析微笑是否真实，也就是眼睛能够看出微笑，因此文章的最佳标题是“眼睛能微笑”。故选A项。
No. 5
（2020. 广东省深圳市普通高中高三线上统一测试）Rivers are the veins of the Earth, transporting the water and nutrients (营养物) needed to support the planet’s ecosystems, including human life. While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet — carbon.
Carbon is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or stored by the Earth system is a complex science in itself. Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks. This helps transform carbon dioxide to bicarbonate (碳酸氢盐) in the water that then flows in our rivers. This is a very long process, which is one of the main ways carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and once that carbon reaches the ocean, it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments (沉淀物) for millions of years.
As carbon travels down a river, different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere. For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river. Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to the atmosphere in some way, which causes more warming.
Earth’s climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream. 1. Where is the carbon in rivers originally from? A. The atmosphere. B. The rocks. C. The acid rain. D. The upstream areas. 2. Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. To show how important to life carbon is. B. To explain how necessary it is to build dams. C. To show how a natural process is interrupted.
D. To explain how humans fight global warming.
3. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph? A. We’d better move upstream to live. B. We should protect plants along rivers. C. We’d better seek more help from plants. D. We should be cautious about river management. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. What Humans Do with Rivers
B. How Rivers’ Transporting Carbon Counts C. What the Carbon Cycle Means to Us D. How Living Downstream Affects the Earth 【答案解析】 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
这是一篇说明文。文章主要描述了河流对于运输碳的重要性以及人类工程对河流的破坏，号召人们要小心河流的管理。 【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks.( 当含有大气中二氧化碳的天然酸雨融化岩石中的矿物质时，碳就开始了它的下游之旅。)”可知，河流里的碳最初来自于大气。故选A项。 【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容“For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river.( 例如，人类工程，像大规模的水坝建设，将导致水和沉积物如何沿河流流动的巨大变化。)”可知，提到人类工程是为了说明前一句内容“different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere.( 不同的过程可能会影响它是否继续向下游流动或是否释放到大气中。)”，从而解释了人类的干预性。故选C项。 【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Earth’s climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough
about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream.( 地球的气候与碳循环密切相关。我们都知道植物在消耗二氧化碳方面的重要作用，但我们对河流了解的够多吗?改变化学物质和河流的流向可能会对它们运输碳的方式产生重大影响。记住:无论我们生活在哪里，我们都生活在下游。)”可知，作者在末尾段想要传达的信息是人类对于河流的干预会影响它们运输碳的方式，而人类需要在河流管理方法小心谨慎。故选D项。 【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章首段提到的中心话题：While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet — carbon.( 虽然许多营养物质对生命的生存至关重要，但河流中有一种元素是生命和地球未来的关键——碳。)，且文章内容主要描述了河流运输碳有非常重要的价值。选项B“How Rivers’ Transporting Carbon Counts(河流如何运输碳)”可作为最佳标题。故选B项。
No. 6
(2020. 广东省揭阳市2020届高三教学摸底测试)Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn’t change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.”
However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA orbiter Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera. They found that there were lots of faults (断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.
According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin (葡萄干) . Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky crust (外壳), the moon’s surface continues to push up. “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong around five on the Richter scale,” said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in the US.
But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn’t try to explore and
live on in the future? Maybe not, reported the Telegraph, “This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere,” Watters comforted us.
The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and we’ve done some great science, but there is still a lot we don’t know. The moon is shrinking — we didn’t really realize that until recently. It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that,” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.
1. Why does the writer quote the poem? A. To praise the beauty of the moon.
B. To show people’s long-standing idea of the moon size. C. To arouse people’s interest in the topic. D. To get readers familiar with the poem.
2. Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to? A. It is becoming slightly smaller. B. It stays the same as before. C. It is getting older and older. D. It may disappear one day. 3. What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph? A. It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding. B. It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years. C. It quakes even at seven on the Richter scale. D. It has a hot core and releases energy when expanding. 4. Who thinks that we needn’t worry about the moon? A. Zhang Ruoxu. B. Thomas Watters. C. Nathan Williams D. The journalist. 5. What does Nathan Williams think of the moon?
A. It is a dead and boring place. B. It has lots of faults on the surface. C. It is worth exploring more D. It isn’t a place where we can live. 【答案解析】
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C
这是一篇说明文。月球并非如唐代诗人张若虚在诗中描绘的那样是亘古不变的。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不
了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。 【1题详解】
推理判断题。作者在第一段内引用了张若虚的诗句“Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.（人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似）”。根据语篇结构，段落内的举例一定是服务于段落中心意思的。根据第一段首句“Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn’t change.（我们很多人都认为，月亮是不变的）”可知，这个诗句就是用来证明人们对于月亮的大小的长久以来的观点。故选B。 【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However, a new study shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time（然而，一项新的发表在《自然地球科学》上的研究表明，月球实际上正在随着时间慢慢地缩小）以及第二段内对于月亮上断层的解释可知，作者引用这些研究发现，证明月亮正在慢慢变小，说明作者也是这样认为的。故选A。 【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段前三句中的“According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process，it released energy（美国宇航局认为，月亮由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，当它形成时月球在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量。）”可知，月球有一个热核并且膨胀时释放能量。故选D。 【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Thomas Watters 说的话“This isn’t anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by much. It’s not going anywhere（没有什么担心的。月亮在缩小，但是不多。不会缩小到哪里去的。）”可知，Thomas Waters认为我们不必担心月球。故选B。 【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Nathan Williams说的话“It’s a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that（它是一个比我们想象的更加活跃和有趣的地方，我们应该探索它）”可知，Nathan Williams认为月球是有价值的，值得探索。故选C。
No. 7
(2020. 广东省广州市番禺区高三月考)Many people will be familiar with automated writing through Gmail. Smart Reply provides brief answers to routine emails. If someone asks
话题三 科普环保-冲刺2021年高考英语阅读理解热点话题专练(解析版) - 副本
