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high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firms efforts to invest in lone-term research
or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed \”.
In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities quicker use
of information, and thus shorters attention spans in financial markets. \seems to be a
predominance of short- term thinking at the expense of long-term investing,” said Commissioner
Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in a speech this week.
In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Acl of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer
performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce\that\
Much more could be done to encourage \code
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and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company
investment for at least two years can sometimes can more voting rights in a company.
Within companies, the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to
think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all stakeholders, Britain’s new rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance not just for the short term but for the long term.
21. According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is the
A. enhance bankers' sense of responsibility
B help corporations achieve larger profits
C. build a new system of financial regulation
D. guarantee the bonuses of top executives
22. Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicate
A. the conditions for generating quick profits
B. governments impatience in decision-making
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C. the solid structure of publicly traded companies
D. \
23. It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be
A. indited B. adverse C. minimal D temporary
24. The US and France examples and used to illustrate
A. the obstacles to preventing \
B. the significance or long term thinking.
C. the approaches to promoting long-termism.
D. the prevalence of short-term thinking.
25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. Failure of Quarterly Capitalism
B. Patience as a Corporate Virtue
C. Decisiveness Required of Top Executives
D. Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers
Text 2
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Grade inflation-the gradual increase in average GPAs (grade-point averages) over the past
few decades-is often considered a product of a consumer era in higher education, in which
students are treated like customers to be pleased. But another, related force -a policy often buried deep in course catalogs called grade forgiveness\raise GPAs.
Grade forgiveness allows students to retake a course in which they received a low grade, and
the most recent grade or the highest grade is the only one that counts in calculating a student's
overall GPA.
The use of this little-known practice has accelerated in recent years, as colleges continue to
do their utmost to keep students in school (and paying tuition) and improve their gradation rates.
When this practice fir started decades ago, it was usually limited to freshmen, to give them a
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second chance to take a class in their first year if they struggled in their transition to college-level
courses. But now most colleges, save for many selective campuses, allow all undergraduates, and
even graduate students, to get their low grades forgiven.
College officials tend to emphasize that the goal of grade forgiveness is less about the grade
itself and more about encouraging students to retake courses critical to their degree program and
gradation without incurring a big penalty. \University's
registrar. \do better in
subsequent contents or master the content that allows them to graduate on time.
That said, there is a way in which grade forgiveness satisfies colleges own needs as well. For
public institutions state finds are sometimes tied partly to their success on metrics such as
2019年考研英语一真题
