C -时间状语从句
语法梳理 时间状语从句 一.时间状语从句的定义：在句子中表示时间的状语从句。 He had pneumonia（[nju:?m??ni?]n.[医] 肺炎；急性肺炎） and almost died when he was ten.（外研社选修七） 二.引导时间状语从句的词有： 1.when“当……时，在……期间”。when引导从句时，主从句的动作有先有后，也可以同时进行,从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。 When I got to the airport, the plane had already taken off. （主先从后）（短暂性） When I lived there, I used to go to the seaside on Sundays. (同时) （持续性） When the movie ended, the people went back. （从先主后） 【练习】 _________ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been. It was already eight o'clock _________ we got there. 2.while“在……期间”。while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候，就可以用while。相比于when，while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何，while 从句一般用的是现在进行时。如： While we were chatting she was looking at the time table on the wall． You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。 3.as“一边……一边……，随着……”。as引导从句时，侧重主从句动作同时或几乎同时进行，从句的动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂的。as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as 只是一个次要的时间说明。如： Sometimes I watch TV as I am having breakfast． As time goes on（go on向前走；继续）, it’s getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。 【注意】 如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while与as可互换使用。 When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.我正沿着大街走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。 【练习】 _______ she grew older, she became more responsible. 4.as soon as/immediately/the moment/the minute/no sooner…than…/hardly…when…“一……就……，刚……就……”。 They told me about it as soon as/immediately/the moment they got the message.他们一听到口信就把消息告诉了我。 【注意】 no sooner…than…/hardly…when…这类的时态搭配：no sooner…than…与hardly…when…所在的主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly提到句首时，主句应用倒装语序。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我一回到家就开始下雨了。 5.till, until和not…until （1）肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词的肯定式，表示某动作一直延续到某个时间点才停止。 He remained there till/until she arrived. 他一直待在那儿直到她到来。 （2）否定句：主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。 He won’t go to bed till/until she returns. 直到她回来，他才会去睡觉。 （3）not…until句型中的强调和倒装用法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.（强调句型） Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.（not until引导的从句置于句首，主句要倒装） 直到你告诉我后，我才知道那件事。 until和till的区别：until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。 【练习】 I waited ________ he came back. 6.before （1）如果表达“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；还没来得及……就……”时，需用连词before. We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 （2）It will be+一段时间+before…… 多久之后才…… It will be half a year before I come back. 【练习】 He had learned Chinese _________ he came to China. 7.since （1）since从句的时态如果是一般过去时，主句中的时态是现在完成时（或现在完成进行时）。 I have written home four times since I came here. （2）It is+一段时间+since从句。 It is 3 years since the war broke out（break out突然发生，爆发；向外砸开）. 【练习】 I haven't seen him _________ he moved to the other side of the town. 三.主将从现：在时间状语从句（和条件状语从句、让步状语从句）中，主句谓语动词如果是一般将来时，从句的谓语动词用一般将来时，即“主将从现”。 I will tell him about it when he comes. 能力提升 连词填空 I was about to go out _________ a visitor came. It was not ________ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him. The thieves ran away _________ they caught sight of（看见; 瞥见; 见; 一下子看到） the police. __________ I get to the airport, I will phone you to pick me up. T - 能力提升
能力提升 单选 【2012四川卷】11. They are living with their parents for the moment（for the moment暂时；目前） because their own house ____. A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt 【2012天津卷】The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn’t read them until three later. A.were put B. was put C. put D. has put 【2013北京卷】23. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet ______ into at least ten different films over the past years（在过去的几年里）. A. had been made . B. was made C. has been made D. would be made 【拓展】现在完成时态有两种用法，其中一种是表示一个动作从过去的某个时候发生，一直延续到现在，此时，经常使用的时间状语有：so far，up to/till now，for …years，since…，over/in/during the past … years，等等。 【句意】在过去的几年中，莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》已经被制作成至少十部不同的电影。 [2014?安徽卷] The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times ________ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”． A．before B．after C．since D．While [2014?江西卷] It was the middle of the night ________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. A. that B. as C. which D. when [2014?陕西卷] The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ________ I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. Since 连词填空 1．It was eight years_______ the Chinese people drove off the Japanese aggressors. 2．The sailor stayed on the lonely island ____ a ship passed there and saved him. 小结 课后作业 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The big tree________________(blow) down in the storm last night. 2．________the film________________(show) many times since last Sunday? 3．All the tickets________________(sell out) when they arrived. 4． _______ she got the pay, she put it away in the bank. 5． _______ you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. 6． We walked along the seaside about two hours _______ we came to a fisherman’s village. 单选 【2012山东卷】27. He smiled politely ______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. A. as B. if C. unless D. though score:___________ 每日一句：Good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。
【拓展】某些系动词，可以用主动形式表示被动含义，如taste，sound，feel，look等。 Your idea sounds great.
The dish（n.盘；一盘食物；菜肴） tastes delicious.
（word完整版）高中一复习专题：被动语态、时间状语从句学案
