英语句子按其用途可分为：述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
考点一：述句
【经典习题】
( ) 1. The number of the volunteers 100 now. And a small number of them already gone to the workplace.
A. is; have B. are; have C. is; are D. is; has
( ) 2. — What’s the matter, Jenny? — something wrong with my bike. A. It is B. There is C. I have D. It has
( ) 3. The pair of trousers me. I will take it. A. fit B. fits C. will fit
( ) 4. We each WeChat nowadays, even the old people. A. play B. plays C. playing
( ) 5. — What would you like to have for supper, Jack? — Either noodles or rice OK. I don’t mind. A. are B. were C. is D. was
【考点点拨】
述句用于述事实或观点，包括肯定结构和否定结构两种。否定句一般是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加not或用一些否定词(never, none, neither, nor, few, little, nothing, no等)来表示。not与all, both, every等构成部分否定。
考点二：疑问句
【经典习题】
...
( ) 1. — Is the girl in red your friend? — . She is learning Chinese now. A. Yes, it is B. Yes, he is C. Yes, she is D. Yes, she does
( ) 2. — will the match between HAS and BIG be held? — In our school stadium. A. When B. Where C. Why D. How
( ) 3. — do you volunteer in Old People’s Home? — Once a week. We hope to help the old more. A. How soon B. How many C. How often D. How long
( ) 4. — Bill, does your sister have brown hair or red hair? — . She takes after my mother. A. Yes, she does B. No, she doesn’t C. Brown hair D. I don’t know
( ) 5. He can hardly stay awake because he is so tired, ? A. is he B. isn’t he C. can’t he D. can he
【考点点拨】
疑问句用于提出问题，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。
★一般疑问句是要求对方用yes或no来回答的疑问句。
★特殊疑问句用疑问词引导，不能用yes或no来回答。
★选择疑问句指说话者提出两种或两种以上的情况，问对方选择哪一种，两个选择项之间用or连接。选择疑问句不能用yes或no来回答，而是需要选择所提供的一个选项或者一个都不选。
...
★反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分为述句，后一部分为简略的一般疑问句，通常遵循“前肯定、后否定或前否定、后肯定”的原则。回答时，事实是肯定的用yes，事实是否定的用no。
考点三：祈使句
【经典习题】
( ) 1. Do you want to be healthy? . Smiling can help you stay healthy. A. Smile B. Smiling C. To smile D. Smiled
( ) 2. on the grass, or it will “cry”. A. To walk B. Not to walk C. Walk
D. Don’t walk
( ) 3. kind and helpful to the people around us, and we will make the world a nice place to live in.
A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been
( ) 4. Please your exam papers once again before handing them in. A. going over B. went over C. go over D. to go over
( ) 5. As we all know, life is short but amazing. it! A. Enjoy B. To enjoy C. Enjoying D. Enjoyed
【考点点拨】
祈使句用于表示请求、命令或劝告等语气。肯定形式常用动词原形引起句子，其否定形式一般是在动词原形前加don’t。第一、三人称祈使句多以Let开头，其否定形式一般是Let’s not ... 或Don’t let him / her ...。
...
考点四：感叹句
【经典习题】
( ) 1. The girl got the only chance to study abroad. proud her parents felt! A. How B. What C. What a
( ) 2. The temperature in June is still low. bad the weather is! A. What B. How C. What a
( ) 3. amazing news we were told! A. What an B. How C. What
( ) 4. — sunny day it is! — Yes, it’s good for hiking. A. What B. What a C. How
( ) 5. excellent news reporter he is! All of us are proud of him. A. What B. What an C. How D. What a
【考点点拨】
感叹句用于表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、愤怒等感情。
★what引导的感叹句强调名词，其结构为：What (+a / an) + 形容词 + 名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！如：
What nice weather it is today! What a cute girl your sister is! What wonderful paintings!
★how引导的感叹句强调形容词或副词，其结构为：How + 形容词 / 副词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！如：
How excited the students are!
...
How beautiful!
