D.whether
11.—Have you heard of the Huawei Company?
—Sure, it’s one of the _____ companies _____ make us Chinese proud. A.great; which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:——你听说过华为公司吗?——当然,它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。
great伟大的;greater比较伟大的,是比较级;greatest最伟大的,形容词最高级;which关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that也是关系代词,先行词为人或物,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最……的之一”,故排除A和B,应选C。第二个空是that引导的定语从句,在从句中作主语。
B.greater; which
C.greatest; that
12. Running man is a very relaxing TV program_______is hot among the young people. A.what 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】
B.which
C.who
D.whom
【点评】定语从句要注意先行词是人还是物,从而选出合适的关系代词. 【详解】
试题分析:定语从句中先行词为物,关系代词用that或which.what不引导定语从句,who/whom的先行词是人;根据 a very relaxing TV program可知,先行词是物,故选B.
13.There will be a stamp show in the museum ______ we visited last week. A.who 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:我们上周参观的博物馆将有一场邮票展览。
关系代词的用法。who的先行词是人;when的先行词是时间名词,在从句中作状语;what不能引导定语从句, 此处先行词是museum,是事物,应该用关系代词which替代museum,在从句中作visit的宾语,故选C。
B.when
C.which
D.what
14.Norman Bethune was a great man _____ gave his life to help the Chinese people. A.which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
句意:诺尔曼白求恩是一位伟大的人,他毕生致力于帮助中国人民。空格前名词man意为“人”,是先行词,后面是用来修饰这个名词,是定语从句部分,先行词指人,在定语从句中做主语,可以使用关系代词who/that,不能使用which(指物)/whose(指所属关系),what不能用来引导定语从句,故选B。
B.who
C.whose
D.what
15..-----1’11 never forget the school ______I used to study . --So will I.
A. which B. what C. where 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:-我永远都不会忘记我曾经学习的那所学校。—我也不会。先行词school在定语从句中作地点状语,可以用关系副词where代替。所以选C。 考点:考查定语从句。
16.(题文)—Do you know about Yuan Longping?
—Only a little. But Chinese people are proud of the man ______ hybrid rice is famous.
A.who B.which C.that D.whose 【答案】D 【解析】
(英语)中考英语定语从句(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题
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