[强烈推荐]高一英语上重要语法讲解

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分析：本题考查it做形式主语的句型：英语正在作为一种国际性语言被接受是一个事实。选择D

5. It was in the small house ___ was built with stones by his father ___he spent his childhood. A. which ; that B. that ; where C. which ; which D. that ; which

分析：本题考查带有定语从句的强调句型用法。句中：“___ was built with stones by his father的定语从句。被强调的部分是in the small house ___ was built with stones by his father。根据句意：他正是在他父亲用石头盖的房子里度过了他的童年。故选择A

二. 单句改错：

1. That is said that this novel has been translated into several languages. 分析：根据句意：据说这部小说已经被译成多种语言。表示据说，应当说：It is said that…。That改为：It

2. Is this your turn to clean the blackboard ? 分析：根据句意：该轮到你擦黑板了吧？ 轮到某人做某事：It is one’s turn to do….This 改为：it

3. It is known to everyone, the moon travels around the earth once every month.

分析：表示“众所周知”可以说：It is known to everyone that+陈述句。或：As is known to everyone，+陈述句。It 改为：As, 或去掉“，”加连词that

4. The official made this clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem. 分析：根据句意：这位官员宣布将尽一切力量解决这个问题。固定结构应当是：make it clear that+陈述句。It在此是形式宾语。This改为：it

5. It was in the park where the old couple told me their love story. 分析：根据句意可以知道本句用了强调句型，强调地点：in the park 所以按照强调句型的结构where改为：that

6. Although we can’t see them, there is air around us. 分析：句中的代词them根据句意应当指代后面的air，但air是不可数名词，因此them改为：it

三. 翻译句子：

1. 直到星期三我才给办公室去电话。 分析：表达“直到??才??”可以用not…until…引导的时间状语从句；也用强调句型；或倒装句。

翻译：

（1）I didn’t telephone the office until Wednesday.

（2）It was not until Wednesday that I telephoned the office. （3）Not until Wednesday did I telephone the office.

2. 只有当我们看不清楚的时候，我们才意识到我们眼睛的重要性。 分析：本句可以用强调句表达，也可以用倒装句： 翻译：

（1）It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are. （2）Only when we cannot see perfectly do we realize how important our eyes are. 3. It was in surgery that the results of that discovery were obtained, and it was there that the battle between the new idea and the old prejudices was fought out most dramatically.

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翻译：那些发现的成果是在外科医学中获得的，也正是在那里，新思想与旧偏见用最富有戏剧性的方式展开了战斗。

【模拟试题】

一. 单项选择：

1. Nobody thinks very polite to be always cutting in when another person is talking. A. that B. this C. it D. there

2. I was disappointed with the film, I had expected to be much better. A. this B. that C. one D. it 3. He tore up my photo and upset me. A. this B. it C. which D. what

4. It was with great courage the boy told the truth he had stolen the money. A. which ; that B. when ; what C. as ; that D. that ; that

5. When I try to find that prevents so many people from taking part in the program, it seems to me that there are two main causes.

A. what it does B. what it is C. why it does D. why it is

6. Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes will be a boy. A. he B. that C. it D. there

二. 句型转换：

将下列陈述句按划线的内容变为强调句。 1. The children often help their parents do the farm work. 2. In 1993, a tomato was developed that was very different from any grown before. 3. The biggest problem of Chinese farmers is the shortage of arable land. 4. Future agriculture should depend on high technology as well as traditional methods.

三. 阅读理解：

A

It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures（手势）. However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.

In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”, while in some pats of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”.

Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad. Also putting your clasped（紧握的）hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship.

In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger（食指）, and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.”

It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something.

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Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that can not be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day.

1. Which of the following is true?

A. People all over the world only communicate by words.

B. Many gestures either have different meanings or no meanings at all. C. Gestures are the most common way to communicate. D. People can talk about anything in another country. 2. In Greece nodding your head means “_________.” A. Yes. B. No C. I heard you D. I am the winner 3. Putting the thumb up should not be used in _____. A. Greece B. the USA C. England D. China

4. What does this sentence mean “….your action can speak louder than your words” ? A. What you do is better than what you say. B. You try your best to be polite.

C. You are better understood by your gestures than through your words. D. What you say is better than what you do.

5. The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, _____. A. it is important to know the language.

B .it is important to know what you talk about to a foreigner.

C. to know how to communicate without words is as important as to know the language. D. to communicate through gestures is more important than to know the language.

B

“In the old days,” as one wife said. “ The husband was the husband and the wife was the wife.” In the past husbands each had their own way of going on. The wives’ jobs were to look after them.