【即时操练】
一、选择填空。
( ) 1. Mary doesn’t like folk music, ? A. does she B. is she
C. doesn’t she D. isn’t she
( ) 2. — have you lived in Suqian, Jane? — For about 16 years. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often
( ) 3. — did you achieve your dream? — By working hard, of course. A. When B. Why C. What D. How
( ) 4. — Haven’t you heard of Tu Youyou?
— . She is a famous scientist and won the Nobel Prize in 2015. A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I did C. No, I haven’t D. No, I didn’t
( ) 5. — Did you use to have curly hair or straight hair, Judy? — .
A. Yes, I did B. No, I didn’t C. Yes, straight D. Curly hair
( ) 6. beautiful flowers they are! A. How a B. How
...
C. What D. What a
( ) 7. exciting the movie is! It’s worth watching again. A. How an B. What an C. How D. What
( ) 8. play with fire. It’s dangerous. A. Don’t B. Not C. Do D. Not to
( ) 9. my money back to me, or I’ll ring the police. A. Giving
B. Don’t give C. To give D. Give
( )10. honest man he is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an
二、按要求完成下列句子。每空一词。
1. Mr. Li es from a small village in Shanxi. (改为一般疑问句) Mr. Li from a small village in Shanxi?
2. The Greens will e to China next month. (对划线部分提问) the Greens e to China?
3. Boys and girls, you mustn’t talk in class. (改为祈使句) Boys and girls, in class.
4. It’s a nice day today. (改为感叹句) nice day it is today!
5. She can hardly work out the maths problem. (完成反意疑问句) She can hardly work out the maths problem, ?
6. I think Jack will accept your invitation. (改为否定句)
...
I Jack accept your invitation.
7. The Blacks play sports every day. (对划线部分提问) the Blacks play sports?
8. It will be rainy tomorrow. (对划线部分提问) the weather tomorrow?
9. Look! Jack is running very quickly. (改为感叹句) Look! Jack is running!
10. Let’s go to the movies this weekend. (完成反意疑问句) Let’s go to the movies this weekend, ?
参考答案
考点一： 1-5 ABBAC 考点二： 1-5 CBCCD 考点三： 1-5 ADACA 考点四： 1-5 ABCBB
【即时操练】
一、 1-5 ACDAD 6-10 CCADB 二、 1. Does; e 2. When will 3. don’t talk 4. What a 5. can she
6. don’t think; will 7. How often do 8. What will; be like 9. How quickly 10. shall we
英语句子还可以按结构分为：简单句、并列句和复合句。
考点五：简单句的六种基本句型
【经典习题】
下列句子各属于简单句的哪种基本句型？请选择。
A. 主语 + 谓语
B. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 C. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
D. 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
...
E. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 F. There be结构
( ) 1. Trees turn green in spring. ( ) 2. Tom gave me the ball.
( ) 3. There are three books on the desk.
( ) 4. Little Tom plays basketball every afternoon. ( ) 5. My grandfather died several years ago.
( ) 6. The teacher asked the students not to swim in the river.
【考点点拨】
简单句是只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子。在英语中，简单句有以下六种基本句型：
①主语 + 谓语（S + V）
②主语 + 谓语 + 宾语（S + V + O） ③主语 + 系动词 + 表语（S + V + P）
④主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（S + V + IO + DO） ⑤主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语（S + V + O + OC） ⑥There be结构
【即时操练】
翻译下列简单句。
1. 他们正在认真地听。
2. 火车很快就要离开了。
3. 我父母早上八点上班。
4. 这些蛋糕尝起来非常美味可口。
5. 我爸爸在1999年成为一名英语老师。
6. 他给我买了本英文词典。
7. 你可以把那颗篮球传给她吗？
...
