Unit 2 Cloning
基础自主检测
Ⅰ.英译汉 1.procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续 阅读 识记 2.arbitrary adj. 任意的 Ⅱ.汉译英 1.straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的 3.attain vt. 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等) 2.cast vt. 扔；投；掷 4.constitution n. 宪法；章程 5.initial adj. 最初的；开始的 6.adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 1.breakthrough n. 突破 2.altogether adv. 总共；完全地 3.obtain vt. 获得；赢得 4.forbid vt. 禁止；不准 3.moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的 4.vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 高频 应用 5.compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的 6.owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于…… 7.shortly adv. 立刻；不久 8.bother vt. 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰 9.strike vt.& vi. 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工 10.drawback n. 缺点；不利条件 1.differ (vi.) 不同；相异→difference (n.) 不同；差异→different (adj.) 不同的 2.exact (adj.) 精确的；准确的→exactly (adv.) 精确地；准确地 3.undertake (vt.) 着手；从事；承担→ undertaking (n.) 任务；项目；事业；保证；企业 4.correction (n.) 改正；纠正；修正→correct (vt.) 改正；纠正 拓展 变形 5.object (vi.) 反对；不赞成→objection (n.) 不赞成；反对；异议 6.accumulate (vt. & vi.) 积累；聚积→accumulation (n.) 积累；聚积 7.retire (vi.) 退休；离开→retirement (n.) 退休，退职；退役→retired (adj.) 退休的；离职的 8.assumption (n.) 假定；设想→assume (vt.) 假定；设想 9.regulation (n.) 规则；规章；法规→regular (adj.) 规则的；有规律的→regulate (vt.) 控制；管理；调节 10.resist (vt.) 抵抗；对抗→resistance (n.) 抵抗力；反抗→resistant (adj.) 有抵抗力的；耐……的 11.merely (adv.) 仅；只；不过→mere (adj.) 仅仅；小的 12.decoration (n.) 装饰→decorate (v.) 装饰；布置 13.fairly (adv.) 公平地；相当地→fairness (n.) 公平→fair (adj.) 公平的；适当的；合理的 14.reasonable (adj.) 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的→unreasonable (反义词) (adj.) 不合情理的→reason (n.) 理由；原因
1.“动词＋副词”构成的合成名词 ①drawback 缺点 ②breakdown 崩溃；故障 ③farewell 告别 ④feedback 反馈 ⑤set-up 计划；组织 ⑥break-up 分手；中断 2.含词根-sist的词 ①resist v. 抵抗 ②insist v. 坚持 ③persist v. 坚持 ④assist v. 协助 ⑤consist vi. 由……组成
一 动词＋介/副词
1.pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 2.cast down 使失望；使沮丧
3.strike ... into one's heart 使某人对……刻骨铭心 4.bring back to life 使复生；使复活 5.owe ... to 把……归功于…… 二 其他
6.in favo(u)r of 赞成；支持
7.(be) bound to (do) ... 一定或注定(做)…… 8.from time to time 不时；偶尔 9.in vain 白费力气；枉费心机
10.in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏
1.“in＋名词＋of”短语
①in favour of 赞成；支持 ②in search of 寻找 ③in view of 鉴于；由于 ④in memory of 为了纪念 ⑤in honour of 为了纪念 ⑥in terms of 就……而言 2.“v.＋off”短语
①pay off 偿清 ②cut off 切断 ③take off 起飞 ④turn off 关闭 ⑤put off 推迟
⑥give off 发出光/热/气体等 3.“in＋名词”短语
①in vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ②in relief 如释重负地
③in short 总之；简言之 ④in trouble 陷入麻烦 ⑤in need 在困难中 ⑥in danger 在危险中 ________________________________________________
1.while 表对比关系，“然而；可是”
Cloning plants is straightforward while (然而) cloning animals is very complicated.(教材P11)
2.当now，then位于句首，谓语是come，appear等且主语为名词时，句子完全倒装 Then came (传来) the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.(教材P11～P12)
3.The advantage is that ... “其优点是……”，that引导表语从句
The_advantage_is_that (优点是) if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.(教材P15)
4.based on ... “建立在……的基础之上”，过去分词短语作状语
Based_on (建立在……基础之上) what we know now, you can not clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.(教材P15)
单句语法填空
1.It is a way of ________ (make) an exact copy of another animal or plant. 答案：making
2.The fact is ________ these are both examples of natural clones. 答案：that
3.But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid ________ in 1996 with a breakthrough.
答案：off
4.The fact ________ she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 答案：that
5.Cloning scientists were cast ________ to find ________ Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.
答案：down; that
6.Newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves ________ (attain) their ambitions.
答案：to attain
7.Dolly's death, like her birth, was bound ________ (raise) worries. 答案：to raise
8.The initial requirement is ________ you need perfect DNA. 答案：that
9.All efforts of cloning an animal will be ________ vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.
答案：in
10.Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes ________ (arrange) in different ways.
答案：arranged
考点步步冲关
1 undertake vt.着手；从事；承担；保证；答应 It is a difficult task to undertake.(P11) 它是一项很难完成的任务。
undertake sth. 着手/从事/承担某事 undertake to do sth. 保证/答应做某事 undertake that ... 保证……
undertake responsibility/a task 承担责任/任务 即时练1
单句语法填空
①The police are said ________ (undertake) detailed investigations into the case at present.
②Cooking, traditionally ________ (undertake) by mothers, has been often taken over by fathers nowadays.
③Whether or not the construction of the bridge ________ (undertake) by our company remains to be seen.
答案：①to be undertaking ②undertaken ③will be undertaken 2 objection n．不赞成；反对；异议
On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.(P12)
另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。
(1)raise an objection to sth. 对某事提出异议
make/take/have an objection to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事 (2)object n. 物体；目标 vi. 反对；不赞成 object to sb./sth. 反对某人/某事 object to doing sth. 反对做某事 object that ... 反对……
(3)objective adj. 真实的；客观的；无偏见的
[名师点津] (1)object to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
(2)object表示“反对”，为不及物动词，接宾语需加介词to；oppose表示“反对”，为及物动词，接宾语不需加介词to。be opposed to ... 表示“反对……，和……相反”。
即时练2 单句语法填空
①I have no objection ________ your going, but you must promise to come back before ten.
②As long as you can guarantee safety and low cost, we haven't any slightest ________ (object)．
③Do you have any objection to ________ (change) your working hours?
④The journalist had many pictures of the woman secretly taken even though she objected to ________ (photograph)．
⑤I find it difficult to be ________ (object) where you're concerned.
2021高考英语一轮统考复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Book8Unit2Cloning学案(含解析)新人教版
