B. burnt fire C fire burning D. fire burnt
（答案：C。现在分词作宾补表示动作正在进行）（1997年55题） 二、现在分词和过去分词的区别
1、She told me that it was the most _____ gift her daughter had received. A. delighting B. delighted C. delights D. delight
（答案：A。现在分词修饰的是事物，常译作“令人……”，具有主动、进行的意思。过去分词修饰人，常译作“感到……”，具有被动、完成的概念。又如：a moved audience：受感动的观众。）（2003年38题）
2、My parents are _____ with my progress. A. please B. pleased C. pleasing
D. being pleased （答案：B。）
三、现在分词的被动式和过去分词的区别。
1、The interviewer should take down notes at the moment the person _____ answers the questions.
A. to be interviewed B. interviewing
C. being interviewed D. interviewed
（答案：C。现在分词的被动式。表示动作正在发生）（1997年33题）
2、Standing on the bank, the children watched the ship _____ with all kinds of goods. A. loading
B. being loaded C. to be loaded D. having loaded
（答案：B。现在分词的被动式。）（2000年23题）
3、We found the eggs eaten by the snake. 我们发现鸡蛋被蛇吃了。 （过去分词表示动作的完成和结果。）
四、分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语是否一致。 1、Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there. A. he found a lot of people B. a lot of people were
C. he found a lot of people’s D. people were found
（答案：A。分词短语做伴随状语时，和主句共用一个主语。）（1996年37题） 2、_____ tired after a hard work, she fell into bed and went straight to sleep. A. Felt
B. Feeling C. Being felt D. To feel （答案：B）（1998年50题）
五、分词的独立主格：分词短语带有自己的逻辑主语，（一般由名词担任）称为分词的独立
主格。
1、The plane crashed, its bombs _____ as it hit the ground. A. exploded
B. were exploded C. exploding
D. were exploding （答案：C）（1999年43题）
2、Weather permitting, we’ll go to the Summer Palace. 如果天气允许的话，我们去颐和园。
六、with （without） 引导的分词的独立结构。
1、He walked across the meeting room _____ everyone looking at her. A. with B. as C. while D. when
（答案：A。with或without可以引导分词的独立结构，做伴随状语。）（1997年49题） 2、With the old man _____ the way, we had no trouble in finding that mysterious cave. A. leading B. led C. lead D. to be led （答案：A）（2000年27题）
第六节 各种从句
英语中从句包括：名词从句、定语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。 一、名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。 （一）主语从句
考试重点：主语从句常用的连词的用法；it is desirable that引导的主语从句的用法。 在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫主语从句。主语从句可以由下列连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，且不能省略。 连词：that，whether
连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever等。 连接副词：when，where，how，why
1、由连词that，whether引导的主语从句。
连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它在从句中不担任成分，不能省略，且由它们引导的主语从句，多用it做形式主语。 （1）_____ was unimportant.
A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C. If he enjoyed our dinner D. What he enjoyed our dinner （答案：A）（2000年40题）
（2）That the earth is round is true.（It is true that the earth is round.） 地球是圆的， 是个事实。
2、由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句
它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语和状语，不能省略。注意翻译时不能把它们译为疑问句。由它们引导的主语从句，也可以用形式主语it引导。
（1）Who let out the news remained unknown.（It remained unknown who let out the news.） 谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道。
（2）When we’ll start is not clear.（It is not clear when we’ll start.） 我们何时出发还不清楚。
3、以关系代词what, whatever, whoever…引导的主语从句。
What有时可以用来表示the thing which这种意思，引导从句，表示一样东西或一件事情。Who，whom，which，what，可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起强调作用。此类句子不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成份，不能省略，语序为陈述句的语序。
（1）_____ I saw was two men crossing the street. A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That
（答案：A）（2001年38题）
（2）_____ was not the way the event happened. A. Which the press reported B. That the press reported C. what did the press report D. What the press reported
（答案：D。主语从句，what在从句中做宾语。）（1998年24题）
4、句型It is desirable （suggested, necessary, requested, ordered, proposed, urgent）+that+主语+should（可省略）+V（动词原形）。
（1）It’s urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made. A. will be arranged B. must be arranged C. be arranged
D. would be arranged （答案：C）（2003年45题）
（2）It is highly desirable that a new president _____ for this university. A. is appointed
B. will be appointed C. be appointed
D. has been appointed
（答案：C）（1997年52题） （二）表语从句
考试重点：表语从句的基本用法；含有suggestion，proposal等词的表语从句的用法。 1、在从句中做表语的从句叫表语从句。它位于主句中的系动词之后，常用的关联词和主语从句相同。
（1）This is what he wants. 这就是他想要的东西。
（2）The question is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning. 问题是我们明天上午能否完成任务。
2、用suggestion等词表示愿望、建议、命令等情绪时，用虚拟语气，从句中用should（可省略）+动词原形。
（1）The general’s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more important tasks. A. would leave B. leave C. left
D. have left （答案：B）（2002年48题）
（2）His proposal is that they（should）challenge the other groups to a friendly competition. 他提议他们和别的组挑战进行一场友谊竞赛。 （三）宾语从句
考试重点：宾语从句用陈述句的语序；介词后面的宾语从句；suggest，insist，order，demand等动词后接宾语从句时，用虚拟语气；if和whether的区别。 1、宾语从句用陈述句的语序
（1）Can you tell me _____ about the city that makes people love it so much? A. it is what B. what it is C. what is it D. is it what
（答案：B。宾语从句用陈述句的语序。）（1999年47题） （2）No one doubts _____ it is true. A. whether B. if C. that d. what （答案：C。I doubt whether/if…我怀疑。I don’t doubt that …我毫不怀疑。又如：I doubt whether he can speak English. 我怀疑他是否会说英语。） （1997年38题） 2、介词后面的宾语从句
（1）The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware _____ she had gone.
A. where that B. of where C. of the place D. the place
（答案: B。where 引导的从句做介词的宾语。）（1998年48题）
（2）He was a man of fine character in all points _____ he was rather timid. A. in that B. except that C. for that D. except for （答案：B）（1997年53题）
3、suggest，insist，order，demand等动词后作宾语时，表示欲望、建议、命令等时，用虚拟语气。
①His mother insisted that he _____ the coat when going out. A. put on B. puts on C. to put D. putting on （答案：A）（1999年58题）
②The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _____ an operation right away so as to save his life. A. had
B. would have C. have
D. was going to have （答案：C）（1998年28题）
4、在下列情况下不能用if , 而用whether。
后跟不定式：He didn’t tell me whether to go or stay. 他没有告诉我是走还是留下。 前面有介词：He raised the question of whether we could find the necessary money. 他提出我们能否筹集到必要的资金这个问题。
引导主语从句：Whether they win or lose is all the same to me. 他们胜利也好，失败也好，对我来说都是一样的。
后面直接跟or not：I wonder whether I’ll catch the last bus or not. 我不知道我能否赶上末班车。 二、定语从句
考试重点：限定性定语从句中关系代词的用法；关系副词 when，where，why，引导的定语从句；带介词的定语从句；非限定性定语从句；“名词（代词）+介词+关系代词”引出，一般是非限定性定语从句。
在复合句中起定语作用的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句分为两种：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。注意关系代词和关系副词在从句中的应用。
（一）关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that引导的定语从句 1、The company official _____ I thought would be fired received a raise. A. whom B. whoever C. who D. of whom
（答案：A。关系代词whom在定语从句中做宾语，修饰先行词official）（1998年40题）
2、The investigation , _____ will soon be published, was made by John. A. at which the results
北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试英语串讲讲义
