UNIT 6
Section One Tactics for Listening
Part 1 Spot Dictation
Wind and Spirit
We do notice the wind when it seems (1) cruel, when the trees turn away from it, and it (2) cuts into our hearts. \ temper bad\, said George Eliot. In Southern California, the Santa Ana is (4) associated with an increase in depression and domestic (5) violence.
Scientists have tried (6) without success to identify physiological reasons for these (7) reactions. Everyone agrees, however, that (8) dry winds like the Santa Ana, the mistral in France and the foehn* in Germany and Switzerland seem to have (9) negative effects on our mental and physical (10) well-being.
On windy days, playground fights, (11) suicides and heart failures are more (12) frequent. In Geneva, traffic accidents (13) increase when a wind called the bise* blows. At the (14) request of patients, some Swiss and German hospitals (15) postpone surgery during the foehn.
It is human to ask what is (16) behind the wind. It is easy to personify the wind as the (17) breath of God. The act of taking wind into our lungs is what (18) gives us life. The Jews, Arabs, Romans and Greeks all took their word for (19) spirit from the word for wind.
But our day-to-day lives are no longer (20 blown on the winds. We do not
identify wind with spirit anymore.
Part 2 Listening for Gist
A cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about ￡10,000. One of the 66 passengers heard a strange \plane landed in Copenhagen. Mechanics arrived immediately and the airline company phoned for an animal ambulance. The mechanics found the cat after eight hours' work. It had got into the air-conditioning system in Nairobi. The plane was twelve hours late leaving for Tokyo, costing the company ￡10,000. The cat was quite well after its experience and was given a large bowl of milk and a plate of fish.
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Directions: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.
The topic sentence is \A cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about ￡10.000.\
Section Two Listening Comprehension
Part 1 Dialogue
What a Coincidence!
Storyteller: Talking of coincidences, did I tell you about what happened to me and
Jeannie last holiday? Friend(s): No.
Storyteller: We went on holiday in the States and we went to Mexico. Well, we were driving down to Mexico City. We were going to spend a few days in Palm Beach ... see the sea, look up an old friend, you know. As we left there we stopped at a garage for a car check ... oil, the water, the tires, all that ... petrol. And the mechanics spotted something. They said that our fuel pump was not working properly and it was quite serious ... it would cost a lot of money ... well, we were very worried. Friend(s): Were you insured?
Storyteller: Well, no, we weren't and I didn't have that much money on me, you know. It was meant to be a cheap holiday. Well, just then, two men drove up and they said what's the problem? And, do you know? They were mechanics - it was such good luck. They looked at our car and they said, \nothing wrong with your car. Don't spend money on it. Just forget about it.\er, I thought ... I'll trust them, I think they're right. So, we drove on, we crossed the Mexican border and had a marvelous few days sightseeing there round Monterey. Friend(s):Oh, oh, brilliant ... jealous ...
Storyteller: And then we went on and on to Mexico City. We drove about forty kilometers and then we saw a car with the same US number plates as the other car we'd seen in Palm Beach. Friend(s): You're joking!
Storyteller: It was parked by the road, and the same two men who gave us the advice
about our car were stuck with their car. Friend(s): Oh, no!
Storyteller: So, we stopped and asked them what was wrong. And do you know? Their car had broken down for exactly the same reason: The fuel pump wasn't working! It was quite extraordinary. esicrexE
Directions: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)
l. T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.F
Part 2 Passage
Corporate Culture
1.How well the employee \job-search success and failure.
2.It guides how employees think, act, and feel.
3.The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers is part of the corporate culture.
4.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months.
5.It should be a place where you can have a voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth.
Why should jobseekers care about a potential employer's corporate culture? Aren't there more important factors to consider, such as the job itself, salary and bonuses, and fringe benefits（附加福利）? These factors are indeed important, but increasingly career experts are talking about the importance of employee-employer fit in terms of culture, with the idea that how well the employee \culture can make the difference between job-search success and failure.
What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it's described as the personality of an organization, or simply as \things are done around here\It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term（广义的术语） used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics（企业伦理，公司道德）, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed in the company's mission statement（宗旨） and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.
How does a company's culture affect you? In many, many ways. For instance: ? The hours you work per day, per week, including options such as flextime and telecommuting.
? The work environment, including how employees interact, the degree of competition, and whether it's a fun or hostile environment - or something in-between.
? The dress code, including the accepted styles of attire* and things such as casual days.
? The office space you get, including things such as cubicles*, window offices, and rules regarding display of personal items.
