评卷人 得分 四、论述计算题
24.80%
25.⑴2.4N ⑵s=3h=0.3m
W拉= W总=Fs=2.4×0.3J=0.72J P=
=
W=0.24W
W有=Gh=6×0.1J=0.6J
η=⑶增大.
=
=83.3%
26.解:(1)W总=Fs=300N×2m=600J (2)W有=Gh=500N×1m=500J
27.(1)保证所载人或物体的质量为600 kg (2)W有用=Gh=600 kg×10 N/kg×3 m×6=1.08×105 J W总=Pt=20000 W×9 s=1.8×105 J
60%
28.(1)重物对地面的压强为: P1=F1/S1=G/a2=640N/(0.8m)2=1000Pa (2)略
(3)滑轮组的机械效率为:
η=W有/W总=Gh/Fs=Gh/F.nh=G/Fn=640N/320N×3=67% 29.解:⑴物体重G物=mg=0.3×103kg×10N/kg=3×103N 11
F=(G物+G动)=(3×103N+1×103N)≈1.3×103N 33W有用GhGv3×103N×0.2m/s⑵η=====60% 1000WW总PtP
⑶行走装置对横梁的压力F总=3×103N+1×103N+ 2.2×103N=6.2×103N 当行走装置位于A点时:N点支持力为FA:
F总·MA=FA·MN FA=
F总·MA11
=×F总=×6.2×103N=3.1×103N MN22
由题意知,行走装置位于B点时,N点支持力: FB=FA+ΔF=3.1×103N+1.55×103N=4.65×103N ∴F总·MB=FB·MN
FB·MN4.65×103N×4m
MB===3m
F总6.2×103N30.⑴△P = ?水g△h = ?水g(h2-h1)
=1.0×103 Kg/m3×10N/Kg×(741m-733m) = 8×104 Pa ⑵G =?水gV排
=1.0×103 Kg/m3×10N/Kg×0.1m3 = 103 N W有 = Gh = 103 N×2m = 2×103 J W总 =Fs = 400N×4×2m = 3.2×103 J η = W有/W总 = 2×103 J/3.2×103 J = 62.5%