第11练 阅读理解 七选五
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
OnNovember7
LewisPughcompletedaone-kilometerswiminthefreezingwatersofKingEdwardCove
,,
offSouthGeorgiainAntarctica.Hewaswearingonlyhisswimmingglasses,capandspeedos!
Pughisanadvocateforouroceansandseas
workingtoprotecttheseecosystemwiththeirlargediversityofmarine(life.Whenaskedwhyhedoesn’twearawetsuit
,
海
洋
的
,) ,
Lewissays
“Iaskworldleaderstodoeverythingtheycantoprotectouroceans.Sometimesthestepstheyneedtotakearedifficultandunpopular.IfI’maskingthemtobecourageousImustalsobe.Swimminginawetsuitwouldnotsendtherightmessage.”
IttookPughabout19minutestocompletetheone-kilometerswiminAntarcticawherethewateraveragedabout1.6degreesCelsius(
摄
氏,
度).Hesaysthathisbodycanonlytolerateabout20minutesinthefreezingwatersbeforeitstartsshuttingdown.Asheswimswhichinturncauseshismuscle(
,肌
hisbodytemperaturesteadilydrops肉
)
controltodrop
,,,
slowinghimdown.Whenheisdonewithhisswim
hissupportteamrusheshimtoahotshowerandittakesalmostanhourforhisbodytemperaturetoreturntonormal.
DoctorsandPughcautionthatonemustreceivemonthsoftrainingtoswiminsuchcoldwaters.Evenexpertswimmerswhoareunusedtofreezingwatercandrownwithinminutesbecauseofthephysicalshockexperiencedbythebody.Pughsayshetrainedforsixmonthsbeforethisswim.
ThisisnotthefirsttimethatLewishasswumindangerousconditions.In2007
,
heswamonekilometerintheNorthPoletodrawattentiontothemeltingArcticiceduetoclimatechange.In2015
,
heswamintheBayofWhalesinAntarctica’sRossSeaaspartofhissuccessfulcampaigntohelpsetupamarinereservethere.
1.WhydidLewisPughswimwithoutawetsuit? A.Toswimfaster. B.Toshowhisbravery. C.Tobuilduphisbody. D.Towinpublicattention.
2.What’sPugh’sadviceaboutswimminginfreezingwaters?
1
A.Onemustbefullyprepared. B.Oneshouldbeexpertatswimming. C.Oneshouldbereadytotakeonchallenges. D.Onemustbeusedtolong-distanceswimming. 3.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext? A.LewisPugh:SwimmingforaCause B.HowtoSurviveaSwiminColdWaters C.HowtoPrepareforExtremeSwimming D.LewisPugh:AchievingtheImpossible
B
PeopletypicallywashtheirhandsseveraltimesadayintheUnitedStatesbuttheydoitatafarhighertemperaturethanisnecessarytokillgerms
anewstudysays.Theenergywasteisequivalenttothefueluseofasmallcountry.
AmandaR
.
Carrico
,,,
aresearchassistantprofessorattheVanderbiltInstituteforEnergyandEnvironmentinTennessee
,
toldNationalGeographicthathandwashingisoften“acasewherepeopleactinwaysthattheythinkareintheirbestinterest
buttheyinfacthaveinaccuratebeliefsoroutdatedperceptions.”
Carricosaid
,
“It’scertainlytruethatheatkillsbacteria
,,
butifyouweregoingtousehotwatertokillthemitwouldhavetobeawaytoohotforyoutotolerate.”
Carricosaidthatafterareviewofthescientificliterature
,
herteamfound“noevidencethatusinghotwaterthatapersoncouldstandwouldhaveanybenefitinkillingbacteria.”Evenwaterascoldas40°F(4.4°C)
appearedtoreducebacteriaaswellashotterwater,ifhandswerescrubbed,rinsed(冲洗) anddriedproperly.
Usinghotwatertowashhandsisthereforeunnecessary
,
aswellaswasteful
,
Carricosaid,particularlywhenitcomestotheenvironment.Accordingtoherresearch,peopleusewarmorhotwater64percentofthetimewhentheywashtheirhands.Usingthatnumber,Carrico’steamcalculatedasignificantimpactontheplanet.
“Althoughthechoiceofwatertemperatureduringasinglehandwashmayappearunimportant,whenmultipliedbythenearly800billionhandwashesperformedbyAmericanseachyear,thispracticeresultsinmorethan6millionmetrictonsofCO2equivalentemissionsannually
2
,”shesaid.
TheresearcherspublishedtheirresultsintheJuly2013issueofInternationalJournalofConsumerStudies.Theyrecommendedwashingwithwaterthatisata“comfortable”tempera
ture,whichtheynotedmaybewarmerincoldmonthsandcoolerinhotones.
4.What’sthemeaningofwhatCarricotoldNationalGeographicinthesecondparagraph? A.Peoplearemoreconcernedabouttheirhealthandbegintowashtheirhands. B.It’simportantforpeopletowashtheirhandstokeephealthy.
C.Generally,people’shandwashingbehaviorsandperceptionsarenotcorrect. D.Peoplelikewashingtheirhandsverymuch.
5.Thefiguresinthesixthparagraphareusedtoshowthat. A.usinghotwatertowashhandshasabadinfluenceonourplanet B.airpollutionhasbecomemoreandmoreserious C.usinghotwatertowashhandsisawasteofenergy
D.peopleshouldpaymoreattentiontotheenvironmentaroundus 6.Thispassageisorganizedinthepatternof. A.factandopinion B.causeandeffect
C.definitionandclassification D.timeandevents
7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.It’snecessaryandusefulforpeopletowashtheirhandsfrequentlyeveryday. B.Wecanwashourhandswithwaterthatisata“comfortable”temperature. C.Usingcoldwatertowashhandsisnecessaryandmuchhealthier. D.Hotwatercan’tkillgerms.
C
(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模)
Shesatatthepicnictablealone.Recess(
休
息
)
wasinfullswing.Sheremainedawkwardaroundherclassmates.Sheseemedunsureofwhattodoorsay
,
yetIcouldseehereyeslongingforacceptance.Manystudentshadalreadydecidedthatherfriendshipwouldnotbeworththeenergyrequiredtoovercometheawkwardness.Othersteasedher.Mostignoredher—exceptforone.
Brianna,theclassclown,wasmakingtheotherstudentslaugh,asusual.“Brianna,doyouseeMollydownthere
?
3