? The training and skills development you receive, which you need both on the job and to keep yourself marketable for future jobs and employers. ? Onsite perks（特别的待遇）, such as break rooms, gyms and play rooms, daycare facilities, and more.
? The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers. ? Interaction with other employees, including managers and top management. How do you uncover the corporate culture of a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.
If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:
? What's it really like to work here?
? What skills and characteristics does the company value? ? How do people get promoted around here?
? The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lot of time in the work environment ---and to be happy, successful and productive, you’ll want to be
in a place where you fit the culture, a place where you can have a voice, be respected and have opportunity for growth.
A：Pre-listening Question Many articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referred to as \Culture\The dictionary defines culture as \education\organization based on the beliefs, attitudes, and priorities of its members\
Every organization has its own unique culture or value set. Most organizations don't consciously try to create a certain culture. The culture of the organization is typically created unconsciously, based on the values of the top management or the founders of an organization. B：Sentence Dictation Directions: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times
C：Detailed Listening Directions: Listen to the passage and complete the following paragraphs
At its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization. It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a
broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can also be expressed in the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.
A company's culture affects you in many ways, such as the working hours, the work environment, the dress code, the office space you get, the training and skills development you receive, onsite perks, the amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers and interaction with other employees, including managers and top management. D：After-listening Discussion Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions. 1. The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.
If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as: What's it really like to work here? What skills and characteristics does the company value? How do
people get promoted around here? 2. (Open)
Section Three
News News Item 1
On his way home from his first official visit to the United States, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari stopped in London for two days of discussions. His first meeting was with British Prime Minister Gordon Brown at his official residence.
At a joint news conference, Mr. Brown praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.
Because of this, Mr. Brown said Britain is pledging $18 million worth of additional humanitarian aid in the form of food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.
In addition to the aid, the Prime Minister said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues.
Mr. Brown said helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.
Mr. Zardari said the fight against extremists in particular is a struggle that will not be solved overnight.
Islamabad says 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas.
A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary .
This news item is about an anti-Taliban campaign that British and Pakistani leaders discussed. B: Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions. 1. He stopped in London for two days of discussions. 2. British Prime Minister Gordon Brown.
3. He praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in Swat valley.
4. It included food, water, shelter and sanitation that will be directed at those being displaced in the northwest.
5. He said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues.
6. Helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government. 7. 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas.
News Item 2
Israel-Palestine
Palestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz* was among those detained.
The Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement claimed responsibility for the killings. Mr Arafat says he has formed a committee to investigate the attack on the kibbutz.
In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.
Israeli officials say the gunman came from Tulkarem but that he was following orders of AIAqsa leaders in Nablus. By midday Tuesday Palestinian witnesses were reporting that Israeli troops were gathering outside the West Bank town.
Israeli authorities say Palestinian militants from Fatah and Hamas in Nablus are behind a series of attacks against Israelis over the past few months.
The latest violence comes as US envoy* David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.
A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary. This news item is about a recent conflict between Palestine and Israel.
B: Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.
Palestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz was among
those detained.
In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.
The latest violence comes as US envoy David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.
News Item 3
Officials say there are no easy, quick or purely military solutions to the Somali piracy problem. But the top U.S. military officer, Admiral Mike Mullen, told ABC's Good Morning America television program Tuesday the taking and rescue of the American cargo ship captain led him to order a new effort to find ways to effectively deal with the pirates.
Admiral Mullen and Defense Secretary Robert Gates say there is no purely military solution to the Somali piracy problem. Piracy continues to rise, even as navy ships from 16 nations patrol the area. And Gates said Monday that the problem is \going to get worse%until the international community can, in his words, \of poor people\
Efforts by some ship owners to secure their ships have had some success. They have installed barbed wire, removed ladders and changed their routes, among other
steps. But there has been resistance to proposals to put armed guards on commercial ships.
Corporations have paid tens of millions of dollars for the safe return of ships and their crews in the area in recent years. Last year, there were 111 piracy incidents in the region, triple the number the previous year. And this year, there have already been nearly 70 incidents.
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Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary. This news item is about the US looking for new approaches to Somali piracy.
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Directions: Listen'to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6. F 7. T 8. T
Section Four Supplementary Exercise Part1 Feature Report
New Iranian nuclear head urges mutual trust with west
Iranian government TV says that the country's new nuclear energy chief, Ali Akbar Salehi is urging the West to end hostilities with Tehran and to start building
trust.
