A. disturbing令人不安的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. touching动人的；D. warning警告的。根据第15空前后的just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected 和 emotions可知，此处指“令人不安的”情绪。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，这个世界是由那些愿意把手弄脏的人建造的。A. smooth 光滑的，顺利的；B. smart聪明的；C. dirty脏的；D. violent暴力的，猛烈的。根据上文my hands became black可知，此处指建造世界的人愿意把自己的手“弄脏”。故选C。 【32题详解】
A. controlling控制；考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱和学会清理的过程，管道工作也不例外。B. accepting接受；C. finishing完成；D. handling处理。根据第17空后的chaos and learning to clean up,可知，要“接受”混乱。故选B。 【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱和学会清理的过程，管道工作也不例外。A. excuse借口；B. puzzle迷惑；C. description描述；D. exception例外，异议。根据第18空前的chaos and learning to clean up, and pipeline work可知，此处指管道工作也不“例外”。故选D。 【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸和我不仅制造混乱，我们也创造秩序。A. memory记忆；B. luck幸运；C. order 顺序，命令；D. wealth财富。根据第19空前的not only create chaos, we also create可知，也创造“秩序”。 chaos与order相对应。故选C。 【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当顾客对我们的工作心存感激时，我明白我们为他们在小地方的生活带来了秩序。A. grateful 感激的；B. ready有准备的；C. thirsty渴的；D. sorry难过的。作者及父亲是在解决人们的问题，所以人们心存“感激”。故选A。
【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more/though等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。根据第14A. However然而；B. Therefore 小题，句意：然而，就像我讨厌脏乱的管道一样，我也讨厌被这些小情绪所影响。因此；C. Otherwise否则，要不然的话；D. Instead相反，反而。根据第14空后的just like I hate messy pipes, I also hate being affected可知，与上文构成一种“转折”关系。故选A。
第三部分阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
A
Have you seen the movie Coco? What about Finding Nemo? Did you watch The Incredibles? These movies may seem different, but they actually share a lot in common. For starters, they were all made by an animation studio called Pixar.
How can one studio make movies that everyone loves? The secret: Pixar tells stories that audiences of all ages and backgrounds can connect with.The most important part of any Pixar movie is the story itself. GREAT STORYTELLING IS HARD WORK
Storytelling is an art and a skill. Pixar creators know this. They have put a lot of time and thought into what makes a great story. One Pixar storyboard artist named Emma Coates created a list called \Storytelling According to Pixar. These are the rules that all Pixar stories must follow in order to be called a good story.
One rule is that \perfect character. She finds it hard to remember things. She makes silly mistakes, but never stops trying to find her parents. This makes her the hero of her story. If you have ever tried hard for something, you can relate to Dory GREAT STORYTELLING CONNECTS US
Why are the stories that Pixar tells important? They get the audience to feel the story Feelings of anger, fear, sadness, joy, and love are universal. In this way, Pixar's stories have the power to show audience members that we are more alike than different. Because we can connect with the characters' emotions, we can connect with each other
The stories that Pixar tells are very creative. No two movies are the same! But the stories and, more importantly, the feelings in each are universal. Even though we, ve never traveled the the power of these stories inspires us. They push us to better understand each other and to seek out our own adventures 36. What is special about Pixar according to the author? A. It makes the movies very quickly B. It creates all different types of movie C. It creates stories that tough all the audiences. D. It makes a lot of money from their movies 37. How do Pixar films connect with us? A. They teach all of us the same lesson. B. They bring us together to watch movies.
C. Their characters are usually physically similar to us. D. Their characters experience the emotions that we all do 【答案】36. C 37. D 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍名为Pixar的动画工作室以及它的特殊之处。 【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Pixar tells stories that audiences of all ages and backgrounds can connect with.The most important part of any Pixar movie is the story itself.“Pixar讲述的故事让所有年龄和背景的观众都能产生共鸣。Pixar电影最重要的部分就是故事本身。”由此可知，Pixar的特殊之处是“它创造的故事让所有的观众都能产生共鸣。”故选C。 【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据GREAT STORYTELLING CONNECTS US中They get the audience to feel the story Feelings of anger, fear, sadness, joy, and love are universal. In this way, Pixar's stories have the power to show audience members that we are more alike than different.“他们让观众感受到故事中普遍存在的愤怒、恐惧、悲伤、喜悦和爱。通过这种方式，Pixar的故事有能力向观众展示，我们更多的是相似的，而不是不同的。”由此可知，Pixar电影是通过他们的角色经历着我们所有人都经历过的情感与我们联系在一起的。故选D。
B
Is your promotion really necessary? Many workers focus their hopes on climbing the scale of their organizations. The prospect of higher pay helps explain their ambition,but so does the greater status that comes with each successive(连续的) title.
