考研英语英语词汇词根词缀大全 Ⅰ.常见的后缀 1. 常见的名词后缀 (1)表示“人和物〞 -an American historian
-ian Italian Canadian politician -ant assistant accountant participant -ent student president resident -ee employee trainee attendee -er writer speaker waiter -or actor conductor sailor -ess waitress hostess actress -ist socialist novelist scientist
(2)表示“性质、状态、动作、行为〞的抽象名词 -ability suitability probability -ibility possibility responsibility -age marriage shortage carriage -al arrival refusal revival survival
-ance acceptance importance distance ignorance -ence dependence existence difference conference -dom freedom wisdom seldom
-ery slavery bravery discovery robbery -hood childhood adulthood neighborhood -ion election construction conduction -ition composition competition
-ation modernization civilization alteration -ism pessimism optimism socialism
-ment movement government encouragement - 276 -
-ness kindness carelessness
-ship friendship leadership relationship -ure exposure failure measure leisure 2. 常见的动词后缀
表示“使(成为)〞 “使……化〞 -ate circulate decorate regulate alternate
-en strengthen weaken broaden widen lighten -ify classify simplify specify qualify certify -ize realize organize criticize recognize
-ish Astonish cherish establish finish punish polish vanish accomplish abolish 3. 常见的形容词后缀
(1)表示“具有……性质的〞 -al national cultural natural -an American republican
-ian Italian Canadian Christian
-ant pleasant resistant distant constant -ent different confident excellent -ary necessary imaginary customary
1 / 4
-ory compulsory contradictory -ate considerate fortunate
-ese Chinese Taiwanese Cantonese -ic heroic poetic economic
-some troublesome handsome quarrelsome (2)表示“充满或缺乏〞
-free duty-free carefree worry-free -ful hopeful useful wonderful helpful -less hopeless useless needless
-(i)ous dangerous various anxious serious -y rainy dirty hairy (3)表示“类似〞 - 277 -
-ish childish stylish greenish -like childlike businesslike -ly brotherly friendly deadly (4)表示“主、被动〞意义
-able comfortable capable portable disable -ible responsible sensible visible
-ive negative positive passive decisive (5)表示“方向〞
-ward downward backward forward westward upward 4. 常见的副词后缀
-ly successfully strongly quickly angrily slowly -ward(s) downwards eastwards -wise clockwise likewise otherwise Ⅱ.常见的前缀
1. 表示“否认或逆转〞
de- defeat defend define deform
dis- disappear disagree disorder disgust in- incorrect inactive incapable inaccurate il- illegal illogical illiberal
im- impossible immature imperfect impatient ir- irregular irrelevant irresponsible mis- misuse mislead misunderstanding non- non-stop nonsense non-violence un- unhappy unlucky unpleasant 2. 表示“时间顺序〞
ex- ex-president ex-wife ex-husband fore- foretell forehead foresee forecast mid- middle midfield midnight midterm - 278 -
post- post-war postgraduate postpone pre- prepare prepay premature predict re- recall repair rebuild rewrite 3. 表示“方向或位置〞 ex- export exclude expel exert
2 / 4
in- invade include indicate indoor infect im- import immigrate imitate impact impair inter- international interactive interchange sub- subway subsequent subtitle
tele- telephone telescope telecommunication trans- transparent transport transplant translate 4. 表示“程度、大小或差异〞 macro- macroeconomics
micro- microscope Microsoft micro-oven mini- minibus miniskirt minimum over- overwork overuse overhear
super- supermarket superpower superb superstar
under- underdeveloped underestimate underline undermine vice- vice-president vice-principal 5. 表示“数量〞
bi- bicycle bimonthly bilingual bilateral kilo- kilometer kilogram kilohertz kilowatt mono- monolingual monologue monopoly multi- multiple multifunctional multinational semi- semifinal semiconductor semiconscious tri- triangle tricycle triple trilateral uni- unicycle unique universal uniform 6. 变换词类的前缀
be- befriend belittle behead - 279 -
en- enable endanger enjoy enlarge endear enrich ensure em- embrace employ embitter embody embezzle Ⅲ.常见的词根
audi=hear audience auditorium audible audition ced(cess)=go Precede proceed process successor successive recede exceed excess
cept=take except exception exceptional accept acceptance acceptable intercept reception deception concept conception receptive
circle encircle semicircle circular circulate circulation circumstance clud(clus)=close,shut exclude exclusive include inclusive conclude conclusion elude (decide, decisive, decision)
cord=heart record recorder concord concordant accord accordant discord cred=believe, trust credit credible discredit incredible credulous incredulous cur(curs, cour)=run occur occurrence current currency course recur recurrent dict(dic)=say contradict dictate predict prediction indicate indication dictionary duc(duct)=lead educate introduce introduction conduct product reduce reduction deduce
fer=bring, carry conference confer differ different offer prefer preferable transfer defer
fus=pour refuse refusal confuse confusion transfuse transfusion ject=throw project inject reject rejection subject subjective object objective eject
3 / 4
考研_英语词汇词根词缀大全完全版
