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全国2018年10月高等教育自学考试
基础英语试题
课程代码：00088
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分） （一）词汇应用（15分）
选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。 1. Everyone must ________ for what he eats and drinks. A. give
B. own
C. pay
D. get
2. In order to make greater ________, you have to lower the cost of production. A. money B. benefits
C. profits D. prices
3. Stress can cause car accidents and heart attacks and may even ________ people to suicide. A. let B. make
C. drive D. get
4. The Universal Product Code is ________ to add speed and efficiency to stores by using computers. A. designed B. drawn C. pictured D. planned
5. Different people have different ________ about how taxation should be arranged. A. ways B. means C. ideas D. methods
6. When you are introduced to new people, you should try to ________ friendly and self.A. stare B. appear C. see D. gaze 7. Steel is ________ to iron in strength, hardness, and elasticity. A. stronger B. harder C. superior D. better 8. In the old days women’s activities were ________ to the household. A. restricted B. confined C. limited D. restrained
9. Nations have tariffs to ________ their own merchants and manufacturers from foreign competition. A. prevent B. shelter C. ensure D. protect 10. The shoes you want are not ________ in this shop. A. approachable C. attainable
B. available D. applicable
confident.
11. The little town ________ a lot from its tourism.
A. contributes B. benefits C. supports D. gains
12. The customer ________ whether the articles exhibited in the shop were for sale.
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A. inquired B. required C. acquired D. informed 13. The rent is reasonable; ________, the location is perfect.
A. moreover B. otherwise C. however D. therefore 14. He decided to ________ $ 200 in the bank each month.
A. develop B. benefit C. expand D. deposit 15. He took up painting in his________ time.
A. empty B. blank C. free D. spare （二）语法结构（15分）
选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。 16. It is cheaper to throw them away than ________. A. repair them C. to repair them
B. reparing them D. repairs them
17. I am not going to buy it because I don’t have ________ money on me. A. any B. some C. no D. a little 18. When he came in, his mother ________ television.
A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. watches 19. Computers are so wonderful ________ they are known as thinking machines. A. as B. that C. which D. for which 20. The doctor told me to take the pill ________.
A. every four hour B. four every hour C. every four hours D. four every hours
21. It’s ________ my power to make a final decision on this important matter. A. off B. beyond C. above D. outside
22. A cut in your prices is exactly ________ our customers wish that you should do. A. as B. that C. which D. what
23. We shall cancel the contract ________ you fail to open the L/C before the end of this month. A. unless B. since C. if D. although
24. A policeman approached Timmy and told him that he ________ along the sidewalk. A. ought to go C. had gone 25. I knew ________ men.
A. many distinguished American literary B. American many distinguished literary
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B. should go D. ought to have gone
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C. many American distinguished literary D. distinguished many literary American 26. If he ________ that, he would have run away. A. realized C. would have realized
B. had realized D. has realized
27. We looked ________ for your lost bike. A. everywhere C. wherever
B. anywhere D. where
28. Rather than ________ there by air, I’d take the slowest train.
A. to go B. go C. went D. would go 29. No announcement has been made concerning ________ on the shuttle flight. A. who go C. is who going
B. who is going D. who gone
30. That is definitely the place ________ I left my car just now.
A. where B. which C. that D. when 二、改错 （本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
下面句子中有 A,B,C,D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。 31. An economist learns how to guess what will happen in the future, as far as goods and
prices concerned.
D
32. Henry Ford, who first started making cars in large numbers, probably didn’t know how
A B C
much the car is going to affect American culture.
D
33. When we are very frightened and worry, our bodies produce certain chemicals to help us fight A B C D what is troubling us.
34. A direct tax is arranged in so a way that the poor people pay nothing, and the percentage of
A B C
tax grows greater as the tax payer’s income grows.
D
35. Like many of the most important discoveries of man, how iron was first discovered and used
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A B C
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A B C is not know.
D
36. The right to unload goods without paying a tariff are very important to merchants in foreign
A B C D
trade.
37. In today’s production processes, one person usually performs a limited number of tasks but
A B C
performs these very good.
D
38. Except rail carriers, trucks carry more freight than any other form of transportation.
A B C D
39. The more the insurance companies know the likelihood of a particular loss, the fair the rates
A B C they set will be. D
40. No one can avoid to be influenced by advertisements. They always make every effort to
A B
persuade us to buy this or that product. C D
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
Thirty
six of the developing countries 41 considered by the United Nations to be the “ 42 developed
countries”. Most of 43 are small in terms of 44 and population. Some are landlocked (陆围的) or small island 45 . They are 46 characterized by low per capital incomes, literacy 47 , and medical standards; subsistence agriculture （生存农业）; 48 a lack of exploitable minerals and competitive industries. Many 49 from aridity (干旱), floods, hurricanes and 50 animal and plant pests. Most are 51 in the zone 10 to 30 degrees north latitude. These countries have 52 prospect of rapid economic development 53 the foreseeable future. They are 54 to remain heavily dependent 55 official development assistance for many years. 41. A. are
B. am
C. is
D. will be D. worst
42. A. most 43. A. them 44. A.land
B. least B. they B. place
C. best
C. us D. we C. area D. region
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45. A.counties 46. A. differently 47. A. place 48. A. and 49. A. to suffer 50. A. sufficient 51. A. locate 52. A. little 53. A. at 54. A. definitely 55. A. upon
B. countries B. especially B. position B. but B. suffer B. few B. lies B. few B. for B. probably B. to
C. states D. lands C. generally D. specially C. levels D. standard C. for D. so C. suffers D. suffering C. enough D. excessive C. lied D. situated C. lot D. a few C. on D. in C. like D. likely C. up D. for
四、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题,每个问题有四个选项,选择最佳答案完成句子。错选、多选或未选均无分。 Passage 1
In the earliest stages of man’s development he had no more need of money than animals have. He was content with very simple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himself and his family from natural materials around him. As he became more civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, more efficient tools and weapons, and more comfortable and more lasting clothing than could be provided by his own neighbourhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands. For these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths, leather workers or carpenters who were springing up everywhere. It was then that the question of payment arose.
At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange. The smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough. But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready.
Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degrees to the invention of money. In some countries, easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and the farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. If the smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used. Money as we know had arrived. 56. In very early times ________. A. children did not need money
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2020年10月全国自考基础英语试题及答案解析