“The wives wouldn’t stand for it nowadays. Husbands help with the children now. They stay more, as well as have more interest, at home.” We shall give some examples of what husbands do, firstly in sharing work with their wives; and secondly, in their largely independent domain（领域）of house repairs.

“Some husbands, as well as doing much of the heavy work in the home, carrying the coals, and emptying the rubbish, act as assistants to their wives for at least part of the day.” Mr. Hammond washes up the dishes every night and lays the breakfast for the morning. Mr. Clark said that on Sunday mornings he usually hovered（吸尘）around and read plays aloud for his wife while she did a bit of washing. Mr. Davis polishes the floors and helps to make the beds at weekend, and during weekdays, takes the dog out for one of his twice-daily walks. So it goes on…. 1. The expression “act as assistants to their wives” means that ____. A. husbands read plays aloud.

B. husbands are paid by their wives. C. husbands help their wives.

D. husbands look after their sick children.

2. the meaning of the wife’s words at the beginning of the passage were that ____.

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A. in the past men stayed at home all day.

B. in the past there was a clear division of role in the family. C. in the past most boys and girls were married at an early age. D. in the past wives and husbands lived separately. 3. What does Mr. Davis do at weekends ? A. He cleans the floors and makes the beds.

B. He reads plays aloud and does the weekly shopping. C. He cooks food for his wife. D. He takes the dog out for a walk.

4. In the past, the woman’s main job was to ___. A. take the children to school. B. take care of their husband. C. do the washing up. D. dig the garden.

5. The passage is mainly about____.

A. the division of husbands, wives and children. B. how to get on well between husbands and wives.

C. the relationship between husband, wives and children. D. the relationship between husband and wives today.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. C，it在句中做形式宾语。句型为think it +形容词+to do something 2. D，it在句中作为代词指代前面说的film

3. B，it作为代词指代前面He tore up my photo这件事。

4. D，这是一个带有同位语从句的强调句，“这个男孩怀着极大的勇气说出了他偷东西的真相。he had stolen the money.做the truth的同位语从句，用that引导。

5. B，这是一个强调句的变形，强调句变成了特殊疑问句又做find的宾语从句，what是被强调的内容。根据句义：我在努力发现到底是什么阻止了这么多人参加这个项目。 6. C，Nancy很快又要有一个孩子了，她希望这是个男孩。指代baby用代词it

二. 句型转换：

1. It is the children that often help their parents do the farm work.

2. It was In 1993 that a tomato was developed that was very different from any grown before. 3. It is the shortage of arable land that the biggest problem of Chinese farmers is

4. It is high technology as well as traditional methods that future agriculture should depend on.

三. 阅读理解：

A

答案与分析：

1. B 细节判断题，根据第一段However, many gestures have different meanings, or no

meaning at all, in different parts of the world.可以得知：许多手势在某些地区要么有着不同的含义要么根本就没有任何意义。

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2. B 根据第二段内容可以得知点头在希腊某些地区的含义。

3. A 根据第三段：Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad.可以得知树大拇指在希腊的含义不同于在美国。它是“不好”的表示，不应使用。C，D两项文章没有涉及。

4. C 语句理解。根据第一段内容：人们在国外与人交流要么懂得外语，要么学会使用手势交流。所以说“通过手势动作比通过语言能更好地被人理解。 5. C 考查文章的主旨。第一段第一句交代了文章的主题。

B

答案与分析：

1. C，根据第三段：“Some husbands, as well as doing much of the heavy work in the home, carrying the coals, and emptying the rubbish, act as assistants to their wives for at least part of the day.” 可以得知丈夫在也帮助他们的妻子。

2. B，根据第一段可以知道：在过去，在家庭中夫妻各有分工，充当各自的角色。 3. A，根据最后一段：Mr. Davis polishes the floors and helps to make the beds at weekend, and during weekdays, takes the dog out for one of his twice-daily walks.可以得出结论。

4. B，根据第一段：The wives’ jobs were to look after them.可以知道过去妻子的任务。 5. D，考查文章的主旨：从全文内容上看，文章讲述了夫妻在家中的关系。

主谓一致

知识总结归纳 （一）概述：

主语与谓语的一致：在英语表达中，谓语动词的形式要和主语的人称和数保持一致。主要体现在be动词，助动词do, have 以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。

谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。

名词或代词做主语有人称和单，复数之分，动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式，而动词的复数形式即动词的原形。

例句： 1. I am seventeen, and he is sixteen.

2. There is a desk in the room, but there are no chairs in it. 3. John gets up at six o’clock every morning.

4. What is the latest news about the Olympic Games ? 5. The family are sitting at the breakfast table.

（二）语法一致：

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：

（1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。 例句：

① My brother and I have both seen that film.

② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.

③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting. ④ Reading, writing and arithmetic are called the three R’s.