This climb can often end in disappointment. The Peter Principle, developed by Laurence Peter for a book published in 1969, states that workers get promoted until they reach their level of incompetence. It makes perfect sense. If you are good at your job, you rise up the career ladder. Eventually, there will be a job you are not good at and at that point your career will stop.
There is another problem with chasing the promotion fantasy. Many companies have a strong tendency to promote the best sales people. Convincing others to buy goods and services is a useful skill, requiring charm and persistence. But, as the authors point out, these are not the same capabilities as the strategic planning and administrative competence needed to lead a sales team.
The research then looked at what happened after these super-salespeople were promoted Their previous sales performance was actually a negative indicator of managerial success.The sales growth of workers assigned to the star
sellers was 7.5 percentage points lower than for those whose managers were previously weaker performers.
The trick to avoiding this curse is to stick to what you like doing. If you enjoy teaching, don't be a headmaster or college principal. If you like writing articles and columns, editing other people’s work may not give the same degree of satisfaction.
Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance. In Charles Handy's new book, 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges, the experienced management theorist recalls an insight when working for Royal Dutch Shell,an oil giant. \work, I had sold my time to complete strangers with my permission for them to use that time for their own purpose,” he writes.
The higher up the ladder you go, the greater the demands are likely to be on your time.The chief executive will expect you to be available at weekends: after all, that is why you get paid the big bucks.
So that shiny promotion may not be for everyone. Beware the curse of overwork an/dissatisfaction. Some people like to devote their whole lives to their job and be at the centre of events. It is best to let them get on with it. 38. What can we learn about\
A. People’s careers are easily spoiled by unrealistic expectations. B. There are to some degree certain ceilings in people's career paths C. Incompetent employees tend to have more chances to gain promotions D. People don't necessarily get promoted by virtue of their competence
39. Why is Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges mentioned? A. To put forward useful suggestions on how to get promoted B. To show how many challenges we face without getting promoted C. To illustrate the serious consequences of the pursuit of promotion D. To prove the economic security brought along by the promotion. 40. Which of the following might be the best title of this passage? A. The Promotion Satisfaction C. The Promotion Strategies 【答案】38. B 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【分析】
B. The Promotion Curse D. The Promotion Prospect
这是一篇议论文。文章论述的是关于晋升的负面影响。 【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中The Peter Principle, developed by Laurence Peter for a book published in 1969, states that workers get promoted until they reach their level of incompetence. It makes perfect sense. If you are good at your job, you rise up the career ladder. Eventually, there will be a job you are not good at and at that point your career will stop.“由劳伦斯?彼得(Laurence Peter)在1969年出版的一本书中提出的“彼得原则”(The Peter Principle)指出，彼得定理指出，在官僚机构中，只要员工表现良好，可以胜任某一职位，他就会一直得到提拔，直到他们到达一个他们不能胜任的职位为止，然后他们就会一直待在这个职位上，不会再有晋升。”由此判断出，人们的职业生涯在某种程度上是有限度的。故选B。 【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance.“频繁升职的另一个问题是，它会让你变成一个乞求者，无休止地从上级那里寻求他对你的积极的反馈。这导致你失去平衡生活与工作的控制权。”由此判断出，Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges被提到是为了说明追求晋升的严重后果。故选C。 【40题详解】
标题判断题。根据最后一段So that shiny promotion may not be for everyone. Beware the curse of overwork an/dissatisfaction. 所以光鲜的晋升可能并不适合所有人。”当心随之而来的诅咒——过度劳累和满意度降低。由此可知，这篇文章讲述的是晋升的诅咒。所以B项“晋升的诅咒”是最佳主题。故选B。
【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。根据第六段中Another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it turns you into a supplicant, endlessly in search of favourable feedback from the higher-ups. This can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance.“频繁升职的另一个问题是，它会让你变成一个乞求者，无休止地从上级那里寻求有利的反馈。这导致你失去平衡生活与工作的控制权。”由此可知，Charles Handy's new book 21 Letters On Life And Its Challenges被提到是为了说明追求晋升的严重后果。故选C。
C.
In 2010,the planetary(行星的）defence team at NASA had identified and logged 90 percent of the asteroids(小
2019-2020学年度江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调查英语试题答案解析与点睛(28页)
