【典型例题2】
I still remember the college and the teachers__________ I visited in London years ago. 【2018安徽】 A. what
B. who
C. that
D. which
【考点精析】C. 本题考查定语从句关系代词的特殊用法。句意为“我仍然记得许多年前在伦敦参观过的 大学以及拜访过的老师”。本题中先行词是“the college and the teachers（既有人，又有物）”，这时，关 系代词只能用that。 【举一反三】
只用that的情况 当先行词 被最高级修饰时 是不定代词或被其修饰时 被the only, the very修饰时 被序数词修饰时 即包括人又包括物时
【即学即练】
1. 他做了他所能做的一切来帮助我。
典型例句 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. Is there anything that I can do for you? That is the only thing that I can do now. The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. _________________________________________________ 2. 她是我唯一喜欢的女孩。
_________________________________________________ 3. 我们谈论了我们在校时所遇到的人和事。
_________________________________________________ 4. 这是我要说的第一件事。
_________________________________________________ 5. 她是我见过的最善良的姑娘。
_________________________________________________ 【答案】1. He did all/everything that he could (do) to help me. 2. She is the only gilr that I like.
3. We talked about the people and the things that we remembered at school. 4. This is the first thing that I want to say. 5. She is the kindest girl that I have ever seen.
6
定语从句
考点三: 关系副词引导的定语从句
【典型例题】
This is the primary school ______ I studied three years ago. 【2018四川宜宾】 A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which
【考点精析】A. 本题考查定语从句关系副词的基本用法。句意为“这就是我三年前就读的小学”。本题 中先行词为“the primary school（表示地点）”，另外从句部分“I studied three years ago”缺少地点状语， 实际上应该是 “I studied in the primary school three years ago.”故空格部分需要一个关系副词，它能够在 从句中担当地点状语，只有A项符合题意。 【举一反三】
关系副词 where when why 【即学即练】
1. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village________ his family lived ten years ago. 【2018山东德州】 A. when
B. which
C. where
D. that
先行词 表示地点 表示时间 表示原因 所担当成分 地点状语 时间状语 原因状语 典型例句 I never forget the day _______ my sister was born. I never forget the village _______ I spent my childhood. I don’t know the reason _______ he was late for school. 2. August 1st, 1927 was the day ________ the PLA was founded. A. that B. which
C. who D. when
3. Nobody knows the reason ________ she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. which
C. why
D. when
4. I began to work in Shanghai in the year _______ HongKong was returned to China. 【2018 湖北十堰】 A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
5. --What do you usually do in your leisure time? 【2018 黑龙江哈尔滨】 --I enjoy reading in the library _______ I lose myself in a world of good books. A. which B. that C. where
D. when
6. I can’t forget the time _______ the earthquake happened in Yushu. 【2018 青海宁夏】 A. when
B. which
C. that
D. where
7. I still remember the park we first met. 【2018 广东】 A. that
B. which C. where
7
D. when
8. I love places ________ the people are really friendly. A. that
B. which
C. where
D. who
【答案】1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.C
一般来说，定语从句关系代词和关系副词的判定，主要看从句中缺何种成分，如若 缺少主、宾、表、定等成分，则选择关系代词；如若缺少状语，则选择关系副词。其次
教学点拨 再根据先行词的内容（指人、指物、指时间、指地点、指原因等），确定答案。 考点四: 关系副词的特殊用法
【典型例题】
Is this the river _____I can swim？ A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. the one
【考点精析】B. 本题考查定语从句关系副词的特殊用法。句意为“这就是我可以在里面游泳的河吗”。 本题中先行词为the river（相当于地点），从句部分“I can swim”缺少地点状语，补充完整后为“I can swim in the river.”根据前面所讲，应该选择关系副词where，但四个选项中没有这个选项，故要换一种思路 来完成此题。一般情况下，关系副词可以转换成“相对应的介词 + which”，故本题答案为in which。 【举一反三】
关系副词转换为关系代词 where 相应介词 + which when 相应介词 + which why for + which 【即学即练】
将下列定语从句中的关系副词转换为关系代词 1. I will never forget the year when I went to university. 2. I have found a peaceful place where I can study. 3. I don’t know the reason why he was unfriendly to me. 【答案】1. in which
2. in which
3. for which
典型例句 She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married. She wants to visit the village where (=in which) she was born. She finally told us the reason why (=for which) she was late. 8
定语从句
考点五: 非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
【典型例题】
Beijing, ________ is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city. A. where
B. that
C. which
D. in which
【考点精析】C. 本题考查非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别。句意为“北京是中国的首都，它 是一座美丽的城市”。本题与前面所看到的定语从句不同之处在于：从句部分与主句部分用逗号隔开了， 这表明该题属于非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句基本要求之一是：不能用that引导，故首先将that 排除；其次根据从句部分缺少主语，可知只有C正确。 【举一反三】
区别 形式上 意义上 译法上 限制性定语从句 主句和从句之间无逗号 从句不可缺少，否则意义不完整 非限制性定语从句 主句和从句之间有逗号隔开 从句对先行词补充说明，删除后主句意义依然完整 一般译为先行词的定语：“……的” 通常译成主句的并列句 ① 作宾语时可以省略 ② 可以用that引导 ① 作宾语时也不能省略 ② 不能用that引导 ③ who不能代替whom作宾语 ④ 可以用for which，不能用why 关系词③ who可以代替whom作宾语 使用上 ④ why和for which可以互换 ⑤ which所代替的先行词是一个词 ⑤ which所代替的先行词可是一个词，也可是整个主句 【即学即练】
1. She heard a terrible noise, ________ frightened her. A. that
B. which
C. what
D. who
2. I had told them the reason, ________ I didn’t attend the meeting. A. for which
B. at which
C. for whom
D. why
3. He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, ________ he loved as his own mother. A. who
B. which
C. /
D. whom
4. He is working hard, ________ will make him pass the final exam. A. that
B. which
C. for which
D. who
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B
9
过关斩将
1. --What are you looking for? 【2018长沙】
--I’m looking for the watch __________I bought yesterday. A. which B. who C. whose
2. Don’t throw away pens and erasers __________you haven’t used up. 【2018本溪】 A. where
B. which
C. who
D. what
3. I can’t find the book __________my mother bought me. 【2018鞍山】 A. who
B. when
C. which
D. what
4. Most of my friends like loud music __________they can dance to. 【2018遂宁】 A. that
B. what
C. when
5. --Do you know the little boy __________is helping the old man cross the road? 【2018吉林】 --No. But how nice he is!
A. which B. who 6. --We are proud of Mo Yan. 【2018莆田】
--Yes. He is a great writer __________won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012.
C. whom
A. which B. who C. what
7. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house __________has new furniture in it. 【2018山西】 A. who
B. where C. that
8. The first thing __________I am going to do this evening is to write to my father. 【2018茂名】 A. that
B. which
C. who
9. The H7N9 bird flu is a disease __________can be very dangerous. 【2018大庆】 A. /
B. who
C. what
D. which
10. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village __________his family lived ten years ago. 【2018德州】 A. when
B. which
C. where
D. that
11. A friend is someone __________says, \ 【2018河南】 A. who
B. which
C. what
D. whose
12. A Wechat (微信) is an invention ________can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely. A. which
B. who
C. whose
10
D /
2019中考英语专题16：定语从句（带答案）