8. 我们应该保持教室干净。
9. 我爸爸鼓励我常做体育运动。
10. 桌子上有三支钢笔和一块橡皮吗？
考点六：并列连词和并列句
【经典习题】
根据句意，在句中填入适当的并列连词。
1. Take exercise every day, you’ll bee stronger and healthier.
2. You must work hard, you’ll fall behind others.
3. The Greens are at the meeting, you can’t see them now.
4. I soon fell asleep, I was too tired.
5. My grandpa is old in good health.
6. I like English my brother likes maths.
【考点点拨】
并列句指由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子,连词前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。不同的并列连词表示并列分句之间的不同关系。
常见的并列连词有：and, but, while, or, so, for。它们表达的含义如下：
① and意为“和，并且”，表示语义的顺延或并列关系。
② but意为“但是”，表示语义的转折。
③ while意为“而”，表示对比关系。
④ or意为“或者，或，否则”，表示选择关系或否定的条件。
...
⑤ so意为“因此，所以，于是”，表示因果关系。
⑥ for意为“因为”，表示因果关系，通常表示对前面事实的补充或进一步说明。
【即时操练】
选择填空。
( ) 1. Read this article, you will understand that not everything can be bought with money. A. or B. and C. but D. so
( ) 2. — Would you like to hang out with me? — I’d love to, I have to study for the test first. A. and C. but D. or
( ) 3. It was raining heavily, we decided to stay at home and play chess. A. but B. or C. because D. so
( ) 4. It’s raining. You’d better take an umbrella, you may get wet. A. or
B. and C. but D. so
( ) 5. Write down the telephone number, you’ll forget it. A. or B. and C. so
( ) 6. Going to the movies is good, I really only like listening to music. A. and B. but C. so D. or
( ) 7. Air pollution is being more and more serious, we should take action to stop it. A. so B. but
...
C. or D. until
( ) 8. — Doctor, I’ve got a headache.
— Don’t worry. Just take some medicine, you’ll be OK again. A. and B. but C. so D. or
考点七：复合句
一、宾语从句的时态、语序和连接词
【经典习题】
( ) 1. You can get to know your children really want by municating with them. A. whether B. what C. how D. where
( ) 2. There were many people over there. He asked . A. what had happened B. what was happened C. what did happen
( ) 3. My grandmother always asks me . A. why can she use the iPad B. how can she use the iPad C. how she can use the iPad D. when can she use the iPad
( ) 4. — Could you tell me every morning? — Sure. I have to catch the school bus. A. why you get up early B. why do you get up early C. why did you get up early D. why you got up early
( ) 5. — Could you tell me at this time last weekend? — I was studying for the exams. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing
...
C. how were you doing D. how you were doing
( ) 6. Alice, do you know tomorrow? A. what we have done B. who will e C. where they went
( ) 7. — What did he ask just now? — He wondered .
A. if they would meet at the school gate B. when would they start
C. that they would take some food D. how they will get there
( ) 8. — Ms. Perry, can you tell me ? — Africa.
A. what the baby giraffe likes eating B. why the baby giraffe looks unhappy C. when the baby giraffe was born D. where the baby giraffe came from
【考点点拨】
在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。宾语从句与主句之间由连接词来连接。
★宾语从句主要有三种：that引导的宾语从句（that可以省略）；if/whether引导的宾语从句，if/whether不能省略；连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，连接代词和连接副词不能省略。
★宾语从句用述句语序。
★当主句是一般现在时时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用所需时态。当主语是一般过去时时，宾语从句则使用相应的过去时态（客观真理和客观事实除外）。
二、状语从句的类型及从属连词
【经典习题】
( ) 1. — When shall we begin our trip?
— We’ll set out our head teacher arrives. A. as soon as B. ever since C. so that
D. even though
...
( ) 2. Daming hasn’t done much exercise he got his puter. A. when B. if C. though D. since
( ) 3. The group had to wait after 12 to check in at the hotel. A. since B. until C. while D. when
( ) 4. You’ll have a great time you go to the party. A. so B. if
C. although
( ) 5. He was crazy about rock music he almost spent all his free time listening to it. A. too; to B. so; that C. both; and
【考点点拨】
在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句按照其用途可分为时间、条件、原因、结果和让步状语从句等。从句由从属连词引导。
★时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when, while, before, after, as, until, till, as soon as等。
★条件状语从句
条件状语从句由if, unless, as long as等引导。
注意：在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时或具有将来的含义，从句的谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。
★原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since。其中because语气最强，用来回答以why引导的疑问句，可表示已知或未知的事实；as表示的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实，引导的从句多置于主句之前；since的语气较弱，常表示对方已知的事实。
...