\and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have finished,\he insists, \
\added, \more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutual confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility.\
They were Salehi's first comments to the media, since being appointed by President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, Friday, following the resignation of veteran nuclear negotiator Gholam Reza Aghazadeh.
The soft-spoken Salehi was educated at the American University of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Salehi is Iran's former envoy to the International Atomic Energy Agency and signed a protocol allowing for freer inspections of Iran's nuclear sites. His appointment appears to be something of a gesture to the U.S.
Neither the U.S., nor the other members of the so-called Group of five-plus-one, including the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, plus Germany, however, is likely to agree with Salehi about the closure of Tehran's nuclear file.
U.S. President Barack Obama warned Tehran, during the G-8 summit in Italy, that the world is giving it until September to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program.
Iran has persistently refused to stop enriching uranium, and the West fears that it will use highly enriched uranium to build atomic weapons.
The Iranian government, however, continues to insist that its nuclear program is intended for peaceful, civilian purposes, alone.
Iran analyst Meir Javedanfar of the MEEPAS (Middle East Economic and Political Analysis) center in Tel Aviv argues that Tehran is hardening its position over its nuclear dossier, in response to Western criticism over its violent crackdown against its own people following the June 12 presidential elections.
Javedanfar, however, believes that those who are seeking a compromise with Iran should not despair completely, because Iranian leaders are pragmatists, and may at the end of the day be ready for an agreement.
Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran was preparing to present a \package\of proposals, concerning what he called \
Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has also warned the West that Tehran would weigh their criticism over its crackdown on protesters following the June 12 election, in assessing future relations with their countries.
A: Directions: Listen to the radio program and complete the summary. This news report is about Salehi’s and the Iranian government’s attitude towards nuclear case.
B: Directions: Listen to the program again and complete the following sentences.
Iranian Nuclear energy Chief
Name Ali Akbar Salehi
Education Salehi was educated at the American university of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Previous position Salehi is Iran’s former envoy to the international Atomic Energy Agency. His comments on Legal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have Iranian program nuclear finished. And there is no room left to keep this case open. We hope that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutual confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility. 1. The so-called Group of five-plus-one are not likely to agree with Salehi about the closure of Tehran’s nuclear file.
2. U.S. president Barak Obama warned Tehran that the world is giving it until September to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program during the G-8 summit in Italy.
3. Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran was preparing to present a \package\of proposals, concerning what he called \
Part 2 Passage
Globalization
1) The World Trade Organization is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretive international bodies on earth.
2) Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend. 3) Used properly, fire can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat our homes. Used carelessly, it can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant. 4) Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits.
5) They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, they will see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.
Globalization is the present worldwide drive toward a globalized economic system dominated by supranational* corporate trade and banking institutions that are not accountable to democratic processes or national governments.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretive international bodies on earth. It is rapidly assuming the role of global government, as 134 nation-states, including the US, have ceded* to its vast authority and powers. The WTO represents the rules-based regime of the policy of economic globalization. The central operating principle of the WTO is that commercial interests should supersede* all others. Any obstacles in the path of operations and expansion of global business enterprise must be subordinated. In practice these \are usually policies or democratic processes that act on behalf of working people, labor rights, environmental protection, human rights, consumer rights, social justice, local culture, and national sovereignty.
Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend. Today it is
an overarching international system shaping the domestic politics and foreign relations of virtually every country, and we need to understand it as such.
As thoughtful people concerned about world affairs, our job is to pick up \and then nurture and promote the good parts and mitigate* or slow down the bad parts. Globalization is much like fire.
Fire itself is neither good nor bad. Used properly, it can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat our homes. Used carelessly, fire can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant. As Friedman* says:
\can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive*. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows* stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing* cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider.\
Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits. Just as capitalism requires a network of governing systems to keep it from devouring societies, globalization requires vigilance and the rule of law.
Antitrust laws, the Securities and Exchange Commission, labor unions, charities, the Federal Trade Commission, and countless other agencies and organizations keep American capitalism in check. Similar transparent mechanisms are needed to make sure globalization is a positive force in the world.
Globalization will always have cheerleaders who are blind to the destruction globalization can cause. And it will always have strident* opponents blind to the way globalization gives some people their first opportunity to fulfill basic aspirations.
As with most issues, the majority of people will be in the middle. They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, they will see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone. Exercise D After-listening Discussion
Directions: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions. 1. Milton Friedman says, \incredibly coercive. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider.\
施心远主编《听力教程》3 - （第2版）Unit - 6答案