★结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so … that … , such ... that …, so that。
注意：so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词。so that既可以引导结果状语从句也可以引导目的状语从句。当它引导目的状语从句时，从句中的谓语常有may, might, can, could, will, would, should等情态动词。
★让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：though, although, even if, even though。 注意：在让步状语从句中，though, although不能与but同时使用。
三、定语从句的意义和关系词
【经典习题】
( ) 1. This is one of the most interesting cities I have ever visited. A. who B. that C. which D. when
( ) 2. QQ is a tool is mainly used for people to talk to others online. A. which B. who C. where
( ) 3. The woman is the most important in my life is my mother. A. which B. who C. whom D. what
( ) 4. The photo taken by my brother last week is very nice. A. which were B. that is C. that were D. which was
( ) 5. — Please say something about Zheng He.
— Oh! He is the Ming dynasty explorer of all the Chinese are proud. A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
【考点点拨】
在复合句中充当定语的句子叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句由关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）或关系副词（where, when, why）引导。当先行词表示人时，定语从句用关系代词that, who, whom, whose引导；当先行词表示物时，定语从
...
句用关系代词that, which, whose引导。关系副词when, where和why在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
注意：定语从句的谓语动词需与先行词保持人称和数的一致。
【即时操练】
一、按要求完成下列句子。每空一词。
1. The students asked, “Who will teach us English?” (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) The students asked teach English.
2. Is there a bank near here? The new student wants to know. (合并为一句) The new student wants to know there a bank near here.
3. Could you please tell me how to get to the new shopping center? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you please tell me to the new shopping center?
二、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
1. 我想知道她讲什么语言。 I wonder she .
2. 我没有听见你刚才所说的话。 I didn’t hear just now.
3. 你一到就给我打吗？
Will you call me you to Beijing?
4. 昨天晚上，我直到父母回来才上床睡觉。 I go to bed my parents came back last night.
5. 如果明天不下雨，我们要去野餐。 We will go for a piic it tomorrow.
6. 虽然她很有钱，但她过得不幸福。 , she didn’t live a happy life.
7. 我太累了，想马上睡觉。
I am tired I want to go to bed at once.
8. 格林先生是一位如此和蔼的老师，所有的学生都喜欢他。 Mr. Green is a friendly teacher all the students like him.
9. 你昨天买的那支钢笔坏了。
The pen yesterday doesn’t work.
...
10. 任何违反规则的人将会受到惩罚。 Anyone will be punished.
参考答案: 考点五：
1. C 2. D 3. F 4. B 5. A 6. E 【即时操练】
1. They are listening carefully. 2. The train will leave soon.
3. My parents go to work at eight in the morning. 4. These cakes taste very delicious.
5. My father became an English teacher in 1999. 6. He bought me an English dictionary. 7. Can you pass the basketball to her? 8. We should keep the classroom clean.
9. My father encourages me to do sports often. 10. Are there three pens and an eraser on the desk? 考点六： 1. and 2. or 3. so 4. for 5. but
6. but / and / while 【即时操练】
1-5 BCDAA 6-8 BAA 考点七：
一、 1-5 BACAA 6-8 BAD 二、 1-5 ADBBB 三、 1-5 BABDB 【即时操练】 一、
1. who would; them 2. if / whether; is 3. how I can get 二、
1. what language(s); speaks 2. what you said 3. as soon as; get 4. didn’t; until 5. if; doesn’t rain
6. Though / Although she was rich 7. so; that 8. such; that
...
9. that / which you bought 10. who breaks the rules
...
英语句子分